Pathology of the uterus: causes, consequences

Uterus is the most important organ for women's reproductive health and external beauty. Due to it, the whole reproductive system works. However, many girls may have violations of the structure of this body. In these cases, experts say that the patient develops a pathology of the uterus.

What are the pathologies of the uterus and the vagina?

The female reproductive system is very fragile and any violation can lead to a malfunction of the entire mechanism, causing severe illness. It is worth noting that the pathology of the vagina and the uterus is both congenital and acquired. Between them there are a number of differences. Acquired diseases can arise due to any violation or as a result of interference. But the congenital pathologies of the uterus develop at a time when the fetus is still in the womb of the mother. Their appearance is influenced by a number of causes and factors, as well as the genetic predisposition of a person.

Very often the following congenital pathologies of the uterus occur:

• Dvuhrogy or saddle type of organ.
• Presence of a septum in the uterine cavity.
• Various manifestations of the underdevelopment of the organ.
• Failures in the normal functioning of the ovaries.

But the acquired pathology includes a wider range of diseases, among which very often there is a bending of the uterus and various abnormalities on its neck.

Pathology of the cervix - what should you prepare for?

A woman should pay special attention to the health of an organ such as the cervix. Pathology in this area can lead to very serious consequences. Therefore, it is timely to identify the disease and eliminate it in the very first stages.

The most common are the following cervical diseases:

• Erosion. During this disease, the mucous membrane is damaged, which faces the vagina. Usually, when viewed, it looks like a spot of bright red color. Sometimes with poor treatment there may be pseudo-erosion - not completely cured erosion. As a result, there may appear block cysts, which lead to clogging of the ducts of the glands of the neck.
• Dyskeratosis is the layering of a large number of cells in the cervix. This is usually due to the introduction of human papilloma virus into the epithelium, which can lead to the formation of cervical cancer.
• Papillomatosis or condylomatosis. These diseases mainly appear as a result of infection of a woman with papilloma virus. Very often there are warts on the genitals.
• Dysplasia. This is the precancerous stage of the epithelium.

In addition, a woman can diagnose cervical cancer, which appears as a result of unscrupulous treatment of other pathologies.

Uterus dysplasia - what is it?

Many girls hear about the problem, but do not always understand its essence. It should be noted that dysplasia of the uterus is found in a large number of women. During this pathology, there are serious disorders in the structure and functioning of the cervix, which eventually cause cancer. If this disease is detected at the earliest stages, then it can be quickly eliminated with the help of special treatment.

Types of the disease

Depending on the type of disorder in the mucosa, dysplasia of the uterus has several forms:

1. The first degree. This is a light form: changed and occupies only 30% of the thickness of the mucosa. Usually this degree proceeds imperceptibly and in 80% of cases it resolves itself without treatment.
2. Dysplasia of the second degree (moderate). During this type, the proportion of altered mucosal cells accounts for 60-70% of the thickness of the endometrium. Without treatment, this type of pathology resolves only in 50% of cases. Almost 20% of ill women go to the third degree of dysplasia, while the other 30% is the basic basis for the development of cancer.
3. Third degree of dysplasia (severe form). In this case, the entire layer of the mucosa is occupied by altered cells.

Whichever degree of the disease is found, it should be treated immediately.

Pathologies of the uterine cavity

They are also quite a lot in medical practice. In general, the pathology of the uterine cavity is due to inflammation in the pelvic organs, hormonal disturbances and surgical interventions.

The following abnormalities and disturbances are common in the uterine cavity:

• The onset of endometrial hyperplasia.
• Myoma.
• The appearance of intrauterine fusion.
• Various foreign bodies in the cavity.
• Inflammations of various degrees.

At the first signs of discomfort, the girl needs to seek qualified help.

What is endometrial hyperplasia?

Many women, hearing this diagnosis in the office of a gynecologist, begin to fall into despair. However, not everything is so scary. If this pathology of the uterus is determined at the earliest stages, it can be easily cured by selecting the proper treatment.

Hyperplasia of the endometrium is a proliferation of the layer that is located in the internal cavity. Usually this increase occurs every month for any woman. During the action is erogenous, the mucous organ is prepared for the adoption of a fertilized egg. If it is absent, rejection of the endometrium layer begins, which leads to its proliferation. Usually, this phenomenon is observed before the beginning of the menstrual cycle. If there is a violation of this process, the endometrium grows even more. The type of disease depends on the size of the layer.

It should be noted that this disorder is usually detected only by histological examination. This diagnosis can accurately determine the localization of the disease, its shape and degree. Simultaneously, ultrasound and examination of the gynecologist are of considerable help in diagnosing, but can not accurately determine the presence of endometrial hyperplasia.

What is the uterine myoma?

The disease is rather insidious and dangerous. Myoma of the uterus is a benign tumor. It is not considered a cancer. This pathology of the uterus can appear both in the walls of the organ and on the neck. The size of the tumor can be from a millimeter to several centimeters.

Depending on the location of the fibroids divided into the following types:

1. Sub-serous myoma. During this stage, the neoplasm is located on the outside of the surface of the organ, usually between the abdominal organs and the uterus.
2. Intramuscular myoma. In this case, the tumor is located directly in the muscles of the uterus.
3. Submucosal fibroids. The tumor spreads in the inner part, localizes under the mucous membrane.
4. Myoma of the uterus on the foot. This form is found both in sub-serous myoma and submucosa. The difference is a narrow or wide leg.

Only an experienced doctor can correctly determine what disease develops in a woman.

What causes myoma of the uterus?

This disease mainly occurs due to hormonal disorders. Very often, fibroids are observed in women of young age, its resorption occurs during menopausal age.

In addition, the occurrence of fibroids has a number of reasons:

• Heredity and genetics.
• Adenomyosis.
• Inflammatory processes of gynecological nature.
• Sedentary lifestyle and obesity.
• Abortions and installation of intrauterine spirals.
• Sexual acts without reaching orgasm.

The development of fibroids often provokes stress, which can lead to depression of the adrenal, ovarian and thyroid gland.

Intrauterine adhesions

What it is? Intrauterine fusion or synechia is a deviation in the anatomical structure of this organ. Often it is called asherman syndrome. This pathology of the uterus is described as a partial or complete obliteration of the uterus by connective tissue fusion. During the onset of the disease, atrophic changes in the endometrium and deformation of the uterine walls occur.

The disease leads to malfunctions in the menstrual cycle, poor sperm patency, impairment during the implantation of the amniotic egg. As a result, infertility may occur. This disorder is usually manifested in the form of amenorrhea or hypomenstrual cycle. Very often in the presence of synechia, difficulties arise in bearing the fetus during pregnancy.

Causes of adhesion

Synechia usually appears for various reasons. This can be influenced by various infections, traumatic injuries or gynecological diseases.

Among the most common reasons for the appearance of synechia are the following:

• Various infections.
• Consequences of genital tuberculosis.
• Influence of radiation therapy.
• Frozen pregnancy.

In addition, they are caused by traumatic injuries - disruption of the endometrium layer during surgical termination of pregnancy, diagnostic curettage, the use of intrauterine contraceptives and various surgeries.

Prevention and treatment of uterine pathologies

Of course, many violations and rejections a woman immediately will not notice, because they do not show themselves. Usually these diseases lead to problems in the conception of the child and eventually cause complete infertility. Very often, many women suffer from the cervix, the pathology of this organ leads to serious consequences. Therefore, you should definitely go to the gynecologist twice a year for a complete examination.

If a woman has any disease, then the specialist should identify the center of the pathology of the uterus. Then he sends the patient to the appropriate doctor for further therapy. Also, during the treatment of uterine pathologies, a specialist can prescribe ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hysterosalpingography ( GAS ), and laparoscopic examination.

To avoid the occurrence of diseases, many experts recommend conducting preventive measures:

• Be sure to observe personal hygiene.
• Every 6 months to do a routine examination with a gynecologist. It is also necessary. To hand over corresponding or meeting analyzes (a smear - the analysis on a cytology).
• Maintain a normal sex life.
• Observe the rules of protection during sex.

A woman needs to give up bad habits. The use of alcohol and smoking lead to a decrease in immunity: the body does not respond well to various infections. The main thing is to treat attentively to health. If you experience any discharge, pain, or other unpleasant symptoms, be sure to consult your doctor for examination and further treatment.