The southernmost point of Russia is the highest mountain

The length of the territory of the Russian Federation is the largest in the world. Hence the world's largest changes in climate and living conditions that can be observed, moving from the Caucasus Mountains, where the southernmost point of Russia is located, to the island of Rudolph in the Arctic, where the northernmost is located. The distance from the westernmost (Baltic Spit) to the extreme in the east (Ratmanov Island) is approaching 10,000 km and is unthinkable for any other state on the planet.

From the line of change of dates

In the east, in the Bering Strait, the two islands share the border between two continents, two parts of the world, two oceans, two largest countries and even between two dates. The most extreme points of Russia from all four directions of the world have their originality, but the eastern one is a particularly bright story. The two islands are like brothers: the cliffs with flat tops protruding from the ocean, only one bigger, the other much smaller. On different sides of the state border, they are called differently. Russian names are given in honor of travelers who participated in the most important marine expeditions of the XVIII century: the name of a large island (Russian) - Ratmanov Island, small (American) - Kruzenshtern Island. Americans adopted the name of the saint, on the day of commemoration of which they were discovered by the expedition of Bering: Big Diomid - Russian, Small - American.

On Ratmanov Island there live border guards at the outpost, with which a new day begins, with it the Russian land begins. 169 ° 02 'W Etc. are the coordinates of the easternmost point of the country located on the east coast of the island in the middle of the sea, and the extreme continental point from which Russia begins is 38 minutes west of Cape Dezhneva.

Sandy spit divided in half

The section of the state border between Russia and Poland, where the westernmost point of the Russian territory is located, passes through an amazing natural formation - the Baltic sandy spit that arose between the waters of the Gdansk and Kaliningrad gulfs due to the specific climatic and geological conditions of this area of the Baltic. The southernmost point of Russia - in the Caucasus mountains - has the same natural uniqueness attracting tourists, although only extreme rest lovers can reach it. The area around the Baltic Spit has always attracted vacationers who appreciate amenities.

But the border guards from the outpost of Narmeln, closest to the point with coordinates 54 ° 27'45 "p. W. 19 ° 38'19 "in. Etc., not to rest, they guard the state border around the clock.

Mainland and island

If you analyze the extreme points of Russia, the extreme southern point - mountain, Dagestan - is the only one that has an unambiguous interpretation, on other tracks there are two types: continental and insular.

A similar situation with the westernmost point of Russia near the border posts Narmeln. The island character is attached to the Kaliningrad region, which is a Russian region, separated from the main territory and surrounded by other countries, but with access to the sea. Such education is scientifically called semi-exclave.

The main, mainland Russia from the west begins at the point of longitude 27 ° 19'E and located on the eastern bank of the Pededze River in the Pskov region.

Among the ice

The north side of the Taimyr Peninsula, Cape Chelyuskin (77 ° 43 'N), is not only the extreme northern Russian point, here the edge of the whole part of the world - Asia, here is the edge of the largest continent of the planet - Eurasia. These are places with a harsh climate and cruel conditions of life, although it is possible to characterize all of the huge Russian coast of the Arctic Ocean.

The island's extreme northern point is located even closer to the North Pole - on the island of Rudolph. The island, like Cape Fligeli, located in its northeast, like the entire archipelago - Franz Josef Land, was discovered, explored and named by the participants of the Austro-Hungarian Polar Expedition, held in the late 1870s.

Cape Fliegeli (81 ° 49 'N) is the only named point close to the northernmost Russian, which is still slightly higher, on the island's tip to the pole.

In general, all the extreme (western, eastern, northern, southern) points of Russia do not differ in accessibility (the western most accessible, although located in the border zone), but only the highly motivated and motivated explorers can reach the northern edge of the Russian land.

Bazarduzu and Ragdan

41 ° 12 's. W. - this latitude is the southernmost point of Russia. In Soviet times such a geographical mark was of little interest to anyone, everyone knew Kushka - the extreme southern point of the Soviet Union. It turned out that Russia begins in the south, in the stunning mountains of Dagestan. The border with contiguous Azerbaijan is whimsically squirming along the mountain spurs of the Caucasian ridge, and it is very difficult to designate a specific geographic point object.

Very close to it is the magnificent mountain peak Bazarduzu (4466 m), the highest in Dagestan. This is a favorite place for climbers - experienced and beginners, in these fantastic places you can find a route of any complexity category.
But even closer to such an important point is Mount Ragdan. At a distance of about two kilometers from its peak, on one of the slopes, at an altitude of 3,500 meters, and is the most southern point of Russia, the highest point of all four directions.