How to develop a child in 3 months? Child development in 3 months: skills and abilities. The physical development of a three-month-old child

The question about how to develop a child in 3 months, many parents are asked. Increased interest in this topic at this time is especially relevant, because the kid finally begins to show emotions and realizes his physical strength. At this age there is a sharp jump in everything that the little man has learned. This stage is so important that it is worth considering in detail all the changes taking place with the baby at this age.

Features of the period

Some pediatricians consider this age to be borderline transitional, and some even claim that women should be 12 months pregnant, not 9. They explain their theory by the fact that only 3 months after birth, the baby becomes capable of living outside the mother's womb and Acquires social qualities.

The child really changes dramatically in 3 months: he cries less and communicates more, he has infantile colic, he begins to show interest in the world around him, physically becomes stronger and more coordinated, his hearing and vision are improved.

Hearing and sight

The first thing that moms pay attention to is a 3-month-old crumb is that he begins to listen to unfamiliar sounds. Moreover, he even turns on the source of the sound.

The distance from which the baby is able to distinguish sounds increases significantly: now he hears all sounds that are heard within a radius of three meters from him. At birth, this distance was 2 times less.

A particularly touching discovery for parents is that the development of a three-month-old child has reached a level when he recognizes people close to him. Seeing the familiar face, the kid begins to smile and grimace. The little one is also capable of expressing his discovery and emotion in a voice.

The child at 3 months for a long time considering his hands: he moves his fingers, puts them in the fists. Also, mother's face and chest, rotating toys over the crib become the object of attention.

Major motor skills

Significantly improves the child's motor skills. Now it is not so easy to find him in one position - he is persistently trying to raise his head and body of the body, stirring his hands, lifting and lowering them.

Lying on his stomach, the baby tries to climb on the arms, lifting his head at an angle of 90 degrees. In this position, he is able to hold for 30-50 seconds. From the position of reclining the child also always tends to sit down, and from lying on his stomach or back, he manages to turn over on the barrel.

When parents carry a crumb on their hands, it keeps the head straight, so it no longer needs to be supported each time by raising their child.

Fine motor skills

Touching at this age is the child's interest in toys and the desire to take them in the handle. Someone at this age manages to hold a rattle in his hands and even sends it into his mouth, while someone is just trying to capture. In both cases, the coordination of infant's movements is rapidly improving.

At this age, not only toys become attractive objects for licking. In the mouth stretches everything, to what it is possible to reach: diapers, toys, mother's fingers, own clothes.

There are also research talents: the child likes to touch different objects, faces and hair. Touching, he feels the object.

Social development

At this age, the kid sharply socializes and from the detached man turns into a man with conscious desires, whims and interest in his small surrounding world.

At the age of 3 months, a small child begins to be interested in everything that happens around him: he is attracted to unfamiliar sounds, he begins to follow the movement of his parents. Kroha likes it when mom or dad wears it around the house and tells about the surrounding things.

The inner world of crumbs is formed: he no longer simply learns Mom and Dad, but tries to attract their attention by prying legs, making faces or agukay. At this age, many children for the first time start to laugh at the touchingly in their voices.

Development of own speech

The development of a three-month-old child and his speech apparatus is directly dependent on hearing. The ability to hear appears from the first days of life and reaches three months to a level that provides rapid progress in speech and generally has a positive impact on the development of the child. At 3 months of age, the baby begins to laugh for the first time in his voice, which also reflects the development of hearing and speech apparatus.

That is why by three months the baby begins to actively walk, calming himself and talking to himself. With a child you can even speak, he responds with simple sounds - "aaa", "uuu", "yyy". The child's speech skills at 3 months are such that he can even combine sounds or replace with other vowels.

Each of them now has its intonation fullness. With the help of emotional coloring of the spoken vowels the child expresses his state: when he is hungry, when something is disturbed and when he wants to sleep. Each of these states now has its own intonational characteristic, which also reflects the characteristic abilities of the child in 3 months.

Self-service skills

A child of 3 months, of course, is still helpless, and the word "self-service" here has a somewhat generalized meaning. However, it can reflect the essence of the process, which is the child's ability to help himself in something.

So, by three months the kid is able to take the object he needs and bring it to his eyes to better examine, or to the mouth, to lick. However, having taken the same pacifier, he will not be able to put it in his mouth the first time, and if he succeeds, it is most likely accidental.

In addition, the crumb can support the bottle of water, as well as the mother's breast during feeding. Also the child opens his mouth when he realizes that he is trying to give him water from a spoon.

Daily regime

By the age of three months, the regime of the day in the baby cardinally changes. First, he rarely applies to the breast - instead of 12 feedings per day after birth, he suffices 8-mi. The second qualitative change concerns the duration of a night's sleep: the baby now has 10-11 hours rest with two night feedings. The third important point relates to the duration of daytime sleep. After three months, the baby sleeps three times a day for 1.5-2 hours.

In addition, the sleep of the crumb becomes stronger, now he does not wake up when trying to shift it into his crib. This is explained by the fact that now the sleep in children begins with a deep phase, and not fast, as it was in the first three months.

Massage

After three months, the baby usually has an increased tone of arms and legs, so that he begins to better coordinate their movements. However it turns out not always and not at all. How to develop a child in 3 months with the help of massage? To help him learn how to master muscles, neonatologists recommend regularly doing a special massage that improves the blood circulation and tactile sensitivity of the baby. This procedure also develops muscle strength.

The massage technology is very simple: it is performed in the form of strokes, easy rubbing, circular movements. All manipulations should be carried out very carefully, with a slight pressure. Each procedure is repeated 2-3 times.

The sequence and nature of the massage:

• We begin with the handles and legs. Massage is performed by stroking and circular movements.
• Upon completion, a number of passive exercises can be performed to develop muscular strength. For this it is recommended to breed and cross the handles on the baby's chest. For the development of the muscles on the legs perform sliding movements of the feet on the surface of the table - forward and backward.
• The "coup" procedure will help to master your own body faster. To do this, gently turn the baby from the abdomen to the back and vice versa, while maintaining the pelvis.
• Do not forget about the tummy and back. Massage your tummy in a circular motion with your fingers and fist very carefully. And the back should be stroked with circular pinches and zigzag movements with the pads of your fingers.
• Do not forget about the press. Holding the handles, raise the head and torso of the child to a semi-sitting position.
• Also, neonatologists recommend massaging the baby's feet, "boxing" the children's fists and shaking the children on the massage ball.

How to deal with a child

A prerequisite for the harmonious development of a child is the employment of his parents with him. By three months the baby reacts to affection, voice and needs communication. How to develop a child in 3 months, how to interest him and teach new skills?

• Show love: hug the baby, kiss his fingers and tummy, blow on your feet. This is a necessary condition for him to feel needed and protected.
• Listen to music with him. Choose classical melodies and a soft sound. Clap your hands in time with the music.
• Little babies are very fond of when mom sings songs to them. Nothing will replace a gentle lullaby in my mother's performance.
• Publish different sounds and make faces - this will encourage the baby to repeat the sounds for you and develop your speech apparatus.
• Teach your child to find the source of sound.
• Develop its olfactory abilities: let's smell a banana, bread, a flower.
• Also work with the touch: offer the baby alternately hard and soft objects, light and heavy, prickly and tender.
• Show the crumb that there is a rhythm in the conversation: dealing with it, stop, as if waiting for an answer. Soon the baby will start to coo with you.
• Comment on each of its actions. This will broaden his understanding of what this or that movement stands for.
• Standing near the mirror, show the child where his nose is and where he is with you.
• Raising or omitting it, comment it with the words "Up!", "Down!", Etc.

Toys and entertainment

The choice of toys at this age is carried out under the influence of new abilities of the baby. Therefore, if there is a question about how to develop a child in 3 months with the help of toys, one should be guided by what he knows at this age. Let's remind, that the kid began to be interested in the surrounding world, learned to take objects with pens, began to react to sounds.

In accordance with this selected toys on the suspension:

• Garlands in a stroller, to which you can reach with your hand;
• Electric cars installed above the crib;
• Toys on elastic bands in the car seat.

To stimulate the development of hearing and vision, the following are selected:

• Toys that have sound and light support;
• Various rustling, rustling;
• Toys with a soft mirror.

The kid at this age has learned to turn over on a barrel - means, to leave it one it is impossible even for a minute. Just fit the arena. The child should be interesting there, so put toys there that he can only play there.

If there is a need to leave the children's room in order to do household chores, the baby can be taken with him in a portable armchair with pendants.

What should alert

Indicators of child development may differ in each case, but at 3 months the child must acquire some skills. In the event that any of the listed skills are missing from the crumbs, it is recommended to consult a local doctor. In some of these cases, it may be necessary to contact a pediatric neurologist and surgeon.

One of the worrying moments may be that by three months the baby does not keep the head on its own.

If the three-month-old cripple does not follow the eyes of the toys and does not show interest to them at all, this is a serious reason to call a doctor.

By three months the child is already grinning and grimacing. Poor facial expressions and lack of emotion require a doctor.

Also an important indicator at this age is the ability of the baby to control the movements of his hands and feet.

Physical development of a child at three months of age

As every month before the year, the pediatrician will evaluate the child's development in 3 months. The height, weight, circumference of the head and abdomen must comply with the norms. Excess of reference indicators, as well as their understated values, requires attention.

Below is a table that indicates the permissible weight indices in children of this age. The physical development of the child at 3 months, according to this table, should be characterized by a certain weight and height. In particular, the weight for boys is considered normal if it is in the range of 4.9-7 kg. The growth should be from 56.5 to 62 cm.

It is worth mentioning that a newborn baby usually has a small fat layer and is very fragile. A few months after birth, his body is markedly rounded, so the development of the child at 3 months (photos of children can be seen in the article) is accompanied by the appearance of more rounded forms.