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Siberian cedar: description, planting and cultivation. What is Siberian otter of Siberian cedar and what is its use?

This evergreen coniferous tree, which is a species of the genus Pine. Its botanical name is Siberian pine Siberian pine . To grow this evergreen conifer, you will need seeds (pine nuts). It is common in Western and Eastern Siberia, and it can also be found in the Urals.

Siberian Cedar: description, photo

It has a fairly thick and often multi-crown with massive boughs. Siberian cedar is distinguished by a brown-gray trunk, which is covered with a fractured scaly bark (mainly in old trees). The peculiarity of this evergreen coniferous tree is a whorled branching. It has a very short vegetation period (40 - 45 days a year), therefore Siberian cedar is among the slow growing and shade-tolerant breeds.

Shoots and needles of Siberian cedar

They are brown and covered with long reddish hairs. And the needles are They are brown and covered with long reddish hairs. And the needles have a dark green color with a bluish coating. Its length is 6-14 cm. In the section it can be seen that it is trihedral and slightly serrate. Needles are soft enough to touch. It grows in bundles, in which there are five needles.

Features of the root system of Siberian cedar

It is represented by one short root stem (up to 40-50 cm), from which grow smaller lateral ones, and from them root hairs with developing mycorrhizas on the tips already leave. If the kidney is light in texture and well drained, then at the core of the root will develop massive anchor roots, which penetrate to a depth of up to three meters. They in combination with the radical paws are designed to ensure the stability of the crown and tree trunk.

Micro- and megatrobiles of Siberian stone pine

The evergreen conifer tree in question is a monoecious heterogeneous sex plant (both female and male cones grow on one tree). Cedar Siberian, whose photo was demonstrated earlier, is considered an anemophilous plant (pollination proceeds through the wind).

Female cones (megastrobili) appear near the apical bud at the tips of growth shoots at a time when their growth is already stopped, and the male (microstrobil) near the base of the shoot.

The kidneys are conical in shape. They are 6 - 10 mm long, not tarry. Their scales are long and lanceolate (tapering upwards). Anther strobilae on the axis have microsporophylls, which are larger at the base than at the apex, and female cones - covering scales, which are located in the sinuses and consist of two ovules.

Pharmacological properties of Siberian cedar oil

First, it normalizes the lipid spectrum of the blood. Secondly, Siberian cedar oil reduces the level of cholesterol. Third, it helps to get rid of extra pounds. This positive physiological effect is justified by the presence of terpenes (unsaturated hydrocarbons) in the oil .

Siberian cedar: planting and rearing

Planting it on a permanent place is recommended approximately at the age of six, when it already represents a two-meter seedling. If you take a younger specimen, then the tree is likely to be very painful, and a more mature one can die.

The optimal solution is to take the Siberian cedar seedlings from a special nursery in which they were grown in compliance with all the requirements for this. Preference is best given to young trees in containers, where the root system is closed.

Buying seedlings of Siberian cedar stands with an earthen lump, which must be necessarily moistened and should not have exposed roots. To prevent them from drying out, it is necessary as soon as possible to transport the trees to the immediate place of permanent planting.

Planting Siberian cedar is made taking into account the appropriate distance between the trees (8 m). The size of the wells should always exceed (by 1/3) the volume of the existing root system, and their bottom should be filled with a substrate (mixture of ash, peat, base soil and humus). Do not make the substrate much more fertile than the soil, since the root system of the young tree will not leave the boundaries of its hole very long. This will lead to the fact that earthworms will attract moles, which can cause significant harm to the root system of the cedar.

If the seedlings are purchased in a container, it is worth remembering that their root system is highly twisted. In this regard, you can not plant Siberian cedar with an earthen lump. In this case, it is necessary to properly spread out and maximally freely position the roots in the well.

The seedlings must be fixed at the bottom of the planting pits so that the root collars are on a par with the ground. Next, you need to fill the wells with prepared substrate in advance. Then planting Siberian cedar ends with the procedure of ramming the soil and thoroughly watering it (about 4 liters of water per seedling).

Features of Siberian cedar farming techniques

The specificity of its growth is expressed by the need to satisfy the need for such a substance as potassium, and control over the nitrogen content in the soil, the excess of which can significantly slow down the development of the root system of the tree.

Cedar Siberian, the description of which has been described in detail earlier, is able to fully realize its biological potential, but only under the condition of normal illumination of the crown. Only young trees can carry a shadow without harm, because in natural growth conditions in the taiga, mature cedars are constantly in the sun, and young ones are in their shade. In this regard, all other trees that are with them on the same plot must always be below the mature cedar.

In the first few years after planting, it is recommended to carefully eliminate the self-seeding of competing conifers.

Siberian cedar is characterized by an aerobic root system (for its development it is necessary to have constant access to oxygen), therefore, it is necessary to provide a significant aerating capacity of its soil by mulching (covering the soil with a protective layer). For this, leaf litter (leaf humus) is used, which improves the mineral nutrition of the roots and protects them against this type of basidiomycetes, such as root sponge.

The abundant watering of Siberian cedars in arid times is mandatory. Also, in the evenings, it is necessary to ensure the constant sprinkling of crowns of young trees to improve the gas exchange process.

What is the use of Siberian cedar seeds?

You can often hear their unscientific name, especially in cooking - pine nuts. It is considered very valuable in the food plan product. Cedar nuts are commonly used both raw and after heat treatment.

Their benefit - in a valuable composition. Cedar nuts contain a significant amount of phosphatide phosphorus, which is not found in any other nut or seed of oil crops.

They also act as a very rich source of lecithin (they are similar in content to soybean).

What useful substances are included in the composition of pine nuts

Siberian cedar seeds in insignificant quantity (100 g) contain a daily requirement of the human body for such deficient trace elements as zinc, cobalt, manganese and copper, as well as a significant amount of iodine.

The following useful substances are present in pine nuts:

  • Starch (5.8%);
  • Dextrins (2.26%);
  • Glucose (2.83%);
  • Cellulose (2.21%);
  • Sucrose (0.44%);
  • Fructose (0.25%);
  • Tocopherol (33%).

The protein is saturated with such deficient and irreplaceable amino acids that limit its biological value, like tryptophan, methionine and lysine.

And its core includes:

  • Fats (55 - 66%);
  • Proteins, starch, sugar and vitamins (13.5 - 20%).

What is cedar sapwood

Its official name is Siberian cedar resin. The phytoncides that enter into it in a considerable amount are widely used in folk medicine. But official science did not stand aside in the process of studying its action. So, during the Great Patriotic War, all doctors used cedar oleoresin as a quick healing tool. Even gangrene could be stopped with her help. Subsequently, Siberian cedar gill has acquired the status of an effective medicinal product.

It consists of turpentine (30%) and rosin (70%). Siberian Siberian pine, the use of which is actual and currently, is a highly effective remedy, since it produces both turpentine, cedar oil, camphor, and turpentine balsam.

Diseases that are treated with the resin of the conifer

Wizards use gum for treatment:

  • Damage to the skin;
  • Teeth and the entire oral cavity;
  • Bronchi and lungs;
  • Some types of cancer;
  • Musculoskeletal system;
  • of cardio-vascular system;
  • Endocrine system;
  • Nervous system;
  • gastrointestinal tract.

Applications of Siberian cedar resin in folk medicine

Zhivitsa is indispensable in treatment:

  1. Various wounds. To do this, they are poured with resin of Siberian cedar or they apply gum to the damaged area.
  2. Fractures. In this case, the gum is rubbed on the area of damage, it promotes the rapid fusion of bones.
  3. Furuncles, ulcers and burns. First, the resin is softened, and then it is mixed with neutral oil or petroleum jelly. The resulting mixture is applied to a tampon and applied to a sore spot.
  4. Herpes (at its early stage). Cotton swab moistened with a mixture of Siberian oleoresin cedar and any vegetable oil in a 1: 1 ratio and put it on the sore spot for 20 - 25 minutes. The procedure should be repeated after four hours.
  5. Toothache. In this case, very quickly helps the oleoresin of Siberian cedar. Its use as an anesthetic is very popular nowadays. To do this, you only need to apply the resin to a sick tooth or gum.
  6. Impotence. Cedar gum (1 teaspoon) is mixed with 0.5 liters of vodka. Then the mixture should be infused for five days in a dark, cool place. Tincture must be periodically shaken. After the required period, it is used three tablespoons exclusively during meals and preferably twice a day.

So, we can say that the Siberian otter of Siberian cedar, the use of which is very versatile, is effective as an analgesic, and antibacterial, and healing remedy. Its medicinal properties are unique and diverse. It has found its application both in folk and in scientific medicine. The list above is far from complete.

What other parts of Siberian cedar have healing properties?

Not only the gum of this conifer is widely used for medicinal purposes, but also its needles, oil and the shell of fresh pine nuts.

So, the needles are treated with scurvy, and the infusion of the shells of fresh pine nuts - deafness, nervous disorders, kidney and liver diseases, hemorrhoids, and also this broth eliminates unnecessary hairiness.

And oil of pine nuts is a full-fledged source of irreplaceable polyunsaturated fatty acids. To this end, his daily daily dose should be 20 ml. The oil helps reduce cholesterol and systolic blood pressure, normalize the lipid spectrum of the blood and reduce excess body weight.

If pine nuts are ground, then they can be used to inhibit gastric secretion (decrease in gastric juice, decrease in its acidity). A small amount (100 g) can satisfy the daily requirement of the human body in the required vitamin E.

Also, a confirmation of the preventive effect of cedar oil on the cardiovascular pathology was provided, provided it was added to the diet of the patients concerned.

Siberian cedar as a unique building material

This wood is unpretentious in processing and has excellent heat and waterproofing. In the construction aspect, Siberian cedar, whose photo was demonstrated earlier, is similar to the pine tree. It is a natural antiseptic, therefore rotting is not peculiar to it. Houses built from cedar, durable (hundreds of years), and internal premises are enriched with phytoncides. Its resin and essential oil have a beneficial effect on the health of the owner of the house.

Mechanical and physical properties of Siberian cedar

The coniferous tree in question is a core rock and has resin motions. As mentioned earlier, in strength and physical properties, it is close to pine. Siberian cedar has easy to process and soft wood. It has a pleasant smell and has resonant properties, which causes its use as a material for making guitars, harps and grand pianos.

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