Building a roof with your own hands: features, technology and recommendations

The construction of the roof is often carried out by the owners of the property themselves. If it is a two-slope design, it is easy to operate and install. Such a system can become a reliable coating of the building and add to the living space with one more room if the internal arrangement is correct, especially with regard to the optimal angle of the ramp.

System Selection

The construction of a gable roof can be done independently, if you have the skills to work with wood and have the concepts of engineering design schemes. It is necessary to use the help of several people who are ready to take part in a laborious process. To date, there are several varieties of gable roof structures. Before you decide and choose the right one, you should think that it will be located under the roof - a dwelling or an attic. Gable roofs can have a stratified or suspended structure. Their difference is in the fixing and retaining elements.

Hanging rafter structure

The construction of the roof can be carried out on the basis of a suspended rafter structure. If the house does not have capital partitions, then the truss system should be supported only on the side walls, using a hanging light structure. It is applicable if the distance between the walls is equal to the limit of 6 to 14 m. Hanging rafters will give an impressive load on the capital side walls. To reduce it, you should use diagonal and horizontal connectors. They will fix the rafters among themselves and have the following names:

• Tightening;
• Crossbars;
• Struts;
• Grandmother.

Material selection

Elements that support the system can be fixed to the ridge beam or rafters at any point. For example, in the lower part of the rafters you can arrange the tightening, which will act as an overlap beam. For puffs and rafters are selected thick workpieces, which is true for the case when the attic will have a dwelling. The roof construction provides installation of rafters, boards for them should have the sizes equal 55 x 200 mm.

Methods of work

On the opposite load-bearing walls it is necessary to lay the waterproofing, as a ruberoid can make it, it needs to be laid in several layers. From above fixed Mauerlat, use in the process of this need anchors. This part has the form of a powerful beam on which the rafters will rest and be fixed. On it there is a tightening bar, which will perform the function of the joist beam.

For the Mauerlat, a square bar with a side of 120 or 150 mm is usually used. Border to the Mauerlat with a step from 500 to 600 mm on the supporting wall are laid beams, which will constitute an attic floor. For safety and convenience of work on the beams should be laid boards. This will give you a platform where you can connect the rafters.

Construction of houses, the roof of which has a gable construction, provides for the connection of rafters in one of two ways. The first involves cutting corners and fastening with plates or wooden pads. The second method involves the formation of grooves at the ends of the rafters. The fastening is done with bolts. The parts can be fastened with crossbars for rigidity. In some cases, the formation of the grooves are discarded, then the rafters are bolted together, this technology is called lap-fastening.

Advice of specialists

One of the important systems of the house is the roof. The construction of the roof provides for the installation of the first two rafters on the Mauerlat after they are fastened together. The smoothness of all the other rafters depends on these works. In order for these elements to be correctly positioned, they should be prepared in grooves, which will allow the rafters to stand on the Mauerlat as tightly as possible.

In order to provide additional rigidity to the rafters, in addition to the grooves, metal corners should be used, the elements with their help are attached to the Mauerlate by self-tapping screws. As soon as the first pair of rafters is installed, the same bunch is made on the second side of the building. Between these elements a string is stretched, which will protrude a level. On it it is necessary to equal all rafter pairs. Between the rafters after the installation should be fixed with a ridge beam, which is located from the bottom.

What is important to remember when working

The rafters are tightened. If the room is residential, then the bar should be oriented high, so that it forms the basis for the ceiling. Design and construction of roofs in recent years increasingly carried out by the owner of the property themselves. If you plan to make the room a normal attic, the tightening should be located below and use reinforcing elements by the type of slopes or racks that will connect the joists and rafters.

All joints for stiffness should be fixed with screws or nails, and also strengthened with staples, corners or metal plates. As soon as the rafter system is finished, the boards making up the floor should be screwed or nailed to the beams, then you can move on to the internal and external arrangement.

The device of a soft roof

The construction of a soft roof can begin in the next stage. To do this, prepare the tools:

• knife;
• a hammer;
• Hacksaw;
• pencil;
• Roulette;
• Master OK.

Works do not require special skills. As a covering material, soft tiles can be used, which are laid with an angle of inclination ranging from 12 to 90 °. The material has a negligible weight, so it will not give a big load on the overlap. At the first stage, a foundation should be prepared, for this, the following are usually used:

• Edged board;
• OSB;
• Sheets of plywood.

The role of the basic condition is the creation of a perfectly flat surface. It is important to ensure the presence of ventilation clearance. Its size is 5 cm or more. It is necessary to place the hood from above, while the inlet opening must be from the bottom. This clearance is required in order to prevent the appearance of ice in winter and reduce the temperature inside the summer.

Now you can proceed to the installation of lining material, it is rolled along the entire length. After every 20 cm, the edges should be reinforced, all joints must be sealed with glue. The technology at the next stage provides for the installation of cornices, they will protect the system of the shed from rain. On the lining are installed curtain rod, which can be replaced with drippers. It is important at the same time to ensure a 2 cm overlap. To protect the edges of the lath, frontal slats are needed. Their installation can be done at the next stage, providing the same overlap. Fastening is carried out at the ends of the roof with the help of special nails.

Work Tips

On the lining spreads a shallow carpet, it must have a color corresponding to the covering material. This element is necessary to prevent moisture from entering the valley. You can strengthen the edges in 10 cm increments with roofing nails. Now you should start laying the shingles. It is mounted along the cornice overhang, and it is necessary to use a self-adhesive base for this.

The protective film should be removed only before the start of attaching the cloth. Begin work from the central part of the overhang of the cornice, heading towards the end of the roof. Remove the lower edge of the shingles from the bottom edge of the eaves should be 1 cm. The covering material is first glued, and then additionally nailed. The edges of the shingles on the ends should be cut and glued to 10 cm. In order to open the strip of the endovaya carpet, in the valleys the material is cut off by 15 cm. To protect the lower layer of the roof, a piece of plywood should be put at the same time.

Cost of works

If you do not plan to build the roof yourself, then you should be interested in the price of building a roof. Installation of the trolley will cost 150 rubles. Per square meter. The vapor barrier device costs 100 rubles. Per square meter. If you need to insulate the roof, then you have to pay 200 rubles. Per square meter.

Building a roof of metal, professionals ask for installation of the material 500 rubles. Per square meter. Roof of flexible tiles will cost the consumer 300 rubles. Per square meter. Using the cement-sand tile in the process of work, the brigade will ask 600 rubles. Per square meter.

The cost of building a roof may include additional installation work. For example, filing cornices will cost 670 rubles. For running meter. If it is necessary to mount the snow loaders, you will additionally pay 550 rubles. For running meter. Skylights are installed at a price of 5,200 rubles. a piece.