Polyp in the intestine: symptoms and treatment, surgery to remove

There are cases where the mucous membrane of the digestive system begins to expand, and it can last for years. This pathology is called polyps, they grow in the lumen of the hollow organ, holding on a wide base. Formed anywhere in the digestive tract, but most often the bowel is affected.

In general, polyps are found by chance during examination of the patient for other reasons. Due to the fact that after a while such neoplasms can turn into a malignant tumor, they are considered as a precancerous disease requiring constant monitoring, and, if necessary, removal. Polyp in the intestine, the symptoms and treatment of this pathology will be discussed in the article.

Varieties of polyps

This type of disease is multiple or discrete. Multiple formation is characterized by the presence of about 100 or more polyps. In this case, a diffuse polyposis is diagnosed, in which there is a high probability of developing a cancerous tumor. The discrete appearance is manifested by the presence of one or several polyps, located at a short distance from each other.

The most common type of polyp formation is adenomatous, which most often develops into cancer. This kind of polyps is glandular, villous and glandular-villous.

Juvenile polyps are most often formed in adolescence, but may also be in older people. They are formed from embryonic tissue debris and often have a leg. If such a polyp starts to heal, this indicates its rupture or rejection, as well as the twisting of the leg. In general, juvenile polyps are recommended to be removed.

Hyperplastic type of pathology rarely grows into cancer. Most often it is found in the rectum. The hamartomic form arises from normal or disproportionately developed tissues.

The reasons for the formation of polyps

Quite often, doctors diagnose such a disease as the polyp in the intestines. Causes of the disease can be very different, but most often this leads to improper diet and the presence of bad habits. If a person consumes too much animal fat, fried and fatty food, and while in his diet, almost no seafood, fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as fiber, then after a while, polyps of the large intestine may appear .

According to scientists, barbecues and barbecues are considered to be very harmful products. If the meat is cooked in this way, carcinogens and other harmful substances start to form in it, which contribute to the development of cancer cells. When cooking meat in another way, the formation of carcinogens occurs when digesting food in small quantities.

Smoking is directly related to the onset of this disease. The risk of developing polyps in passive smokers is also high.

A sedentary lifestyle, constipation, excess weight, alcohol abuse - all this is also the cause of outgrowth.

Symptoms of the disease

It is rather difficult to detect the polyp in the intestine at an early stage. Symptoms and treatment of this disease attracts a special attention of doctors, since it manifests itself only with a strong damage to the mucous layer. It is necessary to sound an alarm in the following cases:

• If in the feces an admixture of mucus in large quantities or blood of scarlet color appeared. These are signs of polyps in the intestine. The mucus secretions may be too strong, resulting in electrolyte disturbances leading to arrhythmia and dehydration.
• If the lumen of the intestine is narrowed quite significantly, then often there are colic, cramping pains and partial obstruction. The chair can become clumpy.
• Also, if there are polyps of the intestine, the symptoms and manifestation of them may resemble the symptoms of hemorrhoids. There is anal itching, and near the anus there is moknutie.
• In addition, the signs of polyps in the intestines may indicate a complete intestinal obstruction, which is characterized by a lack of stools, intoxication and strong painful sensations. In this case, immediate surgical examination and surgery are required.

Thus, if a person does not suspect that he has polyps of the intestine, the symptoms and manifestation This disease directly indicate this. Therefore, it is extremely undesirable to postpone your visit to a doctor.

How is the disease diagnosed?

Since polyps in the intestine can be identified only as a result of the examination, the patients belonging to the risk group must undergo regular follow-up every year .

With the help of sigmoidoscopy, doctors study the rectal mucosa and the distal part of the colon. Before the procedure, the gastrointestinal tract is cleared with an enema.

Colonoscopy allows to assess the condition of the mucosa of the colon. If necessary, the doctor simultaneously with the examination can take samples of tissues to study under a microscope. This should be preceded by serious preparation. The patient is forbidden to eat 12 hours before the manipulation, and a day before that he should drink the drug "Fortrans". It excellently cleanses the intestines, which improves visualization during colonoscopy.

X-ray examination using barium contrast allows to determine how narrow the lumen of the intestine is by the growth of the mucosa throughout its extent. Contrast is injected with an enema, after which the doctor performs a series of shots. But this method does not make it possible to determine whether the polyp is of good quality or malignant.

Computed tomography helps in obtaining more detailed information. During the study, the doctor is also able to determine the relationship between the neoplasm and the surrounding tissues.

Additionally, the feces are examined to detect latent blood in it. Since this is a rather complex disease - polyp in the intestine, the symptoms and treatment depend on the nature of the course of this pathology.

Treatment of polyps

Traditional medicine usually involves the surgical removal of polyps in the intestines, but doctors can choose and wait and see tactics. In this case, the doctor simply observes the growth of the neoplasm. This is possible if there are no obvious symptoms, outgrowths are small in size or benign. In all other cases it is recommended to remove polyps.

Surgical intervention

Depending on the size and structure of the polyp in the intestine, the operation envisaged in this case can be carried out in different ways.

The loop electrocoagulation method is used if it is necessary to remove the outgrowth on a thin stalk. In this case, using a special loop, the polyp is captured, after which a current is passed through it. This leads to tissue destruction and vascular coagulation, and the polyp is separated from the base. This procedure is called electroexcision and is performed through an endoscope. With large dimensions of the tumor, it is removed in parts. Possible complications are bleeding and perforation of the wall.

Removal of polyps in the intestine is also carried out through laparotomic or laparoscopic incisions. This procedure is shown if there is a suspicion of the presence of malignant cells, when it is required to remove the affected area of the gut within the healthy tissues.

If polyps are very large on a large intestine, surgeons also perform bowel resection, and then an anastomosis is placed between the areas of the gastrointestinal tract that remain.

Is the outlook favorable in the future?

The tendency to the formation of polyps in the intestine can persist until the end of life. Even if the operation was successful, the risk of recurrence of this disease is high. Also during life, the tissue from which the polyp is formed can undergo transformation, resulting in benign cells transformed into malignant cells. To develop colorectal cancer, it takes at least 10 years, and this process is irreversible. Exception - congenital disorders of embryogenesis, in which neoplasms after removal usually do not grow.

How to get rid of polyps in the intestines with traditional medicine?

It is necessary to get rid of this trouble immediately when it is detected. Otherwise, very sad consequences may occur. People's treatment helps to avoid surgery. The polyp of the intestine not only stops its growth, but it can completely disappear.

Herbal Collection

For the present, medicinal herbs such as mistletoe white, celandine, bedstraw, buckthorn, chamber, goldenrod, clover are used. The spoon of collection should be insisted in half a liter of boiled water for about 30 minutes, then drain the liquid. Drink a day before meals, three times a day.

Take St. John's wort, birch leaves, yarrow and chamomile. The resulting infusion is poured into the pelvis, after which it is necessary to sit in it and steam for 2 hours. If it cools, you should pour boiling water. After the procedure, the finger is smeared with sea buckthorn oil and injected into the anus. Repeat three times.

Beetroot juice

This juice contains substances that have antitumor properties. Every day should take 100 ml of fresh drink three times a day. You can mix it with any fruit or vegetable juice.

Garlic

Helps to destroy the infection, as it contains a large number of components that can fight bacteria. When polyps should always include in your diet of garlic.

Milk and carrot drink

Milk with carrot juice and honey is a wonderful medicine that eliminates inflammation and prevents the growth of polyps. In addition, the drink has a laxative effect, which is good for constipation, which is often disturbed with such a disease. Carrot juice must be fresh. To make a drink, take a spoonful of honey, half a glass of milk and a quarter of a glass of carrot juice.

Clefts with celandine

This herb is remarkable for coping with tumors. However, it has toxic properties, therefore, during treatment should be careful and in no case exceed the recommended dose. From fresh grass prepare the infusion and injected into the rectum. Keep it in yourself for about an hour. For greater efficiency, a clearing enema is performed before the procedure. In total it is necessary to conduct 10 procedures in a day.

Kalinovy tea

Such a drink helps the resorption of polyps. Use it several times a day instead of tea. Use dried or fresh berries, and for taste you can add natural honey.

Conclusion

Now you have learned what constitutes a polyp in the intestine, the symptoms and treatment of this disease. It became clear that this disease is diagnosed very difficult and usually in an already neglected state, when only a surgical operation can help. To prevent the emergence of such a pathology, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle and eat right.