What is due to single mothers: benefits, benefits, benefits, subsidies

The Russian Federation is a socially oriented state. Caring for citizens is a priority task of the authorities. Extremely topical today is the issue of benefits to single women with children. What privileges are laid by a single mother in Russia? This article will provide a detailed answer to this question.

Single mother: who is this according to the law?

The number of divorces in the Russian Federation has only been growing over time. You can guess and argue for a long time what is the cause. It can be an economically unstable situation in the state, and, perhaps, an ordinary change of morals. Most families with broken families have children. As a rule, the court leaves the children with their mother. Today, a single mother is not a rare phenomenon. At the same time, according to the law, not all divorced women with a child have this status. Why does this happen?

According to the current legislation, divorce with a spouse does not automatically make a woman a "lonely mother." Such status is enjoyed only by those women who gave birth to a child out of wedlock. A single mother in Russia is a person to whom the following factors can be attributed:

• There is no joint statement of both parents;
• In this same statement there is a dash in the paternity graph;
• A woman gave birth to a child earlier than 300 days after the divorce (but in this case it requires a confession from a woman that her former spouse is not the father of the baby);
• A woman adopted a child, while not being married.

Also, it should be borne in mind that a woman who does not have the status of a "single mother" is one of the following criteria:

• Her husband was deprived of parental rights;
• Her husband died;
• The baby's father is installed, and his data is inscribed in the documents; While he himself is not the spouse of the woman who gave birth to the child;
• For one reason or another, the mother does not receive alimony from the child's father.

Thus, not all single women with a child are capable of possessing the legal status of a "single mother".

Rights of single mothers

Women who have the legal status of "single mothers" have a number of rights that should be identified further. The Russian law reads as follows:

• The state monthly allowance to single mothers should be paid on time and in full, without delays and other problems. The woman should learn about the amount of money received in the Department of Social Protection, located at the place of her registration.
• In addition to the full state allowance, a single woman with a child has the right to receive payments of a regional nature. Such subsidies to single mothers should be paid on a regular basis.

• A woman with this status has the right to arrange a child in some pre-school institutions out of turn (but not all!). Here it is worth noting the benefits to pay for keeping a child in a kindergarten.
• Benefits, subsidies and various payments are reserved for a woman even when she is getting married. The right to the benefits offered will be lost only when the new spouse adopts the child.
• If a single mother is officially employed, she is entitled to leave at any time that is convenient for her.
• A single woman with a child can not be attracted to overtime without her own consent.
• School meals, as well as a set of textbooks for a single mother child will be free.
• A single mother has the right to receive certain benefits when buying certain medicines for a child; A child is entitled to a free visit to the massage room at the local polyclinic.

This is not all the rights that an unmarried woman with a child legally possesses. What is due to single mothers besides all of the above? This will be discussed later.

About the work schedule of a single mother

Regardless of where an unmarried woman with a child works, the management of enterprises must adhere to the requirements of the Labor Code. What exactly does this document say about single mothers? If it is a question of the labor schedule, here it is necessary to allocate the following moments:

• An unmarried woman with a child under 5 years old is able to work at night (22 to 6 am) only if she herself agrees, and if she has no contraindications for health. The employer has no right to force the mother alone to night shifts (only if the work itself does not involve night service - for example, the profession of a night watchman).
• If a woman has a child who has not reached the age of three years, then her involvement in official business and overtime work is possible only with written consent.
• A single mother with a child under 14 years of age or a disabled child under the age of 18 is able to apply for part-time work.
• A woman with a disabled child can claim four additional days off per month.
• A woman raising a child under 14 years of age may be provided with a two-week unpaid leave at any convenient time under a collective agreement.

The salary of a single mother (if it is not a question of benefits) can not be increased simply for that matter. A woman is not able to legally claim a special salary or increased hourly pay only because she has a child.

Separately it is necessary to tell about the procedure of dismissal. A woman raising a child under 14 years of age, or a disabled child under the age of 18, can not be dismissed for reduction. Exceptions can only be made by the following cases:

• The organization is completely liquidated;
• A woman does not fulfill periodically, or performs poorly her labor duties;
• The woman committed a major immoral act;
• The employee has violated her duties (she came intoxicated, committed theft, violated labor protection, divulged professional secrecy, etc.);
• A woman got a job on fictitious documents.

In case of unlawful dismissal, a woman can be reinstated in the workplace or seek compensation through a court.

Tax deduction

What is a tax deduction? Specialists give the following wording - this is the established amount of income of working people, with which personal income tax is not collected. Due to the tax deduction, the size of the wage is increased.

Tax deductions relied on certain categories of citizens, including single mothers. Deduction is always standard and independent of the well-being of the person. So, as of 2017, the following figures should be highlighted here:

• 2 800 rubles for the first two children;
• 6 thousand rubles for the third and any next child;
• 24 thousand rubles for a child with a disability.

In this case, personal income tax will be levied in the event that a citizen will receive more than 350 thousand a year (about 30 thousand per month). Affects this rule and the status of a person as a "single mother". The second child here, unfortunately, will not play any role. Depending on how much a single mother receives, and the state of the tax deduction will depend.

Separately it is necessary to tell about how it is possible to receive a privilege on personal income tax. All documents must be submitted at the place of work. A statement is written that the employer will provide; The following documents are attached to it:

• The birth certificate of the child;
• Certificate from the housing office about residence;
• Document from the registry office about the absence of the father;
• Mother's passport;
• If necessary - a certificate of the disability of the child or a certificate from the school.

All deductions will be provided by the employer.

About hospital care

What should the single mothers do when receiving sick leave? Strangely enough, nothing special. It should be noted right away that there are no special privileges for getting a sick leave sheet for single mothers. In this case, everything is exactly the same as in the case of married women; Conversations about any priorities and "lack of queues" will be nothing more than rumors. And nevertheless, it is worthwhile to pay attention to this topic.

FZ "On compulsory social insurance," namely, his sixth article, fixes the following rules for obtaining sick lists:

• If the child is not 7 years old, then the entire treatment period should not exceed 60 days per year (for one particular child). If the disease is particularly serious, the term of the sick-list can be up to 90 days.
• If the child is between 7 and 15 years old, the hospital's term for the mother can not exceed 15 days per year.
• If the child is between 15 and 18 years old, the mother can take a sick leave for no more than 3 days (may last up to one week).

Are hospital subsidies intended for single mothers? The law mentions payments in outpatient care. Thus, the amount of a single mother's benefit in this case can be:

• 100% of earnings with working experience of more than eight years;
• 80% of the average salary for seniority from five to eight years;
• 60% of the average earnings with experience less than five years.

Thus, the question of what is due to single mothers when taking a hospital, can be considered closed. The answer is simple: practically nothing; Here all the same rules apply as for the rest of the people.

Admission to kindergarten: what benefits are laid by a single mother?

As is known, the activity of kindergartens in the Russian Federation is regulated at the municipal level. This means only one thing: the conditions and features of admission of children in such institutions can vary greatly depending on the region.

What privileges are laid by a single mother when her child is registered in a kindergarten? Until 2008 there was a legal recommendation in the country for the adoption of single mothers without queues. Later this position was removed. For some reason, some citizens even ten years later are sure that there are still single benefits here. This, of course, is not so. As of 2017, there are no indulgences for single mothers in this sphere, unfortunately. Certainly, some kindergartens can still accept groups of people without a queue. This is done, as a rule, for the purposes of self-promotion or an upgrade of the rating.

In which cities do kindergartens accept children from incomplete families out of turn? Certainly, the data can change; But for 2017 this is Moscow (according to order No. 1310), Ekaterinburg, Angarsk, Irkutsk region and some other regions.

What conclusion can be drawn here? Kindergartens today do not operate under uniform rules. Even a "poor single mother with a disability" can not claim any benefits if they are not established in the region. Compensation for a kindergarten to single mothers is also not relied upon - all this has long been left in the past. There can be only one way out: to find out whether there are benefits to a reception in a particular locality, in a particular kindergarten.

Obtaining housing by a single mother

Is it cheap or completely free housing for single mothers? Unambiguously here, unfortunately, it does not work out. It starts with the most important: there are no special privileges and rules for getting a home for single mothers in Russia. There is an opportunity to queue up for an apartment, to participate in state subsidized programs - but no more. The entire procedure for obtaining housing will be exactly the same as with ordinary, full families.

At the moment, the program "Young Family" is operating in the country, according to which from 2015 to 2020 the state will pay citizens with children about 35% of the total cost of purchased housing. The details of the program, as usual, will depend on the region.

What is due to single mothers on the submitted program? Everything is the same as for ordinary families. To get a home according to the conditions of the "Young Family" it is necessary:

• Have Russian citizenship;
• To prove the absence of other housing;
• Apply to the district administration at the place of residence;
• Get into the common housing queue.

If the family needs to improve housing conditions, then the state will take into account the following factors:

• The area of the present residential premises is below the regional standards;
• Living in a dwelling does not comply with sanitary and hygienic standards;
• The family lives in a communal apartment;
• In the family there is a sick person, living next to which can be dangerous to health.

Separately, you need to take into account the income of a woman. So, depending on how much a single mother receives, the state program will be calculated.

Additional payments

Decree of the Moscow Government No. 816-PP provides for the regular payment of benefits to single mothers from the city budget. So, a single woman with a child has the right to receive the following subsidies:

• 300 rubles per month for children under the age of 16;
• 675 rubles a month are due to mothers, as well as to parents whose former spouses do not pay child support for children under three years;
• 6 thousand rubles each month is due to a single mother or father whose child has not reached the age of 18 and is disabled by 1 or 2 groups. If such a child is employed, the payments are terminated.

Separately, it is worth talking about payments to women whose income is below the subsistence level. The law reads as follows:

• The amount of the allowance of a single mother who has a child under 16 years of age must be 750 rubles a month;
• 2 500 rubles are allocated to single mothers whose children have not reached the age of 1.5 years, or whose age ranges from 3 to 18 years;
• 4 500 rubles are paid to single mothers whose children age from 1.5 to 3 years.

In order for each of the submitted payments to be received promptly and in full, every three months you will have to submit a certificate of income to the social protection authorities. The optimal period for filing such a statement will be one in which the total income will not fall into maternity payments.

Required Documentation

How can a single mother confirm her status? What documents should be collected for this? It should be noted right away that different types of documentation will be needed for different kinds of situations. It all depends on what kind of subsidies and benefits a single woman wants with a child.

The first and most important thing that a single mother should have is a certificate of the birth of a child with a dash in the column about the father. Only with the help of this document will a woman be able to confirm her status as a single mother. If the certificate still has information about the biological father, but with the words of the mother, you will have to get a special form number 25. They apply for it, as a rule, in the registry office. There it will also need to be filled. Having received the certificate of conferring the status of "single mother", the woman takes him to the district department of urban social protection.

What documents does the mother have to collect to receive a monthly child benefit? The law in this case regulates the following types of documentation:

• Mother's passport;
• A statement on the status of a "single mother";
• The birth certificate of the child;
• A stamp in the mother's passport about the child's nationality;
• Certificate from the Housing Office about the composition of the family (it must be confirmed that the mother does live with the child);
• If necessary, form No. 25 from the Registry Office;
• A statement of the mother's income (a paper from the employment service, or a regular work record book).

Naturally, each of the submitted documents must be copied and attached to the main package.

The result

It is worth summarizing all of the above, illustrating all the main types of benefits for single mothers. If it is a matter of social benefits, it is worth mentioning:

• Sets of children's dowry for a newborn child;
• Compensation of the price of children's food products (if the child is not three years old);
• Natural benefits for children under the age of three;
• The possibility not to pay the housing office for garbage collection and cleaning if the mother has a child who has not reached the age of one and a half;
• Free medicines for a child under the age of three.

If we are talking about labor benefits, then here it is worth highlighting:

• The inability to fire a single mother with cuts;
• Benefits of a single mother in the liquidation of an organization;
• Full payment of the sick-list if the child is seven years old;
• The right to small additional holidays;
• The right to establish part-time work (if the child is not 14 years old);
• The inability to deny a single mother when hiring (otherwise, the reason for the refusal should be described and proven in detail).

Of course, there are other benefits. However, all of them depend on the region and type of enterprise (educational, preschool, cultural, etc.).