LawState and Law

System of Public Administration in Russia

The system of state administration is a specific type of government activity. It has its own peculiarities that distinguish it from other manifestations of power (for example, judicial, executive or legislative), as well as from other management activities of various public associations and other formations (commercial structures, labor collectives and others). The structure of public administration is considered a form of social regulation. With its activities traditionally associated with the formation of a special legal branch - administrative law.

The term "public administration system" is widely used by many authors of foreign and domestic scientific literature. In addition, this definition is also present in the legislation of different countries. In Russia, this term has been used for more than seventy years, there were constitutional grounds for isolating this type of governmental activity. In the RF Constitution in 1993, this definition was replaced by a combination of "executive power". The Basic Law of the country proclaimed the principle according to which the power is divided into three branches. Thus, the judicial, legislative and executive branches are singled out.

In this regard, a special interest for many authors is the ratio of public administration and executive power.

Each activity includes decision, execution (realization) and control over execution. The system of government in Russia until the eighties was divided into government and judicial bodies. At the same time, each branch fulfilled government tasks to one degree or another. So, the goals of public administration, which were carried out by the government authorities, were to solve especially important issues relating to the political and public life of the country. This branch of power carried out the adoption of laws, their implementation. Judicial bodies also performed law enforcement functions.

There are certain signs that characterize the role and place of the public administration system within the framework of the separation of powers. Thus, it is determined that this activity has an executive-administrative character. The main direction is the implementation of by-laws and laws. This goal is realized by means of the necessary legal authorities (management).

It should be noted that public administration is considered the prerogative of special subjects. It is carried out in the course of direct and day-to-day management of socio-cultural, economic, as well as administrative and political construction. Immediate nature is due to the fact that it is in the organizational subordination (management) of the state administration bodies that the main number of property objects is included. Thus, the quality of the government as the owner of the main production assets was expressed.

Together with this, state administration is considered to be a subordinate activity. It is carried out pursuant to and on the basis of the law, while being secondary to legislative activity.

To these features, you need to add some specific characteristics. So, for example, among them hierarchy (subordination, verticality) of the state administration system, the right to exercise power legal powers in extrajudicial (administrative) order. In addition, there is also the possibility provided for by law to carry out administrative lawmaking.

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