What is dangerous pyelonephritis in children and the prevention of his disease.

The most common pathogens of urinary tract infections in adults and especially in children are bacteria - E. coli and staphylococcus, less often viruses or fungus. Fungal infections are most common in patients with a weakened immune system, after long-term antibiotic use and after treatment of other urinary tract diseases. The proximity of the urinary system, as well as the end of the gastrointestinal tract, facilitates the transfer of bacteria that are in the intestine, provided there are favorable conditions for their development in the urinary canal. Subsequently, bacteria reach other organs of the genitourinary system, which leads to inflammation of the urinary tract and cystitis, pyelonephritis and sepsis.

Such a disease, like pyelonephritis in children, is caused by an E. coli. It refers to the so-called wide group of infections of the urinary tract, when the inflammatory process takes place in the kidneys, the renal pelvis (pyelitis) and connective tissues (hence the name of the disease). This is one of the most common renal diseases, which is quite complex and dangerous. Because of the duration of the inflammatory process, three forms of the disease are defined: acute, chronic and acute chronic.

Acute pyelonephritis in children is caused by bacteria that enter the kidneys from the lower urinary tract through the ureters. The disease can affect both kidneys or affect one kidney. Acute inflammation can be recognized without in-depth diagnosis, when a urinary tract infection is accompanied by fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or flank. These symptoms indicate that the pathological process of the disease includes kidney damage. Distinguish on the basis of clinical symptoms of urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis in children is often impossible, so in practice, this is not very accurate diagnosis, like infection of the urinary tract. But for safety, every inflammation of the urinary system is treated, regardless of clinical symptoms, like acute pyelonephritis in children. This disease can lead to significant structural changes in the kidneys.

Chronic pyelonephritis is a disease that begins in early childhood and is the result of scarring in the kidneys as a result of prolonged or recurrent infection of the urinary tract. Very dangerous are the consequences after infection. Acute inflammation in most cases leaves irreversible effects. Chronic progressive lesions of the kidneys can lead to disruption of their functions and, consequently, the development of renal failure and other serious complications. Often chronic pyelonephritis in children leads to kidney failure, sepsis, growth disruption, enlargement of the liver and spleen, and renal abscess.

The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of clinical tests of urine. The doctor can refer and to other examinations, for example, ultrasound of the kidneys, cystography or cystoscopy. Treatment of the disease consists in taking antibiotics and consuming enough liquid, in particular it is recommended to drink cranberry juice. There is no special diet, but physical activities are contraindicated. Sometimes it takes months to take drugs for disinfection or acidification of the urinary tract.

Prevention of pyelonephritis is important for a healthy lifestyle. Under the rules of intimate hygiene, the risk of infection with the E. coli decreases, and frequent emptying of the bladder prevents infection by viruses.

It must be remembered that pyelonephritis in children is not a disease that can be ignored. With the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease, the child must always consult a doctor for treatment, which will prevent as soon as possible the further growth of bacteria in the urinary tract and prevent adverse effects.