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Angiopathy of the retina of both eyes - what is it and how to treat it?

Through the eyes, we get most of the information from the outside world. When there are problems with this sense organ, the quality of life can significantly decrease. There are many diseases of the organs of vision, in the article we will get acquainted with one of them: angiopathy of the retina of both eyes. What is it, and for what reasons arises, we will try to find out.

What is angiopathy?

This disease is associated with problems in the operation of blood vessels, which can be triggered by various abnormalities in nervous regulation or changes in vascular tone. As a result, the vessels and capillaries mutate their shape, become tortuous, in some places can narrow or expand.

As a rule, angiopathy is a consequence of another disease, the essence of which is to disrupt the operation of the blood vessels of the whole organism, in particular those that nourish the eyes. This disease can occur not only in adults, but also in children. Usually angiopathy begins its development after 35-40 years.

Variety of ailment

At the heart of the classification of angiopathy is the underlying disease, which provoked a disruption in the operation of blood vessels. Considering this, the following types of angiopathy are distinguished:

  1. Diabetic angiopathy of the retina of both eyes. The name already speaks for itself. Provocateur is diabetes. In medical circles, there are: microangiopathy (the walls of the capillaries become thinner, which may result in hemorrhage), macroangiopathy (more large vessels of the eyes are affected).
  2. Hypertensive angiopathy of the retina of both eyes. Provocateur is hypertension. With this disease, the eye veins become sinuous, their diameter increases, and the walls become thinner. Capillaries acquire fragility, resulting in hemorrhages.
  3. Hypotonic angiopathy. If there is stable hypotension, the vessels lose their elasticity, so the blood circulation slows down, blood clots may appear in them. The person begins to feel a constant pulsation in the eyes, discomfort.
  4. Traumatic angiopathy. It occurs as a result of trauma of the cervical spine, thorax, brain. After this, the intracranial pressure increases, the vessels are squeezed, so the eye nutrition is disturbed.
  5. Youthful angiopathy. Etiology is not accurately identified, but the disease provokes the transformation of the retina into connective tissue, hemorrhages and inflammatory processes in the capillaries.
  6. There is angiopathy of the retina of both eyes in the premature baby. The cause may be various complications during childbirth or birth trauma.
  7. Angiopathy of pregnant women. If you identify it in the early stages, then serious consequences can be avoided, but the neglected form threatens to detach the retina. This disease usually develops in the second half of pregnancy against a background of high blood pressure or diseases that lead to problems with the blood vessels.

Here such there is an angiopathy of a retina of both eyes, what is it such, we will understand further.

Hypertensive angiopathy and its degree

Angiopathy, which is provoked by high blood pressure, is classified according to the degree of manifestation. Determine the degree of disease can be ophthalmologist when examining the fundus.

Angiopathy of the retina of the 1st degree of both eyes has the following manifestations:

  • The arteries on the retina are narrowed, and the veins are enlarged.
  • The diameter of the vessels is not the same.
  • The vessels become tortuous.

2 degree is manifested:

  • Vessels become different in diameter and more sinuous.
  • Because of the narrowness of the passage, the vessels resemble a copper wire, and a little later a silver wire.
  • You can see thrombosis of the vessels of the fundus and in some places of hemorrhage.
  • The ocular bottom becomes pale.

The last degree of the disease looks like this:

  • Multiple hemorrhages in the retina.
  • The retina is edematic.
  • Foci of white color are seen.
  • The optic nerve has fuzzy boundaries and becomes swollen ..

The earlier treatment is initiated, the more effective it will be.

Causes of the disease

First of all, we will try to find out what causes can cause the development of angiopathy. To such it is possible to carry:

  • Problems in the work of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates the tone of the walls of blood vessels.
  • The disease is vasculitis.
  • Diabetes mellitus in the progressing stage.
  • High pressure.
  • Intracranial pressure.
  • Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine.
  • Passion for smoking.
  • Hematological diseases.
  • Age changes in the retina. For example, if there is presbyopia, retinal angiopathy of both eyes will develop even more rapidly.
  • Constant presence in an environment of dangerous and harmful substances.
  • Poisoning the body.
  • Congenital features of the vessels.
  • Injuries, especially the head.
  • The effect of certain drugs.
  • Diseases of the cardiovascular system, accompanied by high blood pressure.

It turns out that there are many reasons for the development of angiopathy of the retina vessels of both eyes.

Symptomatic of the disease

At the first stages of its development, angiopathy can not cause anxiety and does not manifest itself in any way. But most often with its development, it's simply impossible not to notice the problems. Here are some characteristic manifestations of the disease:

  1. Vision is getting worse.
  2. There is a clouding in the eyes.
  3. Visibility of objects at a great distance deteriorates.
  4. In severe cases, complete loss of vision is possible.
  5. In some situations, bleeding from the nose may occur, but it does not happen to everyone and not in every case.
  6. The patient can see frequent flashes in the eyes, light circles.
  7. There is an intraocular pressure, it may feel that the eyeballs are enlarged in size.
  8. Additional symptoms of angiopathy include pain in the legs, blood in the urine.

If any of the listed signs are seen, then retina angiopathy of both eyes may develop. What is it, the doctor will explain, to the reception to which it is necessary to register immediately.

Diagnosis of the disease

In the treatment of any disease, setting the right diagnosis is the first step towards recovery. If the diagnosis of the disease is wrong, then we can conclude that the treatment will not bring the expected result or make it even worse.

Only an oculist can detect angiopathy. The doctor has special equipment with which he will examine the fundus and assess the status of the retina. For the treatment to be successful, it is necessary to find out the cause of the disease, therefore, it is impossible to do without carrying out diagnostic procedures. The doctor can appoint:

  1. Ultrasound scanning of the entire vascular system of the body to assess its condition.
  2. Angiography. To do this, a special composition is introduced into the vessels and an X-ray is taken, which is then examined by a doctor or described by a computer.
  3. MRI will assess the condition of the tissues of the whole organism.

After finding out all the reasons and setting the exact diagnosis, the specialist will prescribe the treatment.

Therapy of angiopathy

If "angiopathy of the retina of both eyes" is diagnosed, treatment will be individual in each case. The choice of treatment tactics is influenced by the degree of the disease, the reason that provoked it. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate provoking factors, for example, if the cause is hypertension, then hypotensive drugs are prescribed.

Therapy of angiopathy is always carried out in a complex way and includes the following directions:

1. Prescribe drugs that improve blood circulation in the eye and strengthen the walls of blood vessels: Actovegin, Trental, Cavinton.

2. Drugs that contribute to reducing vascular permeability, this group includes: "Dobesilat", "Parmidin".

3. Vitamin complexes are prescribed, especially those that contain vitamins B, C, P, E.

4. Drugs that prevent the formation of blood clots, for example, "Losirin", "Magnikor", "Tiklodipin."

5. It is necessary to take drops in the eyes to improve microcirculation: "Taufon", "Emoxipin".

6. Obligatory taking of drugs from the disease, which provoked the development of angiopathy.

7. Physiotherapy. A positive effect is provided by laser irradiation, acupuncture.

8. You can use folk remedies for this disease. Traditional healers recommend using infusions of chamomile, St. John's wort, hawthorn, lemon balm.

If the course of treatment has not yielded positive results, and the disease only progresses, then it will be necessary to resort to surgical intervention. Currently, doctors use the following methods:

  • Laser retina coagulation .
  • Vitrectomy.
  • Photocoagulation.

In advanced cases, it is recommended that blood be purified by hemodialysis.

Even modern medicine can not work miracles and completely heal and restore vision if the patient himself later asked for help and did not follow all the doctor's recommendations.

The prognosis of angiopathy treatment

In the case when the patient addresses to the doctor on time, when he started to notice problems with the eyes, the treatment gives quite effective results, the vision is almost completely restored. It is well amenable to the correction of angiopathy in children, as the organ of vision is still formed, so the restoration does not cause problems.

Modern methods of treatment allow you to restore your vision and take all the necessary measures to prevent it from falling.

Prevention of disease

To prevent the development of angiopathy, the following recommendations should be observed:

  1. If there are chronic diseases, then it is necessary to regularly take a course of treatment.
  2. Lead a healthy lifestyle.
  3. Even in the absence of visible vision problems, it is necessary to undergo an examination once a year from the oculist to identify the problem at the earliest stage.
  4. If the patient is at risk, that is, he has diabetes mellitus, hypertension, then it is advisable to take 2-3 times a year.
  5. If the initial stage of angiopathy is detected in a pregnant woman, the most optimal method of delivery will be a cesarean section.

Thus, it is possible to prevent the appearance of such a disease as angiopathy of the retina of both eyes. What is it, we found out, and we can conclude that with timely treatment, the ailment is quite treatable. All excellent health and good vision!

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