Composition on the work of Gorky. Creativity Maxim Gorky (briefly)

The place of a person in society is one of the main themes in the work of Maxim Gorky. At an early stage of his literary activity, the writer described this idea on the example of romantic characters. In more mature works the character of the heroes was revealed with the help of philosophical reasoning. But the basis was always the conviction that man is a unique individuality, which nevertheless can not exist separately, outside of society. The essay on Gorky's work is the subject of this article.

Life and art

Maxim Gorky is distinguished from other figures in Soviet and Russian literature by a rather unusual fate, both personal and literary. In addition, in his biography there are many mysteries and contradictions.

The future writer was born in the family of a joiner. As a child, living in the house of his mother's father, he was subjected to extremely rigid original upbringing. In his youth, he learned of hardship and hard, exhausting work. He was familiar with the life of almost all walks of life. Life experience, which this writer possessed, could not boast of any representative of Soviet literature. Perhaps, that is why he acquired the world-famous reputation of a national patron. Who else should represent the interests of the working people, but not to the writer, behind whom there is the experience of a simple worker, a loader, a baker and a chorister?

The last years of Gorky are shrouded in mystery. Concerning the cause of death, there are several versions. The most common - Gorky was poisoned. In old age, the writer, as the eyewitnesses claimed, became overly sentimental and intractable, which led to a tragic end.

The work on Gorky's work should be supplemented with references to important biographical data. Just as the writer's life can be represented by analyzing several works relating to different periods.

"Childhood"

In this work Gorky told about himself and about his numerous relatives, among whom he had to live hard. The work on Gorky's work is not an analysis of all his works in chronological order. A little written work is not enough, perhaps, even for consideration of one of them. But the trilogy, the first part of which depicts the early years of the future Soviet classic, is a topic that can not be avoided.

"Childhood" is a work in which the earliest memories of the author were reflected. A kind of confession is this work. A person in Gorky's work is if not a fighter, then a person who has a peculiar sense of self-worth. These qualities are enjoyed by Alyosha Peshkov. However, his environment is a rather soulless society: drunkards, uncles, grandfather-tyrants, quiet and downtrodden cousins. This situation strangles Alyosha, but at the same time it is in the house of relatives that his character is formed. Here he learned to love and compassion for people. Grandmother Akulina Ivanovna and Tsyganok (adopted grandfather's son) became for him an example of good and compassion.

Theme of freedom

In his early works the writer embodied his dream of a beautiful and free man. Gorky's life and work did not accidentally serve as an example for a Soviet man. Motives for freedom and community of people were leading in the culture of the new state. Bitter with his romantic ideas of selflessness appeared just in time. "Old Woman Isergil" is a work devoted to the theme of a free man. The author divided the story into three parts. In them, Maxim Gorky considered the main topic on the example of completely different images.

The Legend of Larre

For all the heroes of the story, freedom is the highest value. But Larra despises people. In his concept, freedom is the ability to receive what is desired at any cost. He does not sacrifice anything, but prefers to sacrifice others. For this hero, people are only tools with which he achieves his goals.

To write an essay on Gorky's work, it is necessary to draw up a conditional plan for the formation of his worldview positions. At the beginning of his journey, this author firmly believed not only in the idea of a free man, but also in the fact that people can become happy only with participation in some common cause. Such positions are in harmony with the revolutionary sentiments prevailing in the country.

In the story "Old Woman Izergil" Gorky shows the reader what punishment there can be for pride and selfishness. Larra suffers from loneliness. And in that he became like a shadow, he himself is guilty, or rather his contempt for people.

The Legend of Danko

Characteristic features of this character - love of people and dedication. In this image is the idea, which Gorky's early works are exposed to. Briefly about Danko, one can say that this hero perceives freedom as an opportunity to help people, to sacrifice themselves for their salvation.

Memories of Izergil

This heroine condemns Larra and admires the feat of Danko. But in the understanding of freedom, it occupies the golden mean. In it, quaintly combined such different qualities, as selfishness and self-sacrifice. Izergil knows how to live and be free. But in her confession she says that she lived the life of a cuckoo. And such an assessment instantly refutes the freedom that it propagates.

In the work "A Man in Gorky's Work" one can include a comparative analysis of these characters. On their example, the author formulated three levels of freedom. It is worth saying a few words about the author's position. Gorky's romantic work is dedicated to condemning individualism and praising the heroic deed for the sake of people's happiness and freedom. This idea is based on all the early works of the writer.

Man's image in later work

The man for Gorky represented a vast unexplored world. Throughout his creative career, he sought to comprehend this greatest riddle. The writer dedicated the spiritual and social nature of man to his later works. The work of Maxim Gorky must be considered taking into account the time in which he lived. He created his works when the old system was destroyed, and the new one was just being formed. Gorky sincerely believed in a new man. In his books he portrayed an ideal that, in his opinion, existed. However, it later turned out that such transformations can not occur without sacrifices. There were people left behind who did not belong to either the "old" or the "new." Gorky devoted this dramatic work to this social problem.

"At the bottom"

In this play, the author depicted the existence of the so-called former people. The heroes of this social drama are those who for some reason lost everything. But, being in miserable conditions, they constantly conduct profound philosophical conversations. The heroes of the play "At the bottom" are the dwellers of the doss house. They vegetate in poverty material and spiritual. Each of them, for whatever reason, sank to the social bottom, where there is no return. And only the imaginations of the new stranger Luke can temporarily create in their souls the hope of salvation. The new inhabitant reassures everyone, telling stories. His philosophies are wise and full of deep mercy. But there is no truth in them. Therefore, there is no saving power.

Gorky's life and work were focused on the desire to show that isolation from people (or rather, from the people) can not bring happiness, but can only lead to spiritual impoverishment.