Complex projects of "smart" houses: technology, description, tasks

The projects of "smart" houses assume residential buildings that are equipped with high-tech devices and automation.

general description

Under the above expression, it is worthwhile to understand the system that provides resource-saving and safety, as well as comfort for each user. In the simplest case, it has the ability to recognize certain situations that occur in the home, as well as respond appropriately to them. Thus, one of the systems is able to control the behavior of others according to the algorithms developed. This is easier to understand if one can imagine that the heating system does not function against the air conditioning system. Heating of the house is carried out according to the weather and taking into account many other factors. Among the latter one can distinguish the strength of the wind and the time of day. For example, at night the most comfortable temperature is less than during the day. This concept can be called the most progressive in the interaction of man with living space. Projects of smart houses exclude the need to use several consoles, switches and individual control units. This concerns the viewing of television broadcasts, lighting control, as well as burglar and video surveillance systems.

Technologies

Projects of smart houses can be created on the basis of several or one protocol / platform. With their help, the subsystems of the house are linked together into a single network. LanDrive, for example, is the most affordable platform for bus-based distributed control systems, including street and interior lighting, electrical appliances, power loads, air conditioning, access control, and water leaks. Among other things, it is possible to manage video and audio equipment, roller shutters, pumps, home theaters, blinds, curtains and engines. Most often this system is used in the composition of a smart house, but recently it has been increasingly seen as part of the system of saving and accounting of energy resources, access control of fire and security systems.

TELETASK is a protocol / bus that is intended for home automation of premises and buildings, where the owner is for a long time. This includes hotels, cottages, offices and apartments. The control protocol X10 is designed to automate the control of electrical appliances. The signal is fed by wire or radio. Among the shortcomings can be identified a low information transfer rate, the possibility of a false alarm problem, as well as the lack of feedback. 1-Wire is a technology that allows devices and sensors to be connected to a single network controlled by a personal computer. One wire is used to transmit information in this network. This technology differs in its simplicity of installation and low cost.

Air conditioning and heating system

The projects of "smart" houses assume the presence of air conditioning, heating and ventilation systems. With the help of this technology, it is possible to provide a constant temperature, fresh air intake and a predetermined humidity level. Among other things, the technology is able to save energy by economically applying the use of internal environment temperature. There may be mechanisms for automatically closing and opening the windows for the arrival of warm and cold air at certain times of the day. Control is through the air conditioning network.

Lighting system

Considering the tasks of the "Smart Home" project, one can single out the highest degree of comfort of a person's residence. Among other technologies, it is possible to distinguish a lighting system that controls the level of light. This technology is also used to save electricity. To achieve such an effect is possible due to the use of natural light. Among the subsystems, it is possible to single out automation for switching off and on of light at certain intervals of the day, motion detectors, automatics for closing the opening of shutters, as well as adjusting the transparency of special glasses.

Power supply system

The purpose of the project "Smart House", in addition to the above tasks, is also in the uninterrupted power supply of the electricity system. This is achieved by switching to alternative sources. Among the subsystems, it is possible to single out industrial UPS, automatic reserve input, and diesel generators.

Safety system

This includes control access to the inside of the building, video surveillance, tracking systems by remote control, fire and burglar alarm. The system provides protection against leaks, the occurrence of which blocks the water supply at the bay of the premises. Carrying out of installation works assumes the presence of special sensors and cranes, which are able to detect problem situations. The owner can use the system of remote information on the situation in the house, on the site or in the apartment. Control can be done using the phone.

Access to the house

A ready project of a "smart" house must necessarily assume a host meeting using the appropriate technology. Thus, the lighting should be used above the gate or the entrance door. Control is possible to carry out with the help of motion sensors, as well as remote key fobs. The latter option allows you to turn on the lighting even before the entrance of the car.

Courtyard

When a project on Smart House technology is being drafted, a plan is created to illuminate the inner yard of the yard. Control can be carried out at once in three ways, namely: by means of sensors, by schedule or by means of switches. There is a need to add the control capability from the alarm. "Smart" house has the ability to specify the lighting groups and the time of their use. For example, before 23:00, in case of motion detection, the system can use the main lighting at full brightness. Then, after this time, the intensity can be reduced by 50%. If the owner arrived after 24:00, only the paths can light up in the courtyard.

entrance to the house

Making up the project "Smart House" (7th grade of complexity), you can take into account the presence of a controller, which can be in one or several copies. It is necessary for processing information coming from the doorphone screen. With a person you can talk on any phone, since each device is connected to a micro-MTS. If there is no one at home, the guest image will be immediately sent to the e-mail, after which the host will be able to decide whether to let the visitor inside or leave it without attention. The alarm will be turned off by dialing a secret code over the phone.

Entrance hall

If you are considering a project on "Smart Home", you can not fail to pay attention to the lighting system in the hallway. The light in this part of the house is switched on automatically at night. Technology saves the owner from having to use various kinds of buttons. On sale you can find all kinds of automation devices, they will allow you to analyze from what room and at what hour a person went into the hallway. At the same time, the light is switched on to the required brightness level. A smooth switch-on does not lead to a frequent burnout of the lamps, prolonging their service life. Such systems are most often installed in access areas or premises, which are used rarely. Functional and creative project "Smart House" provides in the hallway the presence of a useful device that is responsible for switching off the entire lighting of the building by pressing just one button. Once it is operational, you do not have to go around the whole territory to test the light. Among other things, pressing this button can cause some of the outlets to be turned off, to which fire-dangerous devices are most often connected by the type of irons.

Living room

The creative project "Smart House" guarantees a comfortable stay in the main building. This is a living room, in which there should be a lot of light. There is often installed a home theater. Here, up to 10 lighting groups are most often installed. Next to the light switches, it is advisable to arrange the control buttons, which are responsible for a certain light scene. For example, you can consider a previously recorded sequence of actions, which is called a macro. If the family decided to watch a movie, then it will be necessary to sit on the sofa and press just one button. Curtains in this case are closed, certain groups of light are muffled, and the rest are completely taken out of action. The first two minutes the backlight works at 50%, then after this time it goes out completely. When a creative project "Smart House" (grade 7) is compiled, the technology of which can presuppose the presence of all the above-described systems, programming is provided by means of a remote control. Through this tool it is possible to manage all the equipment.

Bedroom

This room should be one of the most comfortable. However, automation takes place here too. Sometimes the owner goes to bed in order to read the book, but after a while understands that there is a need to turn off the light, and also to muffle it in other rooms. Such raids before going to bed can not be called pleasant, but they still have to be done. With the system "Smart House" you can forget about this, since in the bedroom most often there is a button that removes all the rest of the lighting in the house. To do this, you can use a radio switch, which is mounted on the wall and has a thickness of 7 millimeters. Fixation of this element can be carried out on any surface, including the back of the bed. With this switch you can control the curtains and the lighting of the room itself.

In the bedroom it is advisable to install another automation system, which will be responsible for the temperature. During sleep, experts recommend maintaining its level in the range of 14 to 18 degrees. In the morning get out from under the blanket in a cool indoor climate does not want. The "Smart House" system is able to solve this problem. After the lights out, the thermometer's column gradually reaches the necessary mark, and closer to awakening it rises to a comfortable one during the day's wakefulness. In summer, air conditioning will be responsible for this, while in the winter time there is an electromagnetic valve. It corrects the flow of coolant in the heating system. When a creative project "Smart House" (grade 7) is designed, the technology of which can include all the systems described in the article, the bedroom is most often provided with a special touch panel responsible for lighting. It can also be used as an alarm clock. On the panel, the lifting time can be set, for example, at 8:30. At 8:15 am, the main lighting can illuminate in the bedroom with an intensity of 30% of the usual brightness level. At 8:30 am, the lighting reaches 100% brightness, while the curtains can be automatically opened at the same time.

Bathroom

If you are considering a project on the topic: "Smart House" (7th grade of complexity), then you need to take care of the technological bathroom. With this system it will be convenient to manage the heated floors. Quite often, consumers ask themselves why they should operate this system if it has its own temperature regulator. To answer this question it is possible to bring a fact that indicates a high consumption of electricity by warm floors. Most of the time the system is not used, and if you turn it off at night, the savings will be significant. "Smart" house without any help independently will turn off and turn on the system. It can be adjusted to a daily automatic adjustment. Include such floors can be even on the phone, sitting in the office, or on the way home from the car. Particularly convenient if the management of the sexes will be done together with the alarm clock. For example, the shutdown can be made at 23:00, and the activation - one hour before waking up.

Conclusion

If you decide to choose the project "Smart Home" for your housing, the problem situation will not be terrible for you. If necessary, the technology of the system will disable water supply and gas supply, as well as electricity, which is very convenient for security. Little by little, these systems are part of our lives. For example, in many private homes, modern lighting systems have been installed, which are powered by motion sensors.