Diarrhea in the child

Diarrhea in a child is a rapid release of feces, which are of a liquid nature. This condition is associated with a significant acceleration of the passage of the contents of the intestine, which is observed due to the intensification of the process of peristalsis, or with a violation of fluid absorption and secretion of a significant amount of secretion by the structures of the digestive tract in diseases of inflammatory etiology.

Diarrhea in a child is a sign of chronic or acute colitis, enteritis.

The disease is classified according to the etiological principle to infectious, alimentary, dyspeptic, medicamentous, neurogenic. The first type is observed in dysentery, food toxic infections, salmonellosis, amebiasis.

Diarrheal diarrhea in a child appears in the violation of digestion of food due to insufficient secretion of the stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine.

The toxic form of the disease arises from poisoning with arsenic or mercury. As a result, kidney failure develops.

Drugs sometimes can suppress the physiological flora of the intestine, cause dysbacteriosis. The result of this exposure is the development of diarrhea, which is called drug.

Neurogenic diarrhea occurs in disorders of nervous regulation of intestinal motility. A similar state is observed with a feeling of fear, excitement.

Symptoms

The main symptom of diarrhea in a child is a frequent stool. Its number can vary. This state is also characterized by a change in consistency and the amount of feces: they take a watery or mushy nature, may be meager, plentiful. Possible appearance in the discharge of bloody impurities (amoebiasis). Other signs describing this condition are pain, sensation of transfusion, rumbling, swelling, which are localized directly in the abdomen. Severe diarrhea in a child is characterized by the appearance of tenesmus or rectal colic. They are manifested by painful and frequent urges on the act of defecation with a sense of contraction of the sphincter of the rectum. In this case, excrement does not occur, and a small amount of mucus is released.

Severe forms of diarrhea lead to exhaustion, hypovitaminosis, marked changes in internal organs. Especially dangerous is diarrhea in a child up to a year.

Treatment

The main direction of therapy is to establish the causes that cause this condition. For example, with hypovitaminosis drugs are prescribed that contain physiological norms of vitamins.

It is very important to compensate for the loss of fluid, which in some forms of diarrhea reaches significant values. For this, salt solutions are used that contain in equal amounts this substance and the cooled boiled water ("Regidron", "Glucosan", "Citroglukosan" and others).

If diarrhea is not associated with infectious diseases, then a sparing diet is prescribed , which includes fractional nutrition, the restriction of refractory fats that have an animal origin, and carbohydrates.

Symptomatic agents that are used to treat diarrhea in children are bismuth preparations, tanalbine, calcium carbonate.

With diarrhea accompanied by dysbacteriosis, drugs are prescribed that normalize the intestinal microflora: colibacterin, lactobacterin, bifidumbacterin, bifikol.

Quite effective are folk remedies, which include a decoction of salted pears, tinctures of walnut partitions, dried chicken stomach films, rice porridge. This type of treatment is great for diarrhea of mild and moderate severity. With deterioration and significant dehydration, hospitalization with infusion therapy is indicated .