Cancer, metastases in the lungs

To date, lung cancer occupies a leading position in the number of deaths from cancer. It should be noted that this disease is most often found in males at the age of more than sixty years. Cancer in this case is a group of tumors that originated from bronchial cells or lungs. There is a disease in frequent cases due to the spread of metastases in the respiratory tract from other internal organs or tissues of the body. Thus, metastases in the lungs are a great danger to human life, as they are found most often in the last stages of the disease.

In medicine, it is common to distinguish between two forms of respiratory cancer: mediastinal and disseminated. With the mediastinal form of the disease in the lymph nodes, metastases are formed, in the lungs they appear by the ingress of cancer cells into them through the lymph, with the primary tumor not detected. With disseminated form of the disease, the lungs have several foci of development of cancerous tumors. The rate of appearance of metastases may be different, depending on the structure of the tumors.

In frequent cases, lung metastases are multiple, which causes them to spread to other human organs. The metastases themselves can be detected after a long period of time.

There are three types of metastases:

1. Lymphogenous. Characterized by the spread of cancer cells in the lymph nodes, which are located near the respiratory system. In this case, metastases gradually spread to the lungs, and, depending on the stage of the disease development, the vessels and bronchi are affected.

2. Implantation. Cancer cells were accidentally transferred to a healthy organ, and most often a person lives no more than a year in the case when the disease was detected at the initial stage of development.

3. Hematogenic. In this case, lung metastases gradually spread to the brain, kidneys, liver and bones of a person. In this case, this type indicates the presence of the patient's last degree of development of the disease.

Most often a person turns to a medical institution when symptoms of a disease appear, which appear in the last stages of his development. Thus, metastases in the lungs have nonspecific symptoms, a cough with blood discharges, chest pain, shortness of breath, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, severe weight loss, general weakness of the body. It is noted that in the early stages of the disease is not manifested, so a check is needed to establish the correct diagnosis.

Diagnosis of lung cancer is complex and involves the use of a set of methods for identifying the disease in the early stages of development, which increases the chances of successful treatment. The main method in this case is radiography and tomography. Bronchoscopy, thoracoscopy and thoracotomy are also widely used. The results obtained are reliable and give an opportunity to judge how widespread are metastases, and also allow to reveal the stage of development of cancer disease. In this case, appropriate surgical treatment is selected.

It can be said that metastases in the lungs are treated by several methods: surgical, chemotherapeutic and radial, depending on the person's condition, the degree of development of the disease, the location of the cancer and its type.

In surgical intervention, the cancer tumor is removed together with the part of the lung and surrounding lymph nodes. Irradiation, or radiation therapy, is used quite often, and is an effective method of treating this disease. When chemotherapy in the human body, drugs that suppress the growth of a cancerous tumor are injected .

However, it should be noted that with a disease such as lung cancer, a person lives no more than five years, in the event that proper treatment is not carried out.