The train is what? What are their types?

A train is a mode of transport, which is most often used by CIS residents, if they need to travel outside their localities. At the same time, few people know that before the advent of railways, the word "train" was called another mode of transport. Let's find out which one, and also get a little acquainted with the history of trains, their views.

The train is ...

Today this word is called the train of several wagons attached to the locomotive, which causes the entire train to move. As a rule, trains have a "head" (the beginning) and a "tail" (end), on both sides of which is attached to the locomotive. Depending on which of the locomotives the carriages are pulling now, the location of the "head" and "tail" of the train can vary.

By the way, not everyone knows, but even the locomotive itself without the wagons attached to it also refers to the concept of "train".

In the CIS countries, trains are listed so that there is no confusion. Wagons also receive numbers, while they are unchanged even in the event of a change in the "head" of the train.

What was called the "train" in the past

In Russia the word "train" appeared much earlier than mankind in general came up with a railway transport. In the olden days the so-called convoy was called, consisting of a string of wagons following each other (in winter - sledges). Such trains were used to transport provisions and weapons by the military, as well as traders, in order to deliver their goods from one place to another.

With the advent of railways, the word customary to the people of the Russian Empire was used as a name for the locomotive itself, and for it in combination with wagons. By the way, the carriages themselves were initially called crews.

It is interesting that in this sense the term "train" is used today only during the wedding festivities. This is the name of the solemn procession of the groom next to the bride's house to take her to the church or registrar's office.

Origin of the term

Noun "train" - this is the original Russian word, which was formed from the noun "trip", and before that - from the verb "ride" (move by means of a vehicle).

The very same verb existed in the Proto-Slavonic language. For this reason, it has survived in modern Ukrainian ("Іздити"), Belarusian ("ездзіць"), Bulgarian ("яздя"), Czech ( jezdit ), Polish ( jeździć ) and other Slavic languages.

The first railway in the Russian Empire

In Europe for the first time the first passenger train was launched in September 1830. Practical Europeans soon realized how convenient and practical, and most importantly, a new type of transport is cheap, and soon the territory of the most advanced countries was covered with a grid of railways.

A few years after the first train was launched, it also interested the inhabitants of the Russian Empire, and work began on the creation of their own locomotive.

Already in 1836 there was the first attempt to start a train on the railway, however, then instead of a locomotive the train pulled a harnessed train of horses behind it. After successful tests in 1837, a train St. Petersburg - Tsarskoe Selo was established, which shuttled by a specially built railway for him. It is noteworthy that the locomotive for the movement of this train was used only on weekends, and on weekdays instead of it the wagon train in the old fashion pulled horses drawn along the rails.

It is worth noting that the successful demonstration of the first railway and its capabilities contributed to the development of this infrastructure throughout the empire, and by the beginning of the new century in Russia there was a whole network of railways.

What are the types of trains in the CIS?

Classification of trains is made on different grounds. To understand which train belongs to which species, it is necessary to clearly know its speed, length, mass, range and type of cargo.

• The speed of the train is fast (more than 50 km / h), high-speed (140 km / h), high-speed (200-250 km / h) and accelerated (there is no precise speed, but it moves faster than fast and high-speed, does not transport passengers) .
• In length - ordinary without a name, long-compound, increased length and connected from several trains.
• By weight - superheavy and increased weight (more than 6000 tons).
• In terms of distance - suburban, distant (more than 150 km), straight (follow more than two roads), local (within the same road follow less than 700 km), through, district (go from one station to another), national teams ( Deliver wagons to different stations).
• According to the type of cargo, the trains are passenger, freight (commodity), cargo-and-passenger, cargo, mail-baggage and military.
• By regularity: summer, one-time, all-the-year-round.

The terms "train", "train station": what is the relationship between them?

Considering the topic of trains, one can not help recalling such a concept as the "station". Although the stations are bus, river, sea, air (airports), most often in the minds of citizens, this concept is strongly associated with the railway. The fact is that the journey on trains and to this day remains the cheapest and available for residents of almost any country where there is a railway.

A station is a complex of one or more buildings built to service passengers and sort baggage. They are located at especially important points of transport (in the case of the railway - in the largest settlements).

By tradition, you can not only sit down or get off from any transport at the stations, but also find out the train schedule, buy a ticket at the ticket office, leave your luggage in the luggage compartment, go to the toilet or refresh yourself at a local cafe. Also, many stations are equipped with waiting rooms, rest rooms (or hotels), where each passenger can wait his train or relax and clean up himself.