Washed concrete: manufacturing technology, products

Construction today is gaining momentum, technology in this industry is constantly developing. New methods of erecting structures as well as masonry are put into practice. This also applies to the range of materials. As one of the most popular today stands concrete. It is widely used for laying slabs, foundations, paving paths, etc.

The solution is an artificial material that has high strength. It is obtained by mixing several ingredients, namely:

• water;
• Sand;
• Cement;
• Crushed stone.

The solution can have a certain brand, but a special place in the field of construction today is occupied by so-called washed concrete, which will be discussed below.

Description

The aforementioned manufacturing technology involves washing out the top layer of the cement paste, during which the internal filler is outside. With the help of this technology, reinforced concrete products receive the texture of natural material: pebbles, granite and marble. A natural stone at the same time is laid on the structure of the product, which prevents its peeling.

Washed concrete involves the use of a special lacquer and gel, which are necessary for the manufacture of products with complex geometry. The gel provides a uniform layer. The technology can provide for the use of P-07 paper, which is used for products with a flat base, including euro withdrawals, paving slabs and panels. In this case, the products are formed face down.

Technology of production: the necessary tools and materials

Washed concrete is a technology that requires the availability of certain tools and materials. Among them, it should be noted:

• Water;
• Concrete mixer;
• Forms for tiles;
• sand;
• Reagents.

Among other things, you need a room for production, access to electricity, shaker table, cement, small filler and paper of the kind mentioned above. As for the concrete mixer, it should be inertial, but equipment like the "pear" is better not to use. However, in the last resort, they still admit this possibility. As for the forms for tiles, you can buy conventional, made of plastic. Sometimes they are made of metal to order. You will need the Kercher device.

It should be remembered that when choosing a sand it is better to prefer a river, but a small filler can be a sea pebble, quartzite, granite gravel, diorite, marble crumbs or travertine. Sometimes cast iron shot, glass crumb, waste of CHP, smalt, etc. are used.

Production process

If you decide to make washed concrete, then in the first stage, you must prepare a concrete mixture, to which a pre-selected filler is added. For the solution you need a part of cement M-500, pebbles, 3.5 parts of filler, 1.5 parts of sand, and water.

In a concrete mixer, all the ingredients are mixed until a uniform mixture of sour cream consistency can be obtained. Do not make the composition more dense. At the next stage, a form is prepared, at the bottom of which a gel is applied. Alternatively, paper can be used.

The technology of "washed concrete" provides for waiting until the mold is dry. This can take half an hour if conditions are perfect. They provide for maintaining the temperature during this period within the range of +20 ° C. If paper is used, then this step must be omitted. When the form is collapsible, it must be assembled, and then installed on a vibrating table.

Methods of work

The main stage will be the filling of the form with a solution, but this work is necessary when the vibrating table is turned on. The mold is then removed from the table and left to dry completely. A day later, you can take out the items. Using water or a nylon brush with running water, it is necessary to remove the top, not yet strengthened layer of cement paste. Sometimes, the Kärcher is used for this. On this we can assume that the products of washed concrete are ready.

Methods of obtaining

As a special feature of the production is a retarder of solution ripening. This also applies to the case when it is necessary to make, for example, a concrete vault. Depending on the tasks, the reagent can be applied to products from different sides. As a result, the tile, being in the formwork, is covered with a deactivator from the outside. But if we are talking about products that must have a complex pattern, then the technology of their production is somewhat different. In this case, the retarder of hardening is applied to the inner walls of the mold, and afterwards a ready-made mass of concrete is placed in it. In both cases, the reagent is washed off to obtain a given relief. As a result, the concrete vault may have a different design, texture and color.

Consumption of additional materials

If the consumption of the main ingredients is fairly easy to calculate, then the parameters of the gel or paper should be known additionally. If G-05 gel is used, its consumption can vary from 60 to 80 g / m ^{2 of the} face surface. But when using paper R-07, it is important to consider that its consumption per square meter of the front surface will be the same - one square meter.

Products on the technology of "washed concrete"

The quality of the concrete mix, which will be manufactured for the purpose of creating products using the technology of "washed concrete", has a high level. Quite often novice masters are wondering about what products can be made using this technique. The answer is simple and it consists in the fact that this method allows you to create almost any product, the size of which will not have absolutely no significance. This can be a vase or curly elements, as well as a road fence.

The assortment is varied - from facade tiles to pavers, as well as small-quality products and cottage house-building. But concrete tiles are not the only thing that can be done by the technology described. This includes: fence and wall blocks, socle stone, retaining walls, visors for fence, figured elements of fences, barbecue, facade tiles, socle panels, columns, fence plates, landing areas, garden benches and tables, fountains, balls of different diameters, lawns Sculptures, steps, staircases, etc.

Conclusion

Concrete tiles in the plant on the technology of "washed concrete" is manufactured using special equipment. If you decided to do such work yourself, then you can mechanize the process using a concrete mixer, which you will need at the first stage. But the washing of the upper layer of concrete can be done with a spray gun with a brush or a water pump. For concrete casting, you can additionally use strong plastic or wooden molds.