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Morphological analysis of the preposition "in", "on", "for", "on", "and"

How to make a morphological analysis of the preposition? You will find the answer to this question in this article.

general information

Before describing how the morphological analysis of the preposition is carried out, it is necessary to understand what the given part of speech is in general.

As is known, the pretext is the official part of speech expressing the dependence of pronouns, numerals and nouns on other words in sentences and phrases. Let's give an example: to leave the house, to go on the road, to go behind the building, to enter the apartment, etc.

The parse plan

Morphological analysis of the preposition should be carried out strictly according to the plan, which looks like this:

1. Determine the part of speech.

2. Identify the morphological features, namely:

  • Derivative preposition or non-derivative;
  • What is the bit by value;
  • composition
  • Unchangeability.

3. The syntactic function. In this part, it should be indicated whether the excuse is a member of the proposal or not.

As you can see, the parsing scheme is quite simple. In order to correctly apply it in practice, you should familiarize yourself with all the features of the preposition in more detail.

Determine the part of speech

To make a morphological analysis of the preposition, first we need to find out which part of the speech it refers to. To do this, it is sufficient to only determine with which word it is used in the sentence or phrase.

Let's give an example: "In the forest he stayed for three days."

Morphological analysis of the preposition "in" makes it possible to find out that it serves for the connection of words, refers to the noun (in the forest), and also has the instrumental case.

Identify the morphological features

As it was said above, the morphological features of prepositions include:

  • Production;
  • discharge;
  • composition;
  • Unchangeability.

In order to correctly identify such signs, it is necessary to consider them in more detail.

Output

In its origin, absolutely all prepositions are divided into two groups:

  1. Non-derivatives. Unofficially, such prepositions are sometimes called primitive. Their difference from derivatives lies in the fact that by education they can not be correlated with any part of speech. These proposals include the following: in, to, to, from, y, o, u, on, from, to, etc. Incidentally, their variety is a complex preposition, consisting of two parts: from under, from, to, And so on.
  2. Derivatives. The origin of such prepositions is associated with other parts of speech:

Formed from adverbs: around, near, about, on the eve, inside, according to, across. For example, "standing near a building" is an excuse, and "standing around" is an adverb.

Occurred from nouns: due to or within. For example: "during the stream" - this is a noun with a preposition, and "within a minute" is an excuse.

Occurred from the gerunds: - despite or thanks. For example: "not looking in that direction" - this is the gerund, and "despite the joy" is an excuse.

So, we will find out how to carry out the morphological analysis of the preposition "c" (in the sentence "In the forest he stayed for three days") on this basis. This is easy to do, because this preposition is not formed from any part of the speech. Consequently, it is non-derivative.

Discharge

How to make a morphological analysis of the preposition "on" and determine its rank? To begin with, it is necessary to understand what a given attribute is in general.

By their meaning, prepositions can be subdivided into the following categories:

  1. Spatial. Such pretexts point to a particular place. They are: through, out, on, for, near, to, near, inside, in, near, out, near, behind, among, under, from, under, along, before, across, before, Against, past, around, between, above, across, etc. For example: on the mountain, behind the house, near the building, around the house, in the head, from behind the corner, in front of the object, etc.
  2. Temporary. Such excuses point to time. These include: during the day before, on, in, through, on, the day before, etc. For example: on Friday, until evening, Thursday, a month, three minutes, on the eve of the wedding, during the whole week, etc.
  3. Causal. Such pretexts indicate one or another reason. They are: because of, for, through, from, in view of, for, thanks, etc. For example: from hunger, from illness, from disease, from death, through perseverance, from ill health, etc.
  4. Targeted. Such pretexts indicate the purpose. They are: for the sake of, for, for, on, for, etc. For example: for the sake of bliss, for a night's lodging, for mushrooms, for the benefit of the state, for mushrooms, etc.
  5. Modus operandi. Such pretexts indicate some kind of action. They are: without, with, on, in, etc. For example: without excitement, with ecstasy, heart-to-heart, etc.
  6. Additional. Such pretexts point to a particular subject, where a certain action is directed. They are: about, about, about, about, about, with, and so forth. For example: about the father, with the friend, about the guy, about the girl, etc.

As you can see, the same prepositions can refer to completely different categories. That is why you should always pay attention to the context.

To make the morphological analysis of the preposition "on" and determine its rank, it is necessary to read the sentence or the phrase where it is used.

For example: "On the mountain stood a tall and old tree".

In this case, the preposition refers to the spatial category, since it points to a specific place (on the mountain).

Composition

Morphological analysis of the preposition and the definition of all its signs is easy enough. But this is only if you know all the features of such a service part of speech.

So, let's consider in more detail what kinds of prepositions are divided according to their composition:

  1. Simple. Such prepositions consist of only one word and have only one root. For example: above, y, on, about, thanks, etc.
  2. Compound. Such prepositions consist of two or more words. For example: unlike, in spite of, in the continuation and so forth.
  3. Complicated. Such prepositions have 2 roots, between which a hyphen is placed. For example: from under, from behind, over, etc.

Thus, making a morphological analysis of the preposition "on", which is used in the sentence "A lot of birds flew across the sky," it should be pointed out that this is a service and simple part of speech, since it consists of only one word.

Unchangeability

Prepositions, however, like any other service parts of speech, never change. In this connection, in written morphological analysis of a word, it is necessary to write that it is unchangeable.

Syntactic function

As is known, prepositions are not separate members of sentences. Although they are still included in their composition and are emphasized together with independent words.

An example of parsing a preposition (morphological)

To consolidate the material, it is recommended to perform the following practical exercise:

Make a morphological analysis of the preposition "for", which is used in the sentence: "Behind the house there is a large but dried tree".

  1. In this sentence, the preposition "for" is necessary for the connection of the phrase. It refers to the noun (behind the house) and is used in the instrumental case.
  2. The preposition "for" is non-derivative, since it does not originate from any part of speech.
  3. The preposition "for" refers to the spatial category, since it indicates a specific place.
  4. The preposition "for" is simple, since it consists of only one word.
  5. The preposition "for" is unchangeable.
  6. The preposition "for" is not a member of the proposal. However, it is part of the circumstances (behind the house) and is emphasized accordingly.

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