Causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis

In the autumn-winter and winter-spring period, human health is often exposed to the risk of contracting a viral infection. No exception, and children. In kindergartens, schools and work collectives, the spread of enterovirus infection occurs very quickly due to a large number of people. Another cause of viral diseases is temperature changes. Adenoviral conjunctivitis belongs to the category of such diseases.

What is Adenoviral Conjunctivitis?

This is a viral disease caused by certain microorganisms (adenovirus serotypes). Treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis is a whole complex of measures for taking certain drugs and carrying out specific health-improving procedures, but more about this later.

Getting into the human body, the virus begins to multiply and cause inflammation. It affects almost simultaneously the area of the mucosa of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. As a consequence - various types of inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx. For example, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, etc.

Microbes reproduce very quickly and accelerate the process of inflammation. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets in most cases. In some cases, in close contact with persons in the acute phase of the disease. The incubation period of the disease is approximately 10 days. The general course of the disease, taking into account timely treatment, lasts about 3-4 weeks.

The main causes

Given that the causative agent of the disease are viruses, infection with adenoviral conjunctivitis occurs more often when visiting places of large concentrations of people. Children become infected in kindergartens and educational institutions, adults in work collectives and other places of congestion. The main way of infection is airborne. But there are other factors that influence the infection of this infection:

• Close contact with a person infected with adenoviral conjunctivitis.
• Use of personal hygiene items, tableware patient infection.
• Prolonged exposure to cold, in cold water.
• Microtrauma in the eye area, damage to the eyelid, cornea, dust and small litter.
• Insufficient observance of personal hygiene measures in the area of the hands and eyes.
• Infection with the use of contact lenses, because of the lack of disinfection of the hands.
• The epidemic of adenoviral conjunctivitis.
• During the examination of the oculist through instruments that have been poorly disinfected.
• After the operative intervention in the eye area.
• After cosmetic procedures in the eye area.

According to the symptomatic course of the disease, several types of such conjunctivitis can be distinguished:

1. Catarrhal.
2. Follicular.
3. Filmy.

Adenoviral conjunctivitis: symptoms of the disease

The main incubation period of adenoviral conjunctivitis is not more than ten days. After infection with infection in the patient at the first stages, an increase in body temperature occurs. After its reduction can rise again. The average does not rise above 38 degrees.

The second stage of pronounced symptomatology is inflammation of the eyes. At the edges of the eyelids, there is a buildup of mucus, redness, possibly a slight swelling. Characteristic also unpleasant tingling sensations in the eyelids, severe itching, discomfort in bright light.

Depending on the form of the course of the disease, the symptoms may differ. Forms of adenoviral conjunctivitis are listed below:

• During catarrhal conjunctivitis, mild symptoms, mucus is formed in small amounts, a slight reddening in the eyelid. The acute phase lasts no more than a week. Rarely does the temperature rise.
• During follicular conjunctivitis, stronger manifestations than in the previous case. The edge of the century, the entire surface of the mucosa is highly inflamed, covered with small follicles with liquid. Very severe itching, discomfort. Eyelids swollen, swollen. A fever may occur. In parallel, there may be inflammatory processes in the throat and in the sinuses of the nose.
• With a filmy conjunctivitis, the surface of the eye mucosa is covered with a thin film, which, when the eyeball moves, accumulates near the lower eyelid and is removed with the help of cotton buds. With this form of infection, the patient has a high fever and weakness in the muscles. The patient feels bad, feels a sense of weakness. Obstructive vision is temporarily due to the film covering the eyeball. The film can harden at the edges of the cornea, causing discomfort. On average, the acute phase of the disease lasts no more than two weeks, respectively, treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis should be strengthened during this period. This form of ailment in the future can cause various eye diseases.

Methods of treatment

When treating this disease, it is very important to apply a comprehensive treatment regimen that affects the virus from all sides. In addition to active treatment aimed at eliminating the microorganisms of the virus that caused the disease, it is also necessary to eliminate the symptoms of infection.

Treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis is medically, often at home. But on purpose and under the supervision of a doctor. In the case of children under 10 years of age under constant medical supervision without fail. Treatment is prescribed by a physician-therapist, otorhinolaryngologist or ophthalmologist (oculist).

Complex treatment

1. Assign antiviral drugs to the group of interferons or others.
2. Separately prescribed drugs to relieve the symptoms of infection in the nasopharynx. Spray, resorption tablets, rinsing and inhalation solutions.
3. Obligatory local treatment, therefore, special drops are prescribed for adenoviral conjunctivitis. Also there are anti-inflammatory ointments, gels, antibacterial and washing bottles.
4. To eliminate itching and burning, antihistamines are prescribed.

The best drugs in the treatment of conjunctivitis

"Tobrex"

One of the best drugs prescribed for this disease is the drop "Tobrex". Instructions for use disclose the treatment scheme in full, as well as contraindications and possible side effects.

The main indications for the use of these drops are inflammatory processes caused by bacteria and viruses. They help to eliminate swelling, relieve inflammation, stop further growth of harmful organisms.

Below are the indications for use, as a result of which "Tobrex" drops are prescribed. The instructions for use also include this information. So, the testimony is as follows:

• All kinds of conjunctivitis.
• Dacryocystitis.
• Iridocyclitis.
• Keratitis.
• Meibomite.
• Endophthalmitis.

Appointed drops to adults and children. People over 18 years of age are prescribed a weekly course with a daily drop of 1-2 drops in the corner of the eye every 4 hours. Children under 18 years of age are prescribed a one-week course, with a drop by drop in the corner of each eye 4-5 times daily.

In the acute course of the disease, adults are allowed to use drops every hour, until the aggravation is removed, children every two hours.

Does not cause allergic reactions, almost no side effects and contraindications, except for individual intolerance of the drug. Use with caution in cataracts.

Sulfacil sodium

No less effective is another drug - sodium sulfacil, eye drops. Instructions for use in a compressed form is given below. Recommended for use in the following cases:

• All kinds of conjunctivitis.
• Formation of suppurative focal inflammation on the eyelids.
• Infectious diseases of the eyes of newborns.
• Blepharitis.

The main contraindication is the individual intolerance of the main constituent of the drug.

Adults and children of any age can be assigned sulfacil sodium, eye drops. Instructions for use also provides for the timing: treatment - about a week, adults should apply 5 times daily for 2 or 3 drops in each eye, children - 1-2 drops 4-5 times a day.

Side effects are minimal, can cause a slight itch or redness.

Can antibiotics be prescribed?

Often, in addition to local drugs, antibiotics are prescribed for adenoviral conjunctivitis. Doctors can write out "Sumamed", "Amoxiclav", etc. With concomitant inflammation of the sinuses of the nose, special drops are prescribed.

Adults and children in the treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis are advised to be under the supervision of a doctor, to observe a strictly prescribed treatment regimen. During treatment, in order to avoid the recurrence of the disease, it is not recommended to go out and stay in the community often.

With proper treatment, all signs and the disease itself are excluded after about 20-25 days. But since the body has not yet recovered from the disease, it is recommended to beware of visiting places where there is a possibility of contracting this infection. It is recommended to take a course of vitamins for the eyes and drugs that increase immunity. In case of consequences in the form of discomfort, discomfort and dry eyes - it is worth informing the doctor about it.

Prevention of conjunctivitis in adults

Treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis can always be prevented if the elementary rules are followed:

• In the autumn-winter and winter-spring season, take vitamin complexes and drugs that strengthen immunity.
• When developing a mass epidemic of enterovirus diseases in public places, wear a medical mask that protects the respiratory system.
• In winter, use antiviral ointments.
• Avoid strong hypothermia.
• Heal to the end all colds and infections.
• Pay special attention to the hygiene of the hands and face after eating or going out.
• Wash hands with soap after contact with animals.
• Disinfect hands when changing contact lenses.
• Treat antimicrobial napkins or sprays daily.
• Parents need to monitor the diseases of children in the kindergarten group. Avoid contact of the child with sick children.
• Monitor the hygiene of the hands and face of the child after walking, contacting other children, animals.
• Isolate the child from adults who are in the acute stage of the disease.
• For the prevention of giving the child antiviral drugs.
• To monitor the condition of the eyes and mucous membranes of the nose of the child, to take measures when manifesting inflammation.
• Do not drive into the kindergarten and school of a child who has mildly cold symptoms.
• Carry out disinfection of the child's glasses.
• Ensure that the child does not use other people's toys and hygiene items.

Prevention of conjunctivitis in children

When treating any disease, it is important to remember that adherence to the hospital regime, balanced nutrition, good rest and medication in the complex will give positive results and will help prevent adenoviral conjunctivitis. Duration of treatment of the disease, if the infection has already occurred, depends on the form of the disease, as well as on the timeliness of the treatment started. It is necessary to treat the disease with due attention and seriousness, do not neglect the preventive measures.