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Political regime: types and concept

The political regime is a means of exercising political power in society.

Political regime: types and essence

Any political regime is one or another combination of opposing principles of organization of relationships between people: democracy and authoritarianism.

State political regime: concept, types

The political regime is divided into several types: authoritarian, totalitarian and democratic. Let's look in more detail each of them: on what they are based, and what are the principles of their existence.

Political regime, types: totalitarianism

With this type of regime, power is completely monopolized. As a result, it is in the hands of only one party, while the party itself is under the authority of only one leader. Under totalitarianism, the state apparatus and the ruling party unite. In parallel with this, state-wide society is being nationalized, that is, the eradication of the social life independent of the government, the extermination of civil opinion. The role of law and law is played down.

Political regime, types: authoritarian

This type of regime, as a rule, arises where scrapping of obsolete socio-economic institutions is being carried out, as well as the polarization of forces during the transition of the country from traditional to new industrial structures. The authoritarian regime, in the main, relies on the army, which if necessary intervenes in political activity with the aim of ending the protracted political crisis, which can not be overcome by legal, democratic means. As a result of such interference, all power passes into the hands of a certain body or political leader.

Types of state political regime: authoritarianism and totalitarianism

With the similarity of authoritarianism to totalitarianism, in the first case some polarization and delimitation of interests and forces is allowed. Some elements of democracy are not excluded: the parliamentary struggle, elections and, in some cases, legal opposition and dissent. But at the same time the rights of public political organizations and citizens are somewhat limited, legal serious opposition under the ban, political behavior of organizations and individuals are strictly regulated by the regulations. Destructive, centrifugal forces are restrained, which creates certain conditions for democratic reforms and harmonization of interests.

Political regime, types: democracy

Democracy first of all means the participation of the masses in the governance of the state, as well as the existence of all citizens of the country of democratic freedoms and rights officially recognized and enshrined in legislation and the constitution. Democracy in the history of its existence as a socio-political phenomenon has developed certain values and principles, which include:

  • Publicity in the activities of the authorities;
  • Equal rights of citizens of the state in the management of society;
  • Division of the authorities into judicial, legislative and executive;
  • Constitutional registration of the state;
  • A complex of civil, political, social and economic freedoms and human rights.

These values, of course, describe an ideal system, which still does not exist anywhere. Perhaps, in principle, it is unattainable. However, institutions for maintaining the values of democracy exist for all their shortcomings.

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