Cant: what is it and where it is applied. Manufacture of beams. Glued beams

The popular material that is used in erecting structures is the cant. It is obtained after machining a solid log, which is subjected to rolling and sawing from all sides. It can be of various lengths, ranging from 4000 mm to 6000 mm. In this article we will answer the question: "Cant: what is it?" - and also consider its main types and uses.

Use of a bar

The building beam is used in the construction of cottages, villas, houses, for decoration works of the premises, in the manufacture of furniture, ships, containers. It is a durable and durable material that is also environmentally friendly. The plus is that the material is aesthetically beautiful.

The beam 100x100 and 150x150 mm is in great demand. The relatively small cross-section of this sawn timber allows to guarantee a sufficiently high quality of the structures.

The 100x100 mm beam is used in frame construction. It is also good as a wall material for wooden houses.

Simple wooden beam

What is a wooden beam? It is obtained with the help of sawing, followed by four-sided grooving. It attracts builders to its lower cost in comparison with other types of timber. The disadvantage is its less attractive appearance, which requires an external finish of the structure. In addition, due to the lack of a thermal lock, the walls made of this material require additional insulation.

For the production of this material a pine log is used. Slightly less often the production of timber is made from spruce, larch, oak or chestnut. This material is easy to clean and well suited to the island.

Classification

A simple wooden beam is divided into two types:

• Gray calibrated. For its manufacture, raw wood is taken. Due to the fact that there is an error in the size of the profile, it needs further processing.
• Calibrated dry timber. For manufacturing, dry wood is taken. There is no need for its fitting, since its dimensions in the future do not change.

Application area

Most often this material is in demand for the installation of internal walls during the erection of the structure, for the construction of stairs and fences, during the installation of temporary fences. It is used during the device formwork, crates. Only dry calibrated timber can be used for finishing .

Profiled beam

The production process is based on the fact that the wood is subjected to special processing, as a result of which a certain standard profile is obtained. On the finished product there are landing bowls, vertical cuts, by means of which one beam is kept on the other. In addition, they prevent the horizontal cracking of the material after it dries. On the finished product there are still heat-insulating grooves and spikes. They contribute to the compression of the intervent insulation. To obtain this beam, pine, cedar, and larch are used.

Advantages and disadvantages

A low price for such material is its main advantage. It has fairly high performance. Construction of buildings is carried out quickly and easily. There is no need to caulk the structure with a heater. The profile prevents moisture from entering between the logs during precipitation. This protects the material from premature decay.

The construction of this material has the ability to "breathe", since it does not use glue and other chemical elements, it does not need the use of finishing materials.

The disadvantage is deformation and shrinkage due to insufficient drying. The beginning of finishing works because of this should be postponed for about 12 months. Such a period of time is necessary for complete drying of the material. This type of beam was widely used in the construction of houses and commercial buildings. So, with the question: "Profiled bar - what is it?" - we sorted it out.

Box timber

The production of the beam consists in splicing two, equal in length, arrays. From it, interior doors, windows and window openings are made. The main material used in the production is pine.

The grade of the finished product is determined by the number of resin pockets, the length of which should not exceed 15 mm, and the width - 1 mm. On a quality product, there should not be more than three. Elite varieties are determined by the absence of knots and wormholes.

Glued beams

Glued beam - what is it? This is a material obtained by gluing several layers of carefully dried wood, which subsequently passed the profiling. The precise profile allows for a tight joint between the beams. Strength of this material is provided by layers of glued fibers located in opposite directions. Due to the adhesive seam, the material has an increased moisture resistance.

Advantages and disadvantages

As already mentioned above, this material has a high moisture resistance. It has strength and durability. Do not crack and do not warp, there is no shrinkage of the material, which helps prevent shrinkage of the finished structure. This makes it possible to proceed to the beginning of the finishing works immediately after the erection of the structure.

The construction of this material is endowed with soundproofing and thermal insulation properties. Appearance is very aesthetic, emphasizing the beauty of the texture of the tree. Does not require exterior finishing, except for processing with protective and decorative composition.

The only drawback that a glued bar has is price.

Application

It is in great demand when erecting permanent dwellings, cottages, cottages. Glued beams, the price of which is 19000 per cubic meter, is used for making many joiner's products. From it are mounted load-bearing wooden structures.

Stages of production

For the production of this material is used pine, spruce. Slightly less popular are cedar and larch. The production process of glued beams consists of several stages.

The beginning of the process is sawing wood and drying it. Timber is cut on boards having certain parameters, after which they are subjected to drying. The resulting material is subjected to calibration, after which the visual control is carried out, in most cases using a computer. But it can also be done by the production worker visually. The material on which the marriage is detected is removed.
The remaining material is treated with antiseptic substances, which gives it characteristics such as fire resistance and resistance to external influences. The lamellas are then planed, glued and compacted. Gluing is done with waterproof glue, which allows the wood to "breathe", then a package of lamellas goes to the compact. Then the product is subjected to profiling or cylindering. The finished material arrives at warehouses for sale.

So, the planed, profiled and glued bar - building materials, irreplaceable at erection of qualitative buildings.