Fibrocystic mastopathy: etiology and treatment

Fibrocystic mastopathy is a pathology characterized by the formation of benign seals. This pathology occurs when the hormonal status of the organism is violated. It should be noted that women of the reproductive age are the most sensitive to the disease.

The pathogenesis of the disease is clearly associated with the physiological characteristics of the female body. The reproductive age is characterized by manifestations of a two-phase menstrual cycle, which is regulated by the use of female sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone). These hormones also affect the proliferation (multiplication) of breast cells. The hormone progesterone is synthesized during the II phase of the menstrual cycle, it inhibits cell proliferation. During the individual menstrual cycle, the mammary glands increase in volume, swell, and then return to normal. As a result of the action of hormones, the mammary glands increase in volume, and the milk ducts narrow down. All this leads to fluid retention in the tissues of the breast. Therefore, the chest during this period becomes very sensitive and painful, sometimes under the skin palpable nodules. As a rule, after menstruation, these painful sensations pass, and nodules and hypersensitivity disappears.

In this regard, the best period for breast examination is the seventh or tenth day after the onset of the menstrual cycle. At this time, breast tissue is in its normal state. Under the influence of different factors, a kind of imbalance of hormones develops . Diffuse fibrotic mastopathy can also occur due to an excessive amount of prolactin in the body. This hormone is produced by the adenohypophysis. Normally, prolactin is synthesized during pregnancy and lactation. Important factors in the development of mastopathy are microelementosis, depression, smoking, neurosis, abortion, breast trauma, alcohol consumption, etc.

Fibrocystic mastopathy is diagnosed by a mammologian. Additional methods of research are biopsy and mammography. Fortunately, only 5% of cases reveal fibrocystic changes, which can cause a malignant tumor.

Fibrous mastopathy: treatment.

The scheme of therapeutic actions depends mainly on the type and etiology of the disease. Treatment of mastopathy is carried out conservatively or surgically.

Fibrocystic mastopathy: hormone therapy.

The treatment is aimed at optimizing and restoring the hormonal background of the body. This type of therapy is carried out with the use of the following drugs: oral estrogen-gestagennye contraceptives ("Marvelon", "Zhanin"), recommend to women up to thirty-five years on a special scheme; Antiestrogenic drugs ("Tamoxifen", "Fareston") are taken for three months with daily use; Gestagenic preparations ("Utrozhestan", "Dyufaston") are prescribed during the II phase of the cycle of menstruation from 15 to 25 days; To reduce the formation of prolactin prescribe the drug "Parlodel", which is taken from 10 to 25 day of the monthly cycle; Male sex hormones - androgens ("Methyltestosterone") are taken from the 16th to the 25th day of the female cycle, but these hormones are rarely prescribed because they are the cause of increased hair loss.

Fibrocystic mastopathy: non-hormonal treatment.

To do this, non-hormonal drugs are prescribed: phytopreparations, vitamins, and anti-inflammatory drugs ("Dicloburn", "Diclofenac"). Recently, the most popular drug for the treatment of mastopathy is Mastodin. The mechanism of its action is aimed at reducing the concentration of the hormone-prolactin in the blood. This in turn contributes to the elimination of inflammatory processes in the parenchyma of the breast. The drug "Mastodin" perfectly removes the main symptoms of the disease. Patients whose etiology of the disease is associated with neuroses, stress or depression are prescribed sedentary therapy. Replacement therapy with vitamins (A, E, B and C), antioxidants, and preparations of Yoda, Zinc and Selen (Selenium-Active, Zincosan, Yodomarin, Yoddicerin, Iodine -activity "," Yodtiroks ").