HomelinessGardening

Planting cauliflower in the open ground with seeds. Cauliflowers: planting and nursing

The cauliflower in its nutritional properties is superior to that of white cabbage. And how beautiful it looks in a salad bowl! In it a huge amount of useful substances, vitamins C, B1, B2, PP. If you do not tolerate white cabbage because of the high fiber content, then it's time to think about how to plant cauliflower in your garden. It is digested much faster and is considered a dietary vegetable. White heads in boiled form, in soups and side dishes, in marinated form will be an excellent vitamin supplement to your table. The theme of our today's article is the planting of cauliflower, so let's go directly to the agrotechnical subtleties.

Site preparation

Planting of cauliflower is carried out on pre-prepared beds, while agrotechnics must comply with certain rules. In autumn, after the main crop is harvested, the soil begins to be prepared for spring sowing. For this, it is loosened, removing weed grass and insect larvae. Approximately two weeks later, fertilizers are introduced into it - 5 kg of organic, 30 g of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers go to one square meter . After applying fertilizers, the garden bed is dug onto the spade bayonet and left to rest until spring.

With the onset of heat, the ground is loosened and urea is introduced - about 20 g per square meter. Do not forget: the planting of cauliflower is done in dense soil, that is, it is not necessary to re-dig it up. If you do not have time to dig up the earth in the fall, then you'll have to do it in the spring, but then before planting it will have to be compacted, slightly tamped. This affects the quality of the heads: compliance with this rule is necessary so that they are dense and tasty.

Ways of planting

Planting of cauliflower is most often performed in seedlings. However, today gardeners often resort to the open sowing of seeds in the soil. Do not forget that the ripening of the heads takes place quite quickly, and to harvest throughout the summer, the seed can be sown in 3-4 terms with a break of 20 days. For the earliest planting, seedlings are grown in greenhouses and greenhouses, and summer and autumn crops are produced directly into the soil. Do not forget that when the temperature drops, shoots must be protected with a film.

Today there are a lot of varieties on the market. For growing in a sheltered soil, early-maturing plants are excellent. Until recently, a good cauliflower was grown only in the south, and today it is available everywhere. But even in a greenhouse, if the weather conditions are too cool, the heads can grow smaller than usual. Medium-ripening cauliflower is the best . Planting on the seedlings will allow you to remove the early harvest, and sowing in the garden - also the second and third. Late varieties usually do not have time to ripen in a cool climate.

Seed sowing

The first task is to grow an early harvest for summer salads, in which cauliflower fits as best as possible. Planting on the seedlings is carried out with the following rule. To get amicable shoots and healthy seedlings, you need to select only large seeds. Before sowing, perform the following procedure: the seeds are wrapped in a rag and dipped in hot water. Do not heat it to a boil, the optimum option is 50 degrees. Now the activated seeds are cooled in cold water and soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for 8 hours.

Such training provides excellent germination. Ready for planting seeds are sown in special boxes. The soil can be any, but the mixture of peat and humus proved to be the best. In addition, 15 g of superphosphate and potassium sulphate should be added to the bucket of the soil mixture. Practically, also planting cauliflower seeds in the open ground. On a slightly moistened and compacted soil, grooves with a depth of 0.5 mm are marked, into which the seeds are laid. They are covered with the same mixture and lightly covered with earth.

Conditions of detention

The optimum temperature regime for cabbage is +20 degrees. Under such conditions, shoots will appear after about 4-5 days. Here lies the main danger: cabbage tends to stretch quickly, so immediately after emergence of air temperatures reduce to +6 degrees. After about 5 days, it is raised to 15 degrees - this helps to get acclimatized. The easiest way to fulfill this condition is if your seedlings are in pots, but planting cauliflower seeds in the open ground leaves room for maneuver. The film covering the greenhouse is removed or opened at one end. Thus, the temperature is regulated.

Growing seedlings

If you are engaged in growing seedlings, then you have to perform the seedling seedling when they are 8-10 days old. Before the procedure, slightly moisten the soil. Remember that excessive humidity in pots leads to diseases of seedlings. Immediately after picking, seedlings need to be fed. The preparation of seedlings takes about 45-50 days. Ready-made bushes should have at least 5 true leaves and a well-developed root system. Be sure to temper the seedlings, accustom it to the sun, cold and temperature drops. To do this, before planting, the seedlings are taken out to the street or left in front of an open balcony. It is advisable the last few days to fully identify the plants in the greenhouse. If the street is cool at night, then the film can not be removed.

The scheme of planting cauliflower

To plant plants in the ground, choose the evening or morning time. Usually the seedlings are well watered the day before. In dry and hot weather, it takes root badly, so in advance, consider how you can dress the tender plants. Refuse from artificial shading can only be three days after disembarkation. Planting cauliflower in the open ground is done in a certain order, earlier varieties can be planted closer, and later - further apart, because they are more bushy. The optimal location is 70 x 40 cm, it should not be thickened, as this affects the yield, you will not get good heads in this case.

However, filler beds can serve as radish, dill and salad. Due to the fact that these plants quickly ripen and cleaned, they will not harm the main planting. Seedlings of cauliflower are planted so as not to cover the apical bud. The earth around the young plant is well condensed, watered and covered with a layer of soil, so as not to form a crust.

Non-irrigational way of cultivation: for which regions is suitable

First of all, it should be noted that planting cauliflower in an open ground has an indisputable advantage. Overgrown seedlings reduce the yield and impair the quality of the produce, and you do not risk anything at all: the plants will develop in the way they should, in accordance with their biological clock.

Planting cauliflower with seeds is most suitable for arid, southern regions. But with the advent of early ripening varieties, this method is practiced by all gardeners, right up to Siberia. The root system in this case grows less branched, but penetrates deeper into the soil. Before sowing directly on the bed, a marking is made with a distance between rows of 45-60 cm, depending on the characteristics of the variety or hybrid, and also on the fertility of the soil. When seedlings give the first real leaves, it is necessary to make thinning. Between the plants in the row are left at 15 cm. When the seedlings are released into six real leaves, the thinning is repeated, and again between the plants there should be an interval of 15 cm. If the bed is well watered before the above procedure, then the extracted plants retain the root system and can be transplanted To another place.

Cauliflower: planting and care

Like the closest relatives of culture, cauliflower is very hygrophilous. Optimal soil moisture should be at least 70 percent, do not dry out. This is especially important during the growing of seedlings. Even a slight drying of the soil can lead to the formation of a shallow head or even a loss of crop, since it quickly starts to bloom. Very important and compliance with the temperature regime. Gardeners emphasize that much more capricious, in comparison with other varieties, is cauliflower. Planting and care means constant monitoring of temperature. Long-term reduction of it to + 10 degrees and below leads to a rapid transition to the flowering phase without forming a dense head.

Food

As already mentioned, cauliflower is more demanding for the nutrient of the soil than white-headed cabbage. This should be known even at the stage of growing seedlings. By the way, if you grow it in pots, then the sowing can be made already in February. Then in June you will already have cauliflower. The planting times are greatly shifted if you plan to sow the seeds directly into the soil. Then you need to wait until the end of April, and then, if you have a greenhouse pulled. In unprotected ground can be sown only in May, when the seedlings are not threatened by frost. In the case of a strong drop in temperature, you should use a cover material. Planting cauliflower with seeds means a regularly produced top dressing, only in this case one can expect a good harvest.

First feeding

Ten days after the picking, it is necessary to make additional fertilizing. Planting cauliflower in the soil involves the introduction of organic matter after the first thinning. The optimal solution for this is mullein or a mixture of 20 grams of ammonium nitrate, 20 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium fertilizer. Consumption - about 10 liters per square meter. The tasks of the first fertilizing are to optimize the growth and development of the plant.

Second and subsequent fertilizing

Approximately two weeks later, fertilization should be repeated. Planting seedlings of cauliflower in the open ground is also accompanied by a second fertilizer application (the first was already performed during picking). The composition of the nutrient mixture can vary depending on the gardener's preferences. Optimum is the infusion of mullein or chicken manure - 0.5 liters per 10 liters of water. In addition, you can buy in the store any concentrated extract of cow or horse manure.

Diseases and pests

To pests, you can include aphids and cabbage butterflies. They are removed from them by mechanical assembly or treatment with chemical preparations. But remember that cabbage absorbs absolutely everything that gets into it. In early spring, it is necessary to handle planting with antifungal agents. Phytobacteria and fungi can greatly spoil or completely destroy your crop. Because of the susceptibility of cauliflower to various diseases, many are from this useful vegetable, and in vain, because quality, modern drugs can solve these problems.

Cleaning of cauliflower

It begins in July - at this time, removed early varieties. The latest, ripen in August - September. When harvesting, one should be guided by the size and density of the head. In addition, if the head is white, this also indicates its ripeness. Most often, once the plug reaches a diameter of 8 cm, it's time to cut it off. Peresrevie badly affects the taste. If the head begins to crumble - this is also a signal for immediate cutting. Cabbage can be marinated, and it will be stored in the refrigerator for a long time as a ready-made cold snack. This delicious and healthy dish will provide the body with vitamins and pleasantly diversifies the menu.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 en.birmiss.com. Theme powered by WordPress.