Diagnostic curettage of the uterus: the essence of the operation and indications for conduction

Diagnostic curettage of the uterus is also called curettage or gynecological cleansing. This is a procedure that is carried out by special tools or by using a vacuum system to remove the upper layer of the endometrium, which is then sent for histological examination. Sometimes diagnostic curettage is combined with hysteroscopy to examine the uterine cavity after the procedure.

Preparing for this manipulation

As a rule, diagnostic curettage is carried out a few days before menstruation, which allows you to reduce blood loss and contributes to a faster recovery of the uterus. It is considered a surgical procedure, therefore, before carrying out a woman must pass a general clinical blood test, a coagulogram, a swab from the vagina and tests to identify sexually transmitted diseases.

14 days before the procedure, it is advisable not to use any medications. If a woman has pathologies that require constant pharmacological therapy, then taking medication should be consistent with the doctor.

3 days before the manipulation should avoid sexual intercourse and syringing. It is forbidden to wash away with hygienic means, in this period only warm water can be used. Also, do not use vaginal suppositories, tablets or sprays. Do not eat 12 hours before scraping, as eating can make anesthesia difficult.

Diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity:

Before the operation, empty the bladder and intestine. The perineum, as well as the external genitalia, are treated with alcohol and iodine solution. The same substances disinfect the vaginal mucosa and cervix and carry out anesthesia. For an easier expansion of the cervical canal 30 minutes before the operation, antispasmodics are introduced. For anesthesia, adrenaline with novocaine is injected into the cervix and the cervix is dilated with Gegar dilators, beginning with the smallest diameter of this instrument.

Diagnostic scraping is carried out by curettes. They also come in different sizes. Scraping is collected in a tray, after which it is washed with water from the blood, then dropped into a vial, filled with a solution of formaldehyde or 96% alcohol and sent to a laboratory.

Indication for diagnostic curettage

This manipulation is performed under the following conditions:

• irregular monthly and blood allocation between menstruations;

• excessively painful or massive menstruation;

• bleeding after menopause;

• Infertility;

• suspected malignant tumor in the uterus.

Separate diagnostic curettage is carried out by a separate scraping of the cervical canal and the uterine cavity for the detection of polyps, cervical dysplasia, endometriosis and adhesions. It is also performed with uterine myoma or with endometrial hyperplasia.

Gynecological cleansing is not carried out with infectious diseases, decompensated pathologies of the heart, kidneys or liver, as well as with diseases of the genital organs.

It should be noted that scraping can also be performed with a curative purpose in the case of frozen pregnancy, miscarriages, ectopic pregnancy.