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Environmental factors and their influence

The environment in one way or another affects the living organisms that live in it. This impact can be direct or indirect. All the elements of the environment that surrounds us, affecting the living organisms, are environmental factors. Depending on the nature of origin, they are divided into biotic, anthropogenic and abiotic.

The latter include all elements of inanimate nature. This includes climatic conditions, light, radiation background, soil and water composition, etc. So, for many plants, light and water are important. The state of the soil affects the nature of the vegetation.

Biotic factors are the interaction of living organisms and their influence in the process of this communication with each other. The presence of a certain vegetation affects the animal world of the territory, and vice versa. Some parasites and bacteria can cause death or loss of viability of a living organism. These or other representatives of the animal world do not tolerate certain plant species.

Anthropogenic factors are manifested as a result of human activities. Recently, they have the greatest impact on the environment. This is due to the development of science and technology and the growing population.

All three kinds of factors can affect living organisms at the same time to a greater or lesser extent.

The way in which environmental factors affect organisms depends on the strength with which they act. Since this effect is constant, under normal conditions it does not have a harmful effect. This is called an ecological optimum.

If there are deviations in greater or lesser side, the viability of organisms decreases. There is a limit of endurance, which they can withstand. This indicator may differ for each individual species or even an individual. This factor also affects the results of natural selection. Those living organisms that can adapt to external factors survive and continue to exist.

For each living organism, environmental factors have their own significance. The influence of each of them can be different for each individual. For example, some plants can not do without light and some mineral compounds. Animals need food and water, in oxygen. The presence of the latter is vital.

The factors of the external environment can influence the force of action of each other. Some are important for more living organisms, others are not so much in demand.

A change in just one of them can affect the state of all living organisms.

The main abiotic factors of the environment are light, water and temperature.
Light is important for the photosynthesis of many plants. Its presence determines the vegetation cover and, accordingly, the presence of animals.

Water is also considered one of the most important elements. Exchange processes in every living organism take place with her participation. The presence of water also affects the number of populations and the nature of the population.

Temperature affects many processes of vital activity of organisms.

Anthropogenic factors depend on human activity. But today they are the most influential. With unreasonable use of resources and pollution of the environment , it changes, the disappearance of some living organisms. Sometimes these consequences can be eliminated. Some of them do not require human intervention. Nature is capable of self-healing. In some cases, a person must help nature renew its potential. But sometimes you can not fix anything.

Human factors are also affected by environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to organize our activities more carefully and rationally.

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