Welding of metal, advantages and types

Welded joints have been widely used in construction and everyday life. Welding of metal has such advantages in comparison with other ways of connecting parts:

- material saving, there is no need to use additional fasteners;

- the design is more reliable, all welded joints are designed for the current load;

- more rational use of the material, it is not necessary, as with mold casting, to install the sprue, and when machining, give additional allowances;

- Reducing the labor intensity of manufacturing parts and structural units due to the rational use of the metal of the required thickness.

Welding of metal is carried out by such welding materials: electrodes, wire, rods. Depending on the material of the welded product, they can be made of carbon steels, aluminum alloys, tungsten non-consumable electrodes, and electrodes for connecting cast iron.

The main types of welds: corner, cork, T-joint, butt, lapping, electric seals (contact welding).

Ways of making connections:

- manual welding of metal - it is usual or has a deep penetration;

- Automatic - arc under a layer of flux, in a carbon dioxide environment, electroslag;

- semiautomatic - in the environment of protective gases and under a flux.

By the way the seams are arranged in space they are: ceiling, vertical, horizontal and lower. In length - solid and intermittent. Electro-rivets and intermittent seams are used in joints that do not require tightness. Solid seams are used, if required by design documentation. When it is necessary to perform a complete test, the sealing of the seam is checked by ultrasonic method or kerosene.

Welding of metal end-to-end thickness up to 8 mm is performed without edge cutting. Over one-sided or two-sided edge cutting is done, depending on the material thickness and design purpose.

Welding of sheet metal is performed by longitudinal or transverse seams, first welded second, and then the first. The seam is applied from the top down to avoid an influx when it is applied. The gaps between the elements should be approximately 1 mm.

When welding of a thin metal is performed, in order to avoid deformation of the material, the structure is forced to be forced. In addition, it is necessary to impose a continuous seam first, and then fill the missed places. To prevent metal burning, at the junction point it is necessary to strictly maintain the technology and use the appropriate electrodes or a suitable wire diameter. All butt seams are performed on the lead-out slats.

For automatic welding of pipes, boxes, sheets, plasma surfacing is used. The thickness of the welded elements is from 0.5 mm to 5 mm. The main materials for plasma technology are stainless, galvanized, low-carbon steel.

Contact dot conjugation is used for black or non-ferrous metals overlap. It is used in the manufacture of ventilation, in fixing the ends of pipes, in the manufacture of shaped products. With a contact connection, equipment is used that is easy to set up and easy to operate.