Currently, there is a large number of different substances that have a multifaceted purpose and application. This includes sodium hydrochloride. In addition to the medical sphere, it is used in many household areas.
Sodium Hydrochloride: Significance
It is important that sodium chloride in small amounts (concentration 0.5-0.9%) is contained in the body fluids of the human body and in its blood. The constancy of osmotic pressure is largely due to this factor. The considered substance in small amounts enters the body with food. At various pathological deviations, which are accompanied by excessive release of sodium chloride, there is a deficit of this element. Such conditions are observed with extensive burns, strong and prolonged diarrhea, a decreased function of the adrenal cortex. As a result of a lack of sodium chloride, a blood thickening occurs in the person, as water passes from the vascular bed to the tissues. If the deficit increases further, then the violations of the circulatory and nervous system develop, convulsive muscle contractions, smooth muscle spasms appear. To prevent similar reactions, sodium hydrochloride is used.
Forms of release
The preparation in question is produced in the following forms: powder; In the form of tablets, from which an isotonic solution is prepared; Ready 0.9% solution in ampoules of different volume, in vials of 5 and 6 grams each for the preparation of injections. The most widely used in medical practice is a solution of sodium hydrochloride. There are isotonic solution and hypertonic. In the first case, the osmotic pressure is equal to the pressure of the blood plasma - a physiological solution. In the second case, the osmotic pressure is higher. The first is quickly removed from the vascular system and increases the fluid volume only temporarily. Because of this, with shock and blood loss, its effectiveness is inadequate. In such cases it is necessary to simultaneously perform a transfusion of plasma, blood or replacement fluids. Use this solution also in the dehydration of the body and its intoxication.
Indications for use and dose
Apply sodium chloride, as already written above, to combat intoxication and dehydration of the body in various diseases, such as food poisoning, acute dysentery, burns, acute circulatory disorders, shock, diarrhea, peritonitis. With intoxication and a large loss of fluid most often the solution is injected intravenously. Do this in large quantities - three liters per day. What can be dangerous sodium hydrochloride? The use of this agent is undesirable to produce when treated with impressive doses of corticosteroids, with circulatory disorders that threaten edema of the lungs and the brain, and with hypernatremia. It is necessary to limit the volume of the solution when administered to patients with a problematic excretory function of the kidneys. There can be a side effect - chloride acidosis, if you enter large amounts of a substance.
Other Applications
Sodium hydrochloride in some form or another is used in various industries and in everyday life. For example, in the production of paper, cardboard, artificial fibers, fiberboard. In the chemical industry, it acts as a catalyst or reagent, is used in neutralization reactions, in the production of shampoo and soap, for etching aluminum and in the production of pure metals. Used as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel. In everyday life it is used as a part of gels or dry granules for cleaning sewage pipes.