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Kaluga marsh: description and properties of the plant. When the flower marsh

Kaluga marsh, description Which will be offered to your attention in this article, is a smart spring primrose that adorns the naked dark earth with its bright yellow flowers and almost lacquer dark green leaves.

In the language of flowers, this plant means thoughtfulness. And it's true, you can not pass by this amazing joyful sun flower, without thinking about how beautiful the world is!

Why is it so called?

From where, in fact, the name "Kaluga marsh" (Caltha Palustris) took its name, one can reason for a long time. Thus, some researchers believe that the name of this representative of the family Lyutikovye is closely related to the place of its growth. After all, the word "kaluzhnitsa" is derived from the dialectic "Kaluga", which denotes a marshy, swampy place. And in the related Ukrainian language there is the word "kaluzha", denoting a puddle, a wet piece of land.

Dahl's dictionary also offers other names for this moisture-loving plant: yellowhead, yellow-eyed, night blindness, water snake, patch, cow grass, nail color, etc.

The latter name, obviously, is associated with the medicinal properties of the plant, which helps with nail diseases. And the ancient Russian word "patch" the Slavs called broad-leaved water plants.

Specific features of growth of the calf

In nature, there are about 40 types of described primrose. It also has a huge range of growth that covers Western and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Siberia, the Far East, Japan and North America.

Kaluga marsh is a volatile plant. So, its forms are known, developing in water or having floating leaves. Depending on the conditions under which this flower grows, it can reach up to 60 cm in height. It can be found both in the form of thickets, and in the form of large groups, which is strongly promoted by the well-developed ability for vegetative reproduction of the primrose.

The roots of the caluzhni are thin, fibrous. With the onset of heat, they lift a straight hollow stem, branched at its upper part.

Rounded thick flower leaves have a noticeable fan-shaped pattern of light divergent veins. By the way, the leaves of the kaluzhnitsa growing under the water are dark red, and when they are on land, they gradually become green.

How does the marsh

Kaluzhnitsa starts to blossom since April. At this time, the leaves on the trees, as a rule, are still curled into the kidneys. Its intolerably yellow large (up to 5 cm in circumference) flowers please us until May. On one plant, they can sometimes be counted to twenty. By the way, from this representative of the buttercup you can get yellow paint!

Its flowers are used to attract insects. Brilliant, mother-of-pearl petals of the primrose color focus the sun's rays, which raises the temperature inside the flowers and attracts insects that tend to climb inside and warm themselves. And this, in turn, greatly increases the chances of a new "stove" for pollination.

Fruiting of calf

The fruits of the described plant are carried by water in the form of leaflets, on which up to three thousand seeds can sit simultaneously, after which the flowering shoots die, leaving the root leaves for vegetation, because the plant needs to accumulate reserves for early flowering next year.

In summer, the leaves of the kaluzhnitsa become even wider, but at this time they are almost not visible among the lush greenery.

A young seedling plant is formed long: the first time it blooms only at the age of ten.

Especially popular among gardeners is the kaluzhnitsa marsh terry, which has white and pale yellow inflorescences with a lot of petals. It is planted in open and heavily moistened places (for example, on the shores of artificial reservoirs), where it perfectly coexists. The plant is well tolerated and the shadow, if it is from deciduous plants.

Application of a calf in medicine

In homeopathy kaluzhnitsu, or rather, its fresh flowering shoots, used in the treatment of whooping cough, bronchitis, herpes. It helps this plant with painful menstruation in women.

In folk medicine a wetland marsh is not very popular. It is used as one of the components in the mixtures in the treatment of diseases of the gallbladder, kidney or cough. The juice of the leaves of the caluzhnica was reduced by warts. A decoction of roots is used for metabolic disorders and anemia. In addition, it has a small antitumor effect.

Collection and storage

When the marsh marsh flowers, its ground part (namely, the top leaves and buds) is collected for medical and culinary needs. This happens, as a rule, from the end of April to May.

To ensure that the collected raw materials do not lose their healing properties, it is immediately laid out for drying in a well-ventilated room. And when using special dryers, the temperature in them should not rise above 50 ° C.

Roots of the same calves are excavated in spring and late autumn.

How to use cottage cheese in cooking

Despite the virulence (though weak), in the culinary process, the primrose is processed into a delicious juicy product called "German capers". To do this, 500 grams of unblown buds pour boiling water and stand for three hours. Then drain the water and prepare the marinade. It requires a liter of vinegar, a tablespoon of salt and sugar, pepper and bay leaf. The marinade is filled with buds and boiled. Ready-made capers are hermetically sealed in sterilized glass containers. They are used for filling the main dishes, saltwort and cabbage soup.

In the Caucasus, the tops of young shoots, on which there are unblown flowers, are dried. And in winter they are added to hot and meat dishes. If the roots boil in salt water, then they can become an excellent seasoning for fish and meat.

How is poisoning caused by a calf

Despite the medicinal properties of the marsh, it differs in toxicity, which is especially pronounced before the beginning of the flowering period. Therefore, when using a plant, you need to be careful.

Poisoning is manifested by signals from the digestive tract: swelling, abdominal pain, loose stool. Sometimes it also affects the kidneys, then the patient has a change in the color of urine, frequent urination, shows albuminuria (increased protein in the urine), in addition, patients complain of dizziness and tinnitus.

It is treated with poisoning by a calf woman washing the stomach, salt laxatives and enveloping agents. But all this should happen under the supervision of a doctor!

If you burned the skin or mucous juices of the named plant, then the affected areas should be rinsed with warm water and greased with a solution of methylene blue, and inside take an antiallergic drug that will reduce irritation at the burn site.

Feed value

As a feed for livestock, a wetland marsh, the description of which is proposed in this article, is not used. Since the toxic substances that are in it, immediately make themselves felt. True, goats do not abandon young shoots, but roots take pleasure in pigs.

Wild animals: spotted deer, moose, maral, beaver are admirers of this first spring flower. And the reindeer even hides the summer shoots of the caluzhniki, in order, then, in winter, to scoop them out from under the snow and eat them.

Seeds, which are carried by water and nailed to the coast, are an excellent food for birds.

Where is the best way to grow a cottage on the backyard?

To near the house already in the beginning of spring you were pleased with wonderful sunny flowers, you can plant a piece of cake on your site.

To do this, remember that it requires open spaces and sufficient moisture. It is when these conditions are met that the plant will bloom abundantly. However, if the citadel is constantly watered, then it can grow on dry plots.

Cedar marsh requires rich fertile soil, and in case of lack of light and moisture the plant blooms not so abundantly and quickly loses its decorative qualities. With sufficient care, the bush grows wide and creeps with the help of creeping shoots.

How best to transplant a calf

Every 3-4 years the plant needs to be rejuvenated, as it loses its decorativeness. For this, a transplant is performed, which is combined with reproduction.

The most effective way for this in the gardeners is the division of the bush. It is best to reproduce in early spring or autumn (in September). During vegetation, it is also possible to do, but the calf may in such cases begin to discard leaves and wither, although it does not die.

The larger the transplanted part of the bush, the more abundant and soon the flowering will begin. But small pieces begin to bloom, as a rule, only the next year.

Care of the marsh marsh

Described primrose is a frost-resistant, unpretentious plant, which gardeners appreciate. Care for her involves weeding and timely watering. In one place this ornament of the spring garden can grow for a long time, pleasing the eye with beautiful, bright petals that outstrip the beginning of flowering of tulips and daffodils and lasts until the summer.

A few words at a time

Despite its vast range and unpretentiousness, one of the less common plants is the wetland marsh. The Red Book of Rossi brought this primrose to its pages as unvalued plants. That is, the number of which is not yet possible to determine. And it would be very unfortunate if with the spring that has come, the cheerful kaluzhniki, bright as the rays of the sun, will not wake up in the swampy ravines and near the quiet rivers. Protect the environment!

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