The structure of the hair

Considering the structure of the human hair, three types of hair are distinguished:

- embryos (prenatal);

- guns;

- Intermedial (transitional);

- bristly and long (terminal).

Pushkovye and embryos do not have a pigment. They are formed in the mother's womb. Before birth, pigmented transient hair appears. During the first three years, the baby's body is covered with light, soft fleece hairs. By the age of transition, they become more rigid, the inguinal region, axillary cavities begin to accumulate, in men - the body and face. Bristly hair develops on the eyelids, eyebrows, in the nostrils. The scalp is represented by all types.

The structure of the hair includes the follicle and the stem. The roots extend from the fatty subcutaneous base to the epidermis through the dermis. At the initial stage of hair growth is located in the dermis. The root is represented by a thick bulb, located inside the follicle.

The structure of the hair allows it to grow continuously, transforming gradually into keratin and advancing in the form of a thread to the outside. The growth rate of approximately a day is 0.2 to 0.4 mm per day.

The structure of the hair includes the dermal papilla, through which the food is supplied from the circulatory system.

The follicle and bulb can die because of physical influences and the influence of toxic components that fall into the root from the outside with the secret produced by the sebaceous glands.

Above the skin rises the rod. The structure of the hair in this part is represented by three layers.

The outer (cuticle) provides protective functions. The structure of the hair in this layer is represented by thin cells in the form of scales overlapping each other. When the scales are neat and tight, the hair is soft, silky. If there are damages in the cuticles (chemical or physical), they (the hairs) begin to get tangled, become brittle, lose their luster.

The middle layer is called fibrous. It consists of keratin fibers. This layer is considered to be the main in the structure of the hair , since it is in it that chemical processes are carried out (when curling, staining).

The third layer is represented by a hollow tube. Without exerting any influence on any processes, it is absent in many people.

The full cycle of formation of a full-fledged hair includes three phases: anagen, telogen, catagen.

At the first stage there is an active division of cells - the process of mitosis. Thus, new cells arise, a hair shaft is formed, melanin (pigment) is formed. The last component, including directly in the structure, provides the color. The stage of active growth lasts from two to seven years.

In the next phase (the stage of the catagen), cell division and hair growth stop. The pigment also ends its formation. The follicle begins to decrease at this stage, the bulb - to move to the epidermis. This phase lasts about a few weeks.

The last stage of formation lasts about three months. In the telogen phase, hair growth stops completely, the follicle passes into a state of rest. In this phase, the hair can easily be removed by the comb or simply dropped out. To fall out, a new thread can also be pushed. The onset of active growth occurs in the same follicle. From it can grow about twenty to thirty new hair.

All the phases described above occur daily. In some people, hair is born, grow, fall faster than others. The average number of follicles on a person's head is about 100 thousand. At the same time, about 10% of them are at rest.

The hair contains mainly keratin. Also in them there is also some amount of water, mineral components, available in the body.

To preserve hair in a healthy state, it is not enough to use only special shampoos, masks or balms. To form them necessary and rich in protein, vitamin, iodine, iron and other components of food.