FinanceThe property

Ways to privatize property of enterprises in Russia

The world's leading economists have long proven that the privatization of state or municipal property is a means of giving the country's economy an effective development and becomes a reliable and effective bulwark to the laying of a new economic society. The state in this case does not have to make additional spending from the country's budget, as a rule, and so is not the best. All costs for the privatization process are assumed by the potential owner. The only thing that is required from the state authorities at this time is the timely development of a clear and understandable privatization mechanism, where all the privatization methods available at the moment to future owners will be legally agreed.

Today, the various ways and methods of privatization in Russia have acquired quite civilized outlines, and the entire process of transferring property from state structures to private hands has a very clear legislative nature. After all, the process of privatization itself began back in the mid-1990s, when the original Russian means of origin of ownership emerged in the new Russian state.

Methods of privatization in our time have several main directions, supported by various legislative acts and documents. Here is a list of ways of privatization in Russia.

  1. Stockization is a complex of economic and legal measures for the pre-formation of a state-owned enterprise into an open joint-stock company. The first step in this type of privatization is to determine the number of shares that are to be disposed of to private individuals, with a further indication of the relative weight of each owner in percentage and value terms, as well as the number of shares, and their distribution between public and private property.
  2. Redemption of property leased from the state. Such methods of privatization were extended in the nineties in Russia at the dawn of privatization.
  3. Bankruptcy. One of the ways of privatization, implemented through the elimination of state-owned enterprises inefficient use. It is carried out, as a rule, with the subsequent sale to the new owner of all property. The purpose of such privatization is to protect creditors from unscrupulous debtors, represented by state enterprises. The mechanism consists in the liquidation of an ineffective owner, until he has not squandered all the property.
  4. Collateral privatization.
  5. A commercial competition with social or investment conditions is privatization on a competitive basis, under the condition that the applicant for the acquisition of state property offers not only the highest price, but also takes on the agreed investment and social obligations.
  6. Sale at auction. This method of privatization consists in the first-priority acquisition of the right to purchase state property or shares, without specifying additional conditions, but only at the expense of offering the highest price. Auctions for property privatization are open and closed.

When carrying out privatization in Russia in monetary terms, all the goals of state policy in this area were clearly formulated, which assumed a constant search for and observance of rational proportions between the interests of the state budget and new owners of privatized enterprises.

The ultimate goal of privatization in our country was to carry out the process of denationalizing the Russian economy as a transition to the predominantly market-based mechanisms of production and management of the state. As a result, the effective operation of enterprises has increased, the process of stabilizing the financial situation in the country has strengthened, and a competitive environment has emerged in various sectors of the national economy.

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