Preparation of concrete. Proportions of main components

Concrete is an artificially created material obtained from three components: a binder, a filler and a solvent. Presenting our life without this building material is quite difficult, it is used for building the foundations of buildings, creating concrete decorative elements, sidewalks. It is widely used in various areas of human activity. This is a relatively inexpensive material, and its dissemination is justified from the economic, ecological and functional points of view.

Preparation of concrete: proportions

The binding material is cement - a mineral powdered astringent, which when added with water forms a plastic "dough". Mass eventually withers and becomes stone-like. Designs come with varying degrees of operational load. The right preparation of concrete depends on this. The proportions in its composition Cement as a connecting element and other components are of particular importance both financially and functionally. Main types: Portland cement, slag and alumina. In order not to be mistaken with the choice of material and not to get confused in the cavalcade of the brands and destinations of this or that product, get advice from the seller or read the instruction.

Water is needed for the dilution of concrete. With this component you should be more careful. A large amount of water not only affects the structure of the mass, but also worsens its laying. The same result is obtained if its deficiency is present. When the preparation of concrete is in progress, the proportions of water to other parts must be strictly observed.

The third component is the placeholder. They can act immediately two materials - gravel or crushed stone. Gravel is a rounded debris of loose sedimentary rock with a size of 2 to 20 mm. It allows you to make it more economical to prepare concrete. The proportions of this component in its composition are directly proportional to the desired degree of strength of the material being produced. There is no need to do overexpenditure of cement, adding the right amount of this or that ingredient will provide you with a reliable design. Gravel can be sea, river, lake. Crushed stone has a similar function. It is already fragments of rocks or artificial stone materials with an average size of 5-25 mm. In some places, gravel is cheaper, in others - rubble. Depending on your region, you can choose a material that is more affordable.

Below in the table are the volumes of all components necessary for the preparation of concrete by hand. The proportions are averaged, taking into account that the main ingredient is cement, the total mass is 1 ten liter bucket (16 kg).

It should be taken into account: the smaller the size of the aggregate, the more water and cement is required. For large volumes, the option is preferable: the preparation of concrete in a concrete mixer. The proportions are similar, the order of adding the ingredients is as follows: water, then cement and gravel.