Technological connection to electric networks: application, connection

Any newly constructed object of business, production, public or housing sphere is primarily connected to electric grids. Many questions among consumers are caused by the sequence of actions that determine the connection. The technological rationale for a complex process is set out in government regulations and guidelines, where the general connection procedure is divided into the appropriate sections to simplify the work.

Types of objects allowed for technological connection

In the regulatory documents, a list of consumers is registered, which are connected to the general electric networks:

• Buildings that are first put into operation;
• Buildings, previously exploited, but for various reasons requiring increased capacity;
• Objects, without increasing capacity, but changing the category of reliability due to the transition to another type of production or activity.

The rules of technological connection stipulate that a repeated connection procedure is not performed when the owner of the property is changed in ownership. Any claims from the owner of the network on the issue of re-payment of the procedure are not lawful.

Procedure for connecting to electric grids

Connections are conducted in a strictly defined order and includes the steps:

• The consumer submits an application for technological connection to electric networks according to a standard sample;
• A contract is signed to conduct work between the owner of the facility and the owner of the network;
• An organization that owns the power grid prepares technical conditions for existing regulations, they are approved by the system operator and neighboring network owners;
• Engineering and technical staff of the network service produce design documents in accordance with the specifications;
• The consumer orders the project at the institute on his own, all the requirements of the technical conditions must be fulfilled;
• In some cases, Russian legislation on the construction of cities canceled the development of projects for connection;
• The parties fulfill the terms of the contract in connection with the connection;
• The owner of the network organizes a control audit of the performance of the customer TU;
• Legal offices and entrepreneurs working with a power consumption of more than 100 kW and individuals at the same rate of more than 15 kW, are obliged to inspect electrical installations in the presence of a representative of Rostekhnadzor;
• After the inspection, the workers of the network produce the actual connection of the consumer and supply electricity.

Terms in which technological connection to electrical networks is performed

To temporarily connect the owner of the structure for a period of not more than six months, provided the distance of the power lines from the point of consumption is 300 m, the work time is 15 working days. Law firms and industries that require no more than 100 kW of power for their activities and individuals connecting to grids with a voltage of up to 20 kW are waiting for connection until half a year if the source of electricity is in the city no more than 300 m, in the village - 500 m.

Up to one year, the connection to power grids of facilities with a capacity of not more than 750 kW is carried out. If the customer needs a quick connection, the time limits are set in the agreement between the owner of the building and the administration of the network. For more than two years, connections have been made to industries whose equipment requires over 750 kW of power for operation. Terms can be stretched by agreement of the parties up to 4 years, but not more.

Choosing a Network Organization

Near the territory of the business entity may be located several power lines, cable conductors, transformer substations, to which the connection is made. To begin work, the consumer determines with which organization he will work, taking into account the following factors:

• The range of the power source from the receiver;
• Voltage level in nearby networks.

The distance from the boundaries of the site is determined by a straight line to the nearest electrical facility or network. The rules of technological connection stipulate that the consumer connects the equipment to the electrical networks of the class indicated in the application. If the owner of the production wants to connect the section to the lines of higher power, then it is waiting for expensive work on the device of the step-down substation.

If several lines equivalent in terms of connection are passing near the private trader's borders, then the application for technological connection is submitted to any of the network organizations. The absence of closer than 300 m of power sources from the site entitles the consumer to cooperate with any nearby owner.

In response to his application within 15 days, the owner of the source of connection sends to the customer, the connection power of which is determined in the range from 100 to 750 kW, the contract signed for its part and the required specifications. If the private owner indicated in the application not all the required information or there are no necessary documents, the network owners notify him about this fact and explain the list of necessary papers.

Rules of registration of the application

The application for connection to the electricity networks is compiled in duplicate and sent by mail to the address of the network organization by registered mail with the return notification. A list is added to the envelope-an inventory of all the documents sent. In the application of consumers connecting electricity for domestic needs (no more than 15 kW), the following information is indicated:

• Address and place of residence of the applicant;
• The name and address of the site, house, building, which are prepared for connection;
• Terms of project implementation and the stage of commissioning of energy-receiving equipment with time indication for each stage;
• The size of the maximum required power, which is used for connection, the technological justification of the energy load.

Application from legal entities and entrepreneurs

The application for electricity connection of law firms or entrepreneurs, whose production level requires a power of not more than 100 kW, contains four additional information points to the above list of information:

• The name of the enterprise and the details of the owner of the production facilities, the law firms indicate the number in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, individual entrepreneurs - the number in the EGRIP and the date of its placement in the register; physical citizens indicate the last name, first name, patronymic and passport details;
• Distribution of power for all commissioning queues and indication of the reliability category separately for all power devices and devices;
• The type of future energy load, indicating the planned type of economic activity;
• Proposals of the owner regarding the performance of cash settlements and the conditions for granting installment payments for the work done by the network organization.

Documents to the application

Without fail, consumers of all categories attach the following information papers:

• Drawing or a schematic depiction of the location of equipment that is connected to the power supply source;
• Scheme for laying networks of private consumers, through which technological connection to networks is carried out;
• List and technical indicators of all devices that can be connected to devices of emergency control automatics;
• Copies of securities that confirm the right to own property or other legal grounds for consumer facilities;
• If instead of the owner the connection is handled by another person, then the power of attorney for conducting business by the representative of the customer.

Procedure for concluding an agreement

A network connection agreement signed unilaterally is sent to the customer within 15 days of the receipt of his application for accession. The technological justification and conditions in this period are sent to legal entities and entrepreneurs, whose connection capacity is up to 100 kW, or to physical entities connecting to networks with a voltage of up to 15 kW (for domestic consumption).

If it is a question of other consumers not falling under this description, technical documents are sent to them within 30 days from the date of application. Having received the terms and the contract, the applicant examines the documents and, in case of agreement with them, signs the agreement and sends the papers in one copy to the office of the network owner, and leaves the second selection to himself.

If the future consumer does not agree with certain clauses of the contract, or considers it not to comply with the standards, he has the right to send to the organization an informed refusal to sign and demand that the provisions of the contract be corrected in accordance with the law. In order to prevent conflict, such documents are sent by registered mail with the return notification of delivery.

The network administration is obliged to investigate the received papers, and send a response to the consumer within 5 days of receipt of the rejection letter. To sign the contract or a reasoned refusal to do so, the consumer is given a period of one month. If after this time there is no action on his part, then the application for connection is canceled.

Important clauses of the contract

Any contract contains the following conditions that are important for making the connection:

• List of measures to be performed if technological connection of power devices is carried out;
• Obligations of the two parties to fulfill the contract;
• The end date of each stage of technological connection;
• Determination of liability in case of violation of each clause of the contract, established in accordance with the norms of the law;
• The measure of the operational responsibility of the parties and the measure of the boundaries of the balance sheet ownership of electric networks;
• Payment for technological connection in accordance with the norms;
• The order of payment for work and the method of transfer of finance.

Administration of the network organization can not force the consumer to perform actions not specified in the technological conditions of connection. The company does not have the right to require the consumer to sign contracts with third parties, for example, with organizations for project development, with contractors for the installation of structures and networks, and others. The contract of interaction with the administration of the network comes into force from the date of its receipt, signed by the consumer.

Network connection fee

For subscribers who connect to a network with a capacity of up to 15 kW, taking into account existing equipment, the cost is 550 rubles for each kilowatt of energy that determines the connection. The technological rationale and technical specifications are included in the cost. The price for joining large and medium-sized businesses is much higher.

Citizens who are members of non-profit associations are supplied with electricity by a common meter and are calculated as a product of the number of members of the collective and the amount of 550 rubles, provided that each consumes no more than 15 kW.

Other categories of users pay for connection at tariffs set by local authorities in terms of state regulation of prices. The fee can be calculated based on standardized rates for the construction of power plants or typical connection rates. Technological connection at standard rates denotes that the network organization calculates the fee using the rates of electrotechnical profile approved by the REC.

The consumer has the right to independently build networks with the condition of meeting all technical conditions if he considers that this option is more beneficial for him. In this case, the payment from it is taken only for the required capacity, the technological connection is drawn up by the network organization without any claims in this regard.

Unauthorized connection to electrical networks

Some unscrupulous consumers join the sources of electrical energy, applying it for their own benefit or household use, without paying the cost of the current consumed. For such an unauthorized violation of the law, serious fines are foreseen.

For use in the mercenary purposes of the electric power in circumvention of the counter financial sanctions which are calculated separately for each individual infringer are applied. Illegal connection to power networks is determined by the formula, the main components of which include the duration of unauthorized connection and the capacity of the line at the connection point. This calculation rule works the same for a multi-storey house and for the private sector. Determination of the fine is performed:

• Taking into account consumer tariffs for this group and in accordance with the voltage class;
• The calculated daily consumption of electricity at a given point;
• Is the number of days during which a violation occurred while using electricity.

Connecting electricity to the house from the pillar

Questions of electrification are dealt with, respectively, by network companies issuing special permits for independent connection to a voltage source, they also produce such inserts. To connect electricity to a residential building, a request is made for permission to connect and use electric current according to the conditions provided by the company.

After obtaining permission, you can connect electricity to the house with your own hands. It does not take much time, but first you need to decide how to lay the cable to connect the house to the power grid:

• Air-laying;
• Wiring in a hidden way (underground).

Through the post is carried out by air. This is the most common way of bringing electricity to the house, it is carried out using a cable with a supporting cable or a reinforced wire is used. A strong metal wire with a cross section of at least 3 mm is attached to the simple cable of the required cross-section by means of fastening clamps.

The finished reinforced cable is a self-supporting insulated wire that consists of conductive conductors, insulation, and inside is a cable, giving the cable the required strength against gusts of wind and icing in the winter. For a private house, a cable of the type SIP-4 is used, in which the veins are made of aluminum or steel. The choice of cable is carried out depending on how much the wiring costs and how this will affect the material position of the consumer.

To fix the wire use special clamps of the type of anchors, which put one for each vein. Air branching is done with the use of anchors by the type of twins. Through the wall, the wiring is passed through the pipe, then connected to the meter. If the outside of the house provides for the installation of a stabilizer, then for its fastening a shield is made.

In conclusion, it should be noted that all the rules and regulations on which technological connection of power receivers are performed are described in the SNiP documents, guided by which, the consumer can easily perform connection from the pole by air method. After inspecting the work, the representative of the controlling organization draws up an appropriate acceptance certificate, and the connection of electricity to the residential building is considered complete.