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Types of screwdrivers: cross, flat, star, indicator. Selection of the instrument for its intended purpose

Virtually every house has a large set of all kinds of tools. However, the most popular item is a screwdriver. This tool is used for installation of outlets, maintenance of vehicles, assembly and disassembly of furniture, repair of household appliances and computers, repair work in the house and so on. At the moment there are many types of screwdrivers.

A bit of history

Different kinds of screwdrivers did not appear right away. Initially, such a tool was something like a spanner. A screwdriver appeared immediately, as the screw was created. It happened around the 17th century. When the heads of hardware started to change, tools with different tips were invented. As a result, screwdrivers appeared. More modern tools can consist of several replacement parts.

What the screwdriver consists of

Lately, many types of screwdrivers have appeared. Each tool has a specific purpose. However, it combines all screwdrivers - a simple construction. A similar tool consists of the following parts:

  • Sting or tip. This working part is a screwdriver. It is this detail of the instrument that determines the main differences between the instruments. From the shape of the tip depends the scope of the screwdriver. Some are designed only for repairing phones and laptops, while others are just for collecting furniture.
  • Kernel. This part of the screwdriver can have different thickness and length. These indicators affect the size of the instrument, as well as the type of hardware with which it can be screwed in or unscrewed.
  • Lever. To this part of the instrument there is only one requirement - ergonomics. The screwdriver should fit comfortably in the hand. There are two types of handles: cylindrical classic, covered with special anti-slip materials, and also T-shaped. The latter option is considered more convenient, since the design significantly increases the torque.

Main types of screwdrivers

Some screwdrivers are equipped with a metal tip. It is located on the end of the handle and can be hexagonal or flat. This screwdriver is a shock. In other words, you can knock on it with a hammer. The main difference between the tools lies in the tip. Today is very popular:

  • Flat or rectilinear;
  • Cross;
  • Cross-shaped with guides;
  • Hexagonal;
  • Screwdriver sprocket.

In addition to the above tools, specialized devices are on sale. Often such screwdrivers are developed by manufacturers of expensive and proprietary equipment that try to protect their products from copying, as well as from unauthorized opening.

Features of tools with a cross tip

The Phillips screwdriver is usually marked with two symbols PH. This is the most common variety. It is worth noting that the two recessed slots on the hardware provide reliable grip with the tool tip. Due to this, the fixation is fixed more reliably. A screw with a screwdriver can be screwed up more tightly than a screw.

If the hardware is made of high-quality metal, rather than raw steel, then it is simply impossible to break the splines of the tool. Screws are used both in everyday life and in professional construction. Therefore, the Phillips screwdriver is used in many areas.

There is another kind of tool. In the furniture industry, a crosshead screwdriver with guides is used. Such a tool has not only a sting, but also additional facets, which provide a more reliable grip with hardware.

Hexagon screwdriver

Such a tool is marked HEX. This screwdriver allows you to apply torque, which is stronger than the analogous indicator of the Phillips screwdriver in 10 times.

Such a tool can be screwed hardware, used to fix certain parts in household appliances and electronics, furniture and so on. A hex screwdriver is used in many areas of industry, as it guarantees a reliable connection.

Features of the tool with a flat tip

Straight-line or, in other words, a flat screwdriver is usually marked with several Latin SL symbols. The main purpose is to screw in or unscrew the screws that have one straight slot on the heads. It should be noted that such hardware is not capable of withstanding heavy loads. Most often it is used for small household repairs.

A flat screwdriver does not allow the screw to screw in tightly, since the original head does not allow tightening the fastener. When you strongly press the hardware, the slot of the tool is often cut off. It is not always possible to unscrew the rusted screw with a flat screwdriver.

Tool-asterisk

The star-screwdriver is marked with TORX symbols. Such tools are infrequent and they are not available in every home. Their peculiarity lies in the extraordinary shape of the tip. Such tools are usually used to fix hardware that is used to protect thin computer and mobile gadgets. The main purpose of such screws is to limit the access of people who do not understand this technique.

Selection rules

Ak has already been said, the size of the screwdrivers can be completely different. Therefore, when choosing such an instrument, special attention should be paid to markings. The code consists not only of letters, but also of numbers. What do they mean? Figures are the size of the product. You can see the following data:

No. 0 - the tool has a rod, 4 mm in diameter and no more than 80 mm in length;

No. 1 - the screwdriver is equipped with a rod with a diameter of 5 millimeters, and a length of 80-100 millimeters;

No. 2 - in this case, the diameter of the rod is 6 millimeters, and the length is 100 to 120 millimeters;

No. 3 - the screwdriver has a rod, diameters of 8 millimeters and a length of 120 to 150 millimeters;

No. 4 - a tool with a rod thickness of 10 millimeters and a length of 150-200 millimeters.

Purpose of screwdrivers for marking

To determine what type of hardware is suitable for this or that screwdriver, it is worthwhile, again, to pay attention to the marking:

No. 0 - suitable for hardware, with a diameter of no more than 2 millimeters;

No. 1 - for screws, the diameter of which is 2.1 - 3 millimeters;

No. 2 - for hardware, diameter 3.1 - 5 millimeters;

No. 3 - for screws with a diameter of 5.1 - 7 millimeters;

No. 4 - for metalware, the diameter of which is more than 7.1 millimeters.

Universal screwdriver

For home use it is better to buy a universal screwdriver. They are sold in large sets and have a lot of baits. Typically, in the handle of such a tool there is a hexagonal recess, as well as a powerful magnet that allows you to hold the sting. By the way, the tips in this case are called bits. Six faces allow you to keep the sting from the turns, and the magnet - from falling out. The last element of the instrument transfers its abilities to the tip. Due to this, the screw or screw keeps on the splines.

It is worth noting that professionals do not use such screwdrivers, since most bits remain unclaimed. But for home use, these kits are ideal. You never know which screwdriver you need.

Screwdriver for electricians

How to use an indicator screwdriver, every electrician knows. This tool has a unique handle that allows you to easily determine where the phase is located, and where zero. It is enough to insert the tip of the screwdriver into the socket. A lit indicator indicates a phase.

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