Symptoms and treatment of enterovirus infection: features and rules

To enterovirus infection carry a whole group of diseases caused by enteroviruses. The very name of the infection - "enterovirus" - is a generalization for numerous representatives of intestinal viruses. It is the intestine that serves as a haven and "home" for many of them, where their path lies in the blood and internal organs. Symptoms and treatment of enterovirus infection completely depend on the form of the disease.

Epidemiology of the disease, causes and pathogenesis

Intestinal enteroviruses include:

1. 23 serotype of Coxsackie viruses "A" and 6 serotypes of Coxsackie "B".
2. Polioviruses that have three subtypes.
3. Enterovirus types 68-71.
4. 32 (serovar) Entero Cytopathic Humen Orphan (ECHO viruses)

Enteroviruses persist for a long time (up to a month) in the external environment (soil, water and food). This is due to the diversity of virus populations supported by natural selection, ensuring adaptability and survival in all environmental conditions. Reproduce and accumulate pathogens in the human body.

A sick person or a virus carrier is the main source of the disease. The infection is transmitted by oral-fecal, airborne, with close contact, as well as by inheritance: if there is enterovirus infection in pregnant women, then there is a high probability of a risk of congenital infection in the fetus.

Getting on the mucous membrane of the human body , multiplying and causing inflammation, the virus penetrates into the blood and spreads throughout the body. It manifests itself with the symptoms of various diseases, justifying the expression: "where it is thin, there it breaks."

Symptoms

Viruses can not reproduce without the help of body cells, this is their main biological feature. Penetrating inside a certain type of cells, they turn it into a mechanism for producing viruses. The cell can not simultaneously work on the virus and on the body, hence the appearance of completely specific symptoms of various forms of the disease. The various forms and associated symptoms are described below.

Respiratory form - catarrhal

• With a runny nose and stuffy nose;
• With poor digestion of digestion;
• With the presence of a rare dry cough.

After one or two weeks, there are characteristic symptoms, and treatment of enterovirus infection is not particularly required.

Intestinal form -
Gastroenteric

• stomach ache;
• Frequent watery stools;
• Bloating and vomiting;
• Decreased appetite and weakness;
• heat.

Most often 1-3 days, enterovirus infection occurs in children. Komarovsky Evgeny Olegovich - Candidate of Medical Sciences, pediatrician - discussing this topic in his books, forums and telecasts, especially notes the danger of the disease in young children (up to a year) due to the possibility of dehydration.

Enterovirus fever

It is rarely diagnosed. It is manifested by an increase in temperature. There are no characteristic symptoms, and treatment of enterovirus infection is not required.

Exanthema enterovirus

There are following signs:

• A pink rash of spotted nature;
• Acute, with purulent inclusions, sore throat and pharyngitis;
• conjunctivitis.

Enterovirus infection can lead to the following complications:

• Defeats of the nervous system (development of meningitis, encephalitis and polyradiculoneuritis, neuritis of the facial nerve).
• Disorders of the cardiovascular system (myocarditis and encephalomyocarditis in newborns).

Treatment

Regardless of the disease to which the manifested symptoms refer, and the treatment of enterovirus infection, and recommendations for the prevention of disease are aimed at the destruction of the infection. Antiviral drugs - interferons are used, symptomatic therapy is carried out (painkillers, antispasmodics, antiemetics).

Ample drinking and cool moist air are the best help.

In severe cases, it is necessary to hospitalize the patient.