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Who are the lancers and dragoons, and what does it mean to "gusarit"

Not knowing what the meaning of the words "redoubt", "lancers", "dragoons", "cuirassiers" or "infantry" is, it is difficult to read the immortal novel LN. Tolstoy "War and Peace". All the time you will have to refer to notes and footnotes, which is tedious. It is clear that we are talking about military terms, meaning the kind of troops adopted at that time, but which ones, it is better to find out beforehand, before the first page of this remarkable book is opened. So who are the lancers and dragoons, and what is the difference between them? Why the expression "gusarit" means to show deftness and pressure, but, say, there is no word "dragoon" or "ulalit" at all?

The modern army of any country has its own military form, both field and parade, with signs of difference and a system of military ranks. Different types of troops, and their kind. The armed forces may not possess a fleet or strategic aviation, and not every state has strategic missile forces, let alone space units. But two hundred years ago paratroopers, pilots and tankmen did not exist, but the meanings of the words "hussar", "lancer", "dragoon" or "cuirassier" were clear to everyone.

Everyone who is interested in the history of his country or at least watches movies about Napoleonic wars, in order to understand what is being said in this or that part of the narrative, one must know who the lancers and dragoons, grenadiers, hussars and cuirassiers are and what they are Are different. Watch a film about the Patriotic War of 1812, not understanding the structure of the then Russian army, it's about the same as trying to understand the events of the Second World without knowing what the pilot is different from the artilleryman.

In the early nineteenth century, the concept of camouflage, and simply protective camouflage, did not exist. Only at the turn of the twentieth century, the British Expeditionary Corps in South Africa began to supply khaki uniforms, which they then came up with. During the Napoleonic invasion and the Russo-Turkish war, the armies of all countries, including Russia, dressed their military in bright uniforms, the colors of which could be used to distinguish which army or officer belongs to which army. The headgear was also different, so that you could immediately understand who the lancers and dragoons were.

Belonging to one or another part was a matter of pride, however, as now. On epaulettes were denoted by the letters of the name of the regiments. In general, according to modern concepts, the regime of secrecy and secrecy was almost completely ignored. However, given the level of communications and the relatively small mobility of troops, and the fact that the state of this issue among the opponents was approximately symmetrical, this did not affect the outcome of each military campaign.

So, the question of who the lancers and dragoons are, you can answer unequivocally - light cavalrymen, unlike heavy cuirassiers protected by metal breastplates (cuirasses). The difference was in the form of clothes, and in relation to horses. For the hussars, the horse was a means of conducting combat operations, they carried out saber attacks. Dragoons on horseback could move, that is, they used them as transport, but if there was a need, they acted both in the foot and in the ranks. Accordingly, the Russian Uhlans wore blue uniforms, and the hussars - red dolmans with gold cord stitching, which issued in them a particularly aggressive, offensive part of the army. Service in a light attacking cavalry, serving as a kind of "point" and constantly staying in the forefront, formed in these military a special type of character, which is characterized by a habit of risk and contempt for danger. Hence the expression "gusarit", meaning fearlessness and daring, put at the service of the Fatherland. There is reason to hope that such military men are still alive today.

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