The Pompeian oven. Wood-fired stoves for pizza making

The Pompeian furnace appeared for the first time on the expanses of the Iberian Peninsula. Such constructions are called Italian in another way. Installation has small dimensions, and it is extremely easy to manufacture. By means of such an oven, you will be able to cook not only pizza, but also any other food. However, it is necessary to be prepared for the fact that such an oven is not intended for heating the room. Such an installation can be done by you yourself, but you need to be able to use a tool such as a trowel, as well as a Bulgarian.

Preparation of the solution

Each of us knows pizza, but you can bake it at home, using a special oven. In order to independently erect the described construction, it is necessary to prepare a special mortar for masonry. It should be made viscous and plastic, but do not shut it up with a significant amount of liquid, since it should not get liquid. In addition, the mixture should not crumble.

Parameters of the Italian oven

The Pompeian stove is heated with firewood, which does not emit carbon black and tar at the time of burning. Apply the necessary wood olive, alder or cherry tree, this will give the test a special flavor.

The Pompeian oven should be made in the form of a dome with a hearth that has a diameter of 1 m. As for the height of the dome, this parameter should be equal to ½ of the diameter of the hearth, but this figure may be somewhat smaller, but this is true in the manufacture of the Neapolitan furnace.

The Pompeian furnace has a combustion chamber, the entrance to which is semi-circular, its height must be equal to 60% of the height of the dome, but the chimney must be located in the front part, from the entrance side. Kindle the fire can and should be directly on the pode, at the wall, in the same place is placed pizza.

During operation, cold air flows penetrate from below through the entrance, after their temperature rises from burning firewood and rushes to the dome, where the air envelops it and evenly heats the interior space and walls for a short time. After the air masses descend to the entrance and are removed from there into the chimney.

Features of the construction of the basement of the Pompeian furnace

The Pompeian furnace begins to line up, like all other furnaces, from the basement. In his role, you can use a finished reinforced concrete slab. Preliminary, you should dig a pit, put a pillow on its bottom, which is made of gravel. The thickness of the preparation should be about 30 cm. While the foundation parameters are limited to 190 x 190 x 20 cm. The stand should be mounted on its surface. This element of the furnace is necessary in order to raise the structure to a certain height, which will greatly simplify the work.

Stand construction

When a Pompeian oven is produced by one's own hands, at the stage of the stand formation it is necessary to use a brick that can be replaced with concrete blocks. There is one more solution that will make it possible to make a stand. It involves the use of a steel corner. This component of the furnace is made in the form of a box in the shape of a square. The second purpose of this box is to store firewood in the internal hollow space. Then, in order to use the stand it was convenient, in its case it is necessary to provide a hole.

Table manufacture

When a Pompeian oven is manufactured by one's own hands, it is necessary to supply the structure with a table that is mounted on the surface of the stand. The table should be strong and as level as possible, and in its base can be concrete reinforced with reinforcing cage. The thickness of this element should be about 20 cm. This table has two tasks, one of which is the need to withstand the weight of the structure, while the second is expressed in providing heat insulation of the hearth. It should be taken into account that the slab must be so strong to undergo a weight of 600 kg, just such a mass, as a rule, has a structure. Thanks to this element, the heat will not go down.

Material preparation

In order to produce wood furnaces of the type described, the masters use chamotte brick, which has the qualities of increased heat resistance. It is this material that underlies the design. The solution is to be closed using several ingredients, among which are chamotte clay, sand and liquid. When closing, you need to apply the following proportion of clay and sand: 6: 4, otherwise the masonry will not be able to undergo a significant temperature, which occurs when the furnace, as a result, the design will certainly be covered with cracks.

Thus, for the construction of the furnace, it is necessary to prepare some materials and tools:

• Clay;
• brick;
• level;
• cement;
• Armature;
• sand;
• capacity;
• Shovel;
• Master OK;
• W / w stove;
• gravel.

Peculiarities of making a pizza oven

Wood-burning ovens of the type described are manufactured according to a certain technology, which must be adhered to, otherwise the structure will not last for a long time. Once all the above actions have been performed, you can proceed with the markup. These works assume an image on the surface of a pre-set circle table , whose diameter is about 95-105 cm.

At the next stage, you can start to shutting down the mortar, since the work will involve the use of bricks. Products are placed along the outer edge of the circle. Use in this case it is necessary to prepare in advance the pruning of bricks. In the end, you should get a ring. At this stage, it is important to carry out the insulation work correctly, since this process acts as one of the main processes in the construction of the furnace. In the inner space of the ring should be laid or covered with heat-insulating material, which is often used as expanded clay, but if you wish, you can apply penoizol or glass battles. But this is not a complete list of materials that you can use as a heat insulator.

When a pizza oven is manufactured, it is necessary to apply the concrete at the stage of forming the shell of the structure. In order to match the table and ring, it is necessary to use concrete. Only after the surface can be ennobled with tiles, which can be based on artificial or natural stone.

Furnishing a hearth furnace

Next, you can proceed to the formation of the design submaster, during which the masters use heat-resistant bricks. However, it can not be used immediately, since previously the products must be cut in such a way that a circle turns out when laying.

Wood furnaces of this type should be laid out with the account that the slots should be even and the same, their width should not exceed 1 cm. Each of them must be well filled with mortar, and then everything must be carefully leveled. At the next stage, you can start forming the dome. It is necessary to determine the location of the entrance into which the frame is mounted. The basis of the latter can be steel, wood or polystyrene. These elements are necessary in order to be convenient to generate the entrance of the furnace. In view of the fact that wood and polystyrene act as fire-hazardous materials, they must be disposed of after completion of construction.

There are also ordinary wood furnaces, the drawing of which is presented in the article, they can be used not only for cooking, but also for heating the home. But if you decide that you need a Pompeian oven, then the next step is to start laying the starting row of the dome. Use at the same time it is necessary ½ brick, but the second row must be staggered. The subsequent rows should be formed so that it is possible to form a slope to the central part of the furnace. This is done by means of brick wedges, the last of which can be a tree. If you are engaged in the manufacture of such a construction for the first time, you can somewhat simplify the work, for this you should use a special template. It can be made of foam, and it must be installed in the central part of the furnace. If there is an inflatable ball, then you can use it as a template. After all has dried, you can get rid of foreign objects.

At the same time, it is necessary to equip the entrance and the chimney. The latter is made from the outside, and it can be based on the same brick or steel sandwich tube. Its height should be 2 m or more. As for the diameter, it is necessary to adhere to the indicator in the range from 150 to 200 mm.

Insulation work

After the installation of the wood-burning stove is completed, and the mixture in its base is dried, it is possible to start using the thermal insulation, which covers the roof of the furnace. In the role of an insulator it is necessary to use mineral fiber, while the next layer is cement based plaster. It is possible to replace the described work with the method of applying plaster made of cement mixed with perlite. It is recommended to use the ratio 1: 5.

Recommendations of a specialist

Wood furnaces, the prices for which can vary within the limits of 80 000 rubles, can not be performed without using a tile cutter, but if there is a need to increase the speed of cutting a brick, then it is preferable to use a grinder with a diamond disc. To fit the brick in its place should use a rubber hammer, and the correctness of its position will be determined by the construction level.