The stone in the gallbladder.

The stone in the gallbladder is formed as a result of cholelithiasis. This is due to a violation of the exchange of cholesterol and bilirubin and, as a consequence, the formation of deposits in the bladder (cholecystolithiasis), or in the bile duct (choledocholithiasis).

The disease appears due to stagnation of bile and changes in its composition, with inflammatory processes. When it is oversaturated with cholesterol, it precipitates and cholesterol crystals begin to form. Bilirubin stones may appear with increased disintegration of red blood cells. Mixed species combine both forms and contain bilirubin, calcium, cholesterol.

The stone in the gallbladder, the symptoms of which do not appear for a long time, can be detected only as a result of ultrasound. Symptoms of the disease affect the location of stones, the degree of inflammation and damage to other digestive organs.

When the stone in the gall bladder leaves and moves along the ducts, colic attacks appear in the form of sudden and sharp pain on the right side of the upper abdomen. Painful sensations are often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, dry mouth. A pain attack can last up to several hours. The pain itself passes or after the application of pain medications. In order to establish an accurate diagnosis, you must immediately consult a doctor at the first manifestations of the disease.

The stone in the gallbladder can be detected in time only after extensive diagnostic and laboratory tests. First of all, ultrasound and X-ray of the digestive organs are performed. If a controversial situation arises, endoscopy or magnetic resonance cholangiography may be prescribed.

After the carried out researches the consultation at the surgeon is necessary to choose the correct tactics of treatment.

Treatment of cholelithiasis is carried out conservatively or operatively.

The conservative method includes drug treatment and shock wave dissociation. It is used in the formation of cholesterol stones, measuring no more than 15 mm and in the absence of inflammatory processes in the gallbladder.

Preparations containing ursodeoxycholic acid are taken for six months to one year. By their action, these drugs dissolve cholesterol stones. However, with this method of treatment, the probability of re-education is 50%. Such treatment is carried out only under the supervision of the attending physician. Treatment with shock waves allows the fragmentation of large fragments into small parts. After that, you need to take medications ursodeoxycholic acid. Repeated education occurs only in 30% of cases.

When stones in the gallbladder are found, the operation should be carried out in a planned manner. It is advisable before the onset of colic or immediately after it, in order to avoid the development of complications. After the operation, it is necessary to follow a strict individual diet, completely eliminate from the diet fried and fatty foods. Completely eliminate the use of alcoholic beverages.

This disease is dangerous for various complications. In the presence of gallstones, an infection can occur simultaneously that provokes the development of acute cholecystitis. In this case, inflammation of the ducts and a large accumulation of pus are observed. Such complications threaten the health and life of the patient. In all cases, urgent hospitalization is needed in the surgical hospital, to detect the exact location of the stones and further treatment. Otherwise, serious consequences dangerous to life are possible.