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What is the era? What does our era mean?

What is the era? This is a period of time determined by the goals of chronology or historiography. Comparable concepts are the epoch, age, period, sakulum, aeon (Greek Aion) and Sanskrit south.

What is the era?

The word era has been used since 1615 and, in Latin, "aera" means the era in which time is measured. The use of this term in chronology began around the fifth century, at the time of the Visigoths in Spain, where he appears in the history of Isidore of Seville. Then in later texts. The Spanish era is calculated from 38 BC. Like the era, originally this concept meant the starting point of the century.

Use in chronology

What is the era in chronology? It is considered the highest level for organizing time measurement. The calendar epoch indicates the duration of the time interval, starting from a certain date, which often marks the beginning of a certain political state, dynasty, government. It can be the birth of a leader or another significant historical or mythological event.

Geological epoch

In large-scale natural sciences, there is a need for a different perspective of time independent of human activity, and really embracing a much longer period (mostly prehistoric), where the geological era refers to clearly defined time intervals. Further separation of geological time is aeon. The Phanerozoic eon is divided into eras. At present, there are three epochs defined in the Phanerozoic. This is the Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Paleozoic eras. The older Proterozoic and Archean eons also divide into their epochs.

Cosmological and calendar epoch

For periods in the history of the universe, the term "epoch" is usually preferable to "era", although these concepts are interchangeable. The calendar era is calculated for years within certain dates. Often with religious significance. As for our era, the domination is considered the chronology from the birth of Jesus Christ. The Islamic calendar, which also has options, counts the years from the Hijra or the relocation of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, which occurred in 622 BC.

During the period - from 1872 to World War II - the Japanese used the system of the imperial year, counting from the period when the legendary emperor Jimma founded Japan. This was in 660 BC. Many Buddhist calendars are reckoned from the death of the Buddha, which, according to the most commonly used calculations, took place in 545-543. BC. E. Other calendar epochs of the past were calculated from political events. Such are, for example, the era of the Seleucids and the Ancient Roman abbot, which take their origin from the date of the founding of the city.

Age and Era

The word "era" also denotes units used in another, more arbitrary system, where time does not appear to be an infinite continuum with one reporting year, but each new block begins with a new count, as if time begins again. The use of different years is a rather unpractical system, and for historians it is a difficult task. When there is no single historical chronology, the predominance in the public life of an absolute ruler in many ancient cultures is often reflected. Such traditions sometimes experience the political power of the throne and can even be based on mythological events or rulers that may not even have existed.

What is a century and an era? Can these concepts also be interchangeable? The century is not necessarily 100 years, in another sense it can be several centuries, or even a couple of decades. For example, the reign of a ruler is considered a "golden age" in history, but this does not mean that he ruled exactly 100 years. Therefore, the framework of the century can vary both in one and the other direction. In East Asia, the kingdom of each emperor can be subdivided into several periods of government, each of which is regarded as a new era.

The era in historiography

The era can be used to refer to clearly defined periods of historiography, for example, Roman, Victorian and so on. Later periods of actual history include the Soviet era. In the history of modern popular music, also singled out their periods, for example, the era of disco.

Different points of view

What is the era from different points of view? Here are the most common:

  1. A time reference system by numbering years from some important event or a given time point (the Christian era).
  2. An event or a date that marks the beginning of a new or important period in history (the Renaissance).
  3. The period of time considered from the point of view of remarkable and characteristic events, persons (the era of progress).
  4. From the geological point of view, the era describes the time frame from the time of the creation of the Earth to our time. This is the largest chronological division (Paleozoic era).

What is a new era?

Different peoples have their own chronology. The traditional beginning of our era is the birth of Jesus Christ, this period was once determined by the Pope. Thus, our era is also considered Christian, in honor of the founder of the new religious doctrine - Christianity. Prior to this, the chronology was conducted according to the calendar of Julius Caesar.

December 25 in many countries of the world is considered an important holiday. This is the day when the "son of God" was born. Since then, it is customary to say: "Such a year before (AD) or after the birth of Christ" (AD). A new start date was adopted by Tsar Peter I, and after December 31, 7208, from the biblical creation of the world, came January 1, 1700 after the birth of Christ. People still adhere to this reckoning and call it the new, or our era.

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