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Tsar Crown Flower: Planting, Growing and Care

Most of our gardeners believe that the tsar's crown, which is popular and growing in almost every country garden, is also called the hazel grove of the imperial crown, has adorned Russian gardens for a long time. The plant is really popular, and in the spring in the sun you can often see yellow, red and orange "palm trees with bells" or "inverted lilies," as they call this flower among the people. Despite this, many gardeners ask questions about whether they planted the flower correctly the royal crown, why it does not bloom, how to take care of it and water it, than when to feed it. We will try to talk more about this beautiful plant and the peculiarities of its planting and growing.

Why did they call him that?

Before we consider the biological and agrotechnical features of growing the hazel grouse of the imperial, let us examine its names. For the first time in botanical literature, this plant is mentioned in 1570 under the name Corona imperialis (imperial crown) because of the upper, high raised leaves, resembling a crown, crowning bright bells. In Latin, the flower of the royal crown, the photo of which you see below, is called "fretillaria", which means "a cup for dice" or "chess board". Such names are associated with both coloring and the shape of flowers in the form of inverted lilies. In most European countries, this plant is known as Mary's tears, since large drops of nectar appear at the base of its flowers. But the British call dull tulips or a widow's widow. In Russia, the flower of the royal crown was sometimes called a paradise tree, but most know this plant as hazel grouse because of its similarity to this bird of the grouse family.

Flower in a legend

Unusual for some reason, plants, including fetillaria, are usually surrounded by legends and legends explaining their extravagant and unusual appearance. In Europe, a legend is spread about why the royal crown (flower) "looks" with its bells to the ground. According to her, this plant was in the Garden of Gethsemane during the arrest of Jesus Christ after the betrayal of Judah, while his bells were snow-white and rushed to the sky. When the Savior, leaving his disciples, went alone to pray, all the flowers around him bowed their heads to the earth itself, but only the royal crown remained standing straight and proud. When Christ was taken into custody, his gaze fell upon this plant. His gaze was filled with such sadness and sadness that he could not stand the freeill and, bowing his flowers, "burst into flames" with a shade of shame. Since then, the bells have turned downwards and are painted in red.

Botanical description

Having dealt with the names and the legend of the imperial hazel grouse, let's consider its biological features. He refers to the family Liliacea, the genus Fritillaria. In natural conditions, the hazel grouse emperor grows in Malaya and Central Asia, the Mediterranean, in the Iranian and Afghan mountains and foothills. Prefers areas with good spring moisture and a hot, dry summer period.

Tsar's crown flower is a perennial bulbous plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters. The bulb is large and consists of several fused scaly scales. Some of them have kidneys in their sinuses, which under favorable conditions can develop into new bulb-babies. From the bulb spring grows the above-ground part - the stem, with narrow or oblong-lanceolate leaves up to 10 cm wide and up to 20 cm long. Under the conditions of the middle band, by the beginning of May, under favorable weather conditions, the imperial hazel grouse grows to 1-1.5 meters and blooms . After the May flowering, already at the very beginning of summer, the above-ground part of this flower dries up, and the bulb "falls asleep". At the end of summer or early autumn the bulb "wakes up", starts to build roots and forms an escape for the next year, after which it again "falls asleep" for the whole winter.

Features of flowering

The coloring of petals in hazel grouse, depending on the variety, can be orange, yellow, brownish-red. As a rule, in the inflorescence there are six downward-directed bells, the diameter of which can reach 10, and the length of 5 cm. Now there are varieties in which the buds are located not in one but in two rows. The petals of orange and reddish-brown flowers along the middle vein, and also on the outside at the base, often have small "strokes" of a rich burgundy color. A few days after opening, the flowers begin to diverge. In the first summer month, the royal crown (flower) forms hexahedral fruit, in size close to the flowers, - boxes filled with seeds. As they mature, the seed capsules crack, but the seeds do not crumble, as the fruits are directed upwards.

We buy planting stock

If among neighbors and friends no one grows friillillaria, then it will not be difficult to buy bulbs of this perennial. Today they are sold at a variety of flower shows, specialized breeding stations, garden centers and shops. But before you buy a favorite variety, remember the following nuances:

  1. Do not overpay for the bulbs of new and fantastically colored varieties. The price is several times higher than that of classic varieties, and as a result, the orange hazel of orange or yellow color will grow.
  2. It is important to remember that to form a flower bulb the royal crown, the photo of which you see, can vary in size. Just buy those that are less than 4 cm in diameter, it is not worth it, because aging in our conditions can last a long time, you will not see flowering in the next few years.
  3. In the first year after planting, only the planting material, whose diameter exceeds 6 cm, blooms in the first year after planting, in all other cases it will take several years to grow.
  4. Many gardeners are confused by the hole in the center of the bulb. However, this is not a defect or a marriage, but a place from where the last year's flower sprout grew.
  5. The rather sharp and specific smell emanating from the bulb is normal, so the plant protects itself from rodents.

Cooking place

Planting material is bought, you need to choose a place where it is properly planted, so that the plant develops well and annually enjoys its flowering. In fact, the "Tsar's Crown" is a flower, the cultivation of which will not bring many problems and special expenses of forces and time. For the imperial hazel grouse, the place is suitable both in the sun and in the penumbra, warm and protected from drafts. It is desirable that the soil is fertile and loose. If the site has heavy soils, then a good drainage is necessary, since this plant does not tolerate excessive waterlogging. Experts recommend that for loosening and improving heavy soils, use river sand and rotted compost at a rate of 10-15 kg per square meter.

Tsarskaja Korona flowers: planting and care

In the middle zone, the bulbs of freeillaria are planted in September-October, immediately after the purchase in the store. If the planting material you own or obtained from other gardeners, then after the new roots begin to form. Before planting bulbs it is desirable to treat with a solution of phytosporin or manganese. It is also possible to sprinkle new rootlets with a stimulant for the formation of roots or crushed charcoal. It is very important to plant the bulbs to a sufficient depth:

  • Adults, with a diameter of more than 6 cm - from 25 to 30 cm;
  • Requiring growth - 15-20 cm;
  • Small children - 5-10 cm, depending on the size.

The distance between plantings should be not less than 20, but better and all 30 cm. All plantings should be covered or covered with leaves on the threshold of winter.

Planting seeds?

In addition to multiplying bulb-babies, it is possible to grow a flower from the seeds of "Tsar's Crown". Growing it in this way is quite long, the plants of this way will blossom in this way in six to seven. Seeds of the imperial hazel grouse are recommended to sow in the soil immediately after harvesting, dipping them one cm into furrows about 10 cm wide, sustaining between the rows the same distance. If everything was done correctly, then in the spring of next year there will be seedlings. Seedlings should be fed annually with complex fertilizers. Beginning at the age of two years, the bulbs must be excavated and dried every year.

How correctly to look after?

The flower "Tsar's Crown" does not require special care. It should only be remembered that this plant develops very quickly in a relatively short period of time, and it needs to be fertilized for a beautiful annual flowering of the fritillaria. This flower is suitable for almost any top dressing, with the exception of concentrated foliar leaves, which can cause burns of foliage. If you do not plan seed reproduction of this plant, immediately after falling off the petals and tying fruit-boxes they should be removed, so that the bulb accumulates nutrients.

In the middle zone, the imperial hazel grouse is best sheltered for the winter. For this straw, spruce or pine lapnik, reeds, laid in a layer of at least 30 cm, can be used. It is possible to cover plants only after the onset of stable negative temperatures. Early spring shelter is removed.

By all rules, the royal crown after the yellowing of the stem should be digged every year. But the experience of many florists shows that plants do not particularly suffer from digging out every three to four years. Such a deviation from the rules does not affect the height of the plant and the quality of its flowering.

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