Repair of motherboards by own hands. Malfunction of the motherboard

Any electronics will eventually fail. However, not all computer equipment owners are able to understand the cause of this or that electronic malfunction. Now from the start we are surprised: the successful repair of motherboards with their own hands is possible and quite realistic even in the performance of a beginner. It's hard to believe, but practice shows that only a small percentage of computing devices that have entered service centers in a state of full or partial inoperability really require a complex recovery process. The remaining "electronic troubles" are resolved quickly and on site, that is, without the use of complex repair equipment and specialized computer knowledge. Those who believe in themselves and their abilities, who do not want to lose time and money - are devoted to the article.

The most essential thing for the success of an enterprise ...

In order to repair motherboards with your own hands, you need very little patience and some basic knowledge. So, first of all, calm down - you will succeed. Concerning the last condition - we read and remember the following:

• Do not forget that the computer is powered from the mains, which leads to a logical conclusion: you need to follow the known to you (otherwise you need to carefully study the question) security measures - this is important!
• The second - without a cross-like and a conventional screwdriver just can not do.
• Third - if you want to understand the maximum how to repair motherboards with your own hands, then you need to arm yourself with a multimeter.

And before completing this section, the last condition: maximum attention and increased caution in the work. As you can see, there really is not much listed. However, there is one more point that should be mentioned: the components of the computer system can be damaged by static stress. Therefore, your body needs to be discharged. Touch an unpainted part of the central heating battery or touch another grounded object. During the repair work with the PC, periodically repeat the "unloading scenario".

Typical malfunction of the motherboard

• The most common failures are computer system connectors: COM, PS / 2 and USB. In the event that the user permanently connects any mobile device for data transmission or uses another peripheral device, it may well be that the heavily used port will be mechanically damaged.
• Power surges are detrimental to all computer components. As a rule, as a result of such differences, fuses and passive electronic components of the system, for example, capacitors, are burned first.
• If one of the coolers is out of order, then when you turn on the computer, most likely, the thermal protection will work. It will be impossible to turn on the PC.
• Very rarely, but still relevant for the list of "motherboard malfunction": the BIOS firmware fails. In this case, the computer can respond to the power-up command, but its "live" state is usually limited.

What to do when some connector on the board does not work

First of all, make sure the connected device is working properly. It is not excluded that as a result of mechanical influence the integrity of the solder itself was violated. Gently walk through the soldering iron (40 watts - quite acceptable power) at the junction of the nest details. Replacement of the port is more time consuming and often involves the danger of disabling the components of the strapping that are adjacent to the dismantled part. So the motherboard is arranged, therefore it is better to contact the specialist with the problem that has arisen. By the way, it may well happen that the connector you are interested in is disabled in the BIOS settings. Go to the base system and check to see if this is true.

How to get rid of "deadly" messages

If your PC systematically "falls" into the unknown, and the screen is flooded with blue color and incomprehensible white text, you should pay attention to the critical components of the system.

• Perhaps the CPU is overheating due to a defective cooling system.
• The RAM does not match the configuration of the PC or is physically damaged.
• The hard drive has exhausted its working limit or needs software repair.

Misuse of any of the above components of the system can lead to a deplorable situation - you will need a complicated repair of the computer's motherboard. Remember that the most important enemy of computing devices is overheating. The cooling system should always be functional, and the fans should have sufficient power to ensure the optimum temperature regime for the stable operation of all hardware components of the system.

In addition to the above: BIOS prompts

Do not panic if your PC issues unnatural sounds at the time of launch - this is signaled to the BIOS by a specific fault. Due to the different versions and typical disconnection of computing devices, each separately presented manufacturer uses its own signal scheme. Therefore, one can not say unequivocally what the short "peak" and the long "pi-i-i" will mean. Decoding of audio messages can be found on the official site of the manufacturer of a specific device. Then proceed according to the information received. By the way, do not forget to replace the battery on the board. However, in some cases, when you need to rebuild the BIOS chip, you may need special equipment - a programmer.

What if the computer does not react at all?

So, how can we perform an independent repair of the motherboard under such conditions of failure? A practical example with step-by-step recommendations is waiting for you, dear reader. It is worth noting that in the course of the behavior of the diagnostic method described below, a multimeter is required.

• Turn on the computer and make sure that the LED on the motherboard is on - its active state indicates that there is a standby voltage on the main board.
• In the case when there is no such indicator, it is necessary to connect a known good power supply.

• If the result is still zero, that is, when the PC starts "silent", disconnect all attachments: remove the CPU cooling cooler and the processor itself, remove the memory slots from the special slots, disconnect the hard disk, discrete video card and network adapters.
• Carefully inspect the motherboard for oxidation and physical damage. You may find inflated capacitors or other failed components.
• Relying on the marking of defective parts, replace them.

As you can see, repairing motherboards with your own hands is, in general, quite an easy process, but some difficulties still await you further.

A more advanced method of diagnosing a malfunction

When the PSU is turned on, tap the network, audio and chipset chips with your finger, sequentially and gently. If you feel that any of the parts is excessively heated, then the solution is to go to the service shop. All is well - we go further.

• Some motherboards are capable of running without a CPU installed, under this condition, you can measure the voltage on the board's power bus and make sure that the converter is working.
• Set the multimeter to the "20 volts" position.
• Plug the dipstick into the power terminal of the PSU (on the ground), and the plus one in turn touch the lower leg of each throttle (they are located in close proximity to the socket of the motherboard). If the output is close to 0.8, everything is fine. Otherwise, it is necessary to find the punched transistor from the power supply or replace the faulty voltage regulator. Of course, all this is done after you briefly touch the positive probe of the Power Bat starting contact.

Finally

The main points of how to repair motherboards, we reviewed. However, in view of the incredible variety of reasons for non-inclusion and various system "glitches", the ways of diagnosing and restoring the motherboard's working capacity can be incapable. Nevertheless, now you have some knowledge, which, of course, will help you to return to your "life" your favorite computer. All you good and successful processes to restore motherboards!