Table mineral water: names, composition, GOST. Carbonated mineral water

Living in the 1st century BC, the Greek physician Archigenes was the first to declare that the healing power of groundwater lies in their composition. He even systematized them, dividing them into four types. To date, everyone knows that the power of water is directly related to its content.

What is mineral water?

This is drinking water with a high content of salts and trace elements. Its properties help maintain the body in tone and treat a number of diseases. Divided in bottles, it should include up to 1000 solids per liter (one million particles of its own weight) - that is, the mineralization must be above the 1 g / l mark or contain the number of active microelements not lower than the balneological norms (the new Russian GOST). Mineral table water differs from other types of bottled water by a constant number of different elements in the source. On the surface of the earth they are delivered with the help of boreholes, the depth of which can reach two kilometers and even more. On the territory of the Russian Federation today there are more than thousand sources with mineral waters.

On which groups she shares

The increased concentration in water of biologically active substances and mineral salts, allows to divide water into three groups.

1. Therapeutic-8-10 g / l.
2. Curative dining room-mineral water -2-8 g / l.
3. Natural mineral (dining room) is filled with salts of minerals not more than 1 g / l.

Table water is drunk in any quantities. It has no taste, foreign smells, pleasant and soft, has a neutral composition that can not harm the body when it is used excessively, unlike medicinal and therapeutic table waters, which need to be drunk only after consulting a doctor.

Non-mineral water

Incompetence in this matter often leads to the fact that the buyer, without paying attention to the price tag describing the goods, acquires a product completely useless to his body. Mineralized and aerated mineral water have significant differences. They are just different. And the manufacturer always indicates this in the information on the label. In mineralized water, all active substances and minerals are added artificially. The natural balance of substances of real mineral waters can not be recreated, therefore it is possible to drink such "unnatural" water, but it is not worth waiting for any special benefit from it.

Classes of water of natural origin

We found out that table mineral water has a certain concentration of minerals, absolutely safe for health, suitable for daily use and has no side effects. Now it should be noted that mineral waters are different in composition, influence on the human body and are divided into different classes.

Hydrocarbonate-sulphate

It is also a mineral-organic medical canteen. Helps in the treatment of kidney disease. Of the most common - this is Borjomi, Narzan. As part of "Borjomi" there are a number of useful microelements for the body, there is chlorine, sodium and a lot of calcium, there is sulfur, potassium, magnesium, fluorine, boron, silicon. Here there are also small fractions of titanium, aluminum and strontium. In a small dose, this healing water contains even sulfur. Medicinal table mineral water "Narzan" has no less valuable composition. Its basis is magnesium, calcium and sodium. In a lower concentration here are strontium, manganese, zinc, boron and iron.

Chloride-sulphate

It is shown in chronic intestinal pathologies with complications in its reflex activity. This medicinal water is very useful for obesity, diabetes and bile duct diseases. Especially popular in this category are "Essentuki-17" and "Ekateringofskaya" water. The taste of the water is soda- salty, and the smell is completely unpleasant, something resembling a rotten egg, but the mineralization (and hence the healing properties) is high, and the composition includes boron, bromine, iron, arsenic and many other biologically active elements.

Hydrocarbonate sulfate calcium

This therapeutic and table mineral water is prescribed for chronic pathologies of the intestine, ulcerous diseases of the stomach and duodenum, as well as a number of other diseases, in particular, for enterocolitis and colitis. This class is also referred to as "Borjomi", "Narzan", "Essentuki No. 20" and "Smirnovskaya" water.

"Smirnovskaya" - therapeutic and table water with a small share of mineralization (3-4 g / l) is rich in sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate and hydrocarbonate. Like other waters of this class can be used for a long time (but only in certain quantities) and is shown exclusively for medicinal purposes. It is important to exclude the use of this water in case of exacerbation of the above diseases.

"Essentuki No. 20" - is distinguished by its unique origin. The value of water lies in its exceptional natural purity, which does not require any additional purification. Obtained only in the Caucasian Mineral Waters. Due to the excellent taste qualities and natural origin of water, it can be consumed without any restrictions. The composition contains sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, as well as chloride, sulfate and hydrogen carbonate. It is claimed that the daily consumption of this water helps to cope even with such a delicate problem as sexual impotence.

Hydrocarbonate-chloride-sulphate

It is prescribed for such pathologies in the body, as reduced gastric secretion and gastritis. Such medicinal waters include "Essentuki No. 17", "Essentuki No. 4", "Narzan", "Azov". The composition of the mineral water "Essentuki No. 4" is distinguished by a rather dense concentration of mineral salts (7-10 g / l). It is saturated with hydrocarbons, potassium, sodium and chlorides, contains calcium, sulphates and magnesium. To preserve all the medicinal properties, water is bottled directly at the place of its extraction. With the help of a special mineral water pipeline, it passes three stages of filtration, absolutely not in contact with air, for the complete preservation of all volatile substances in it.

Bicarbonate water

Depending on the way it is used, it stimulates or slows down the gastric secretion. Most often used for the treatment of urolithiasis. Hydrocarbonate waters are ideal for those who love sports, because they help to quickly restore the reserve level of alkali in the body with increased work of muscles. To drink them throughout the day is not recommended, but a few sips before the start of training and a couple of glasses at the end of it will help the body to quickly recover. The most famous brands are Borjomi and Essentuki No. 17.

Sulphated water

Helps in the work of the digestive tract. It is used for chronic hepatitis, diabetes, obesity. The composition of mineral water includes calcium, sodium, magnesium, chlorine. This so-called bitter water contributes to the production of bile and the removal of harmful cholesterol and toxic substances from the body. Among the most popular in this class are "Essentuki No. 4", "Borjomi", "Essentuki No. 17", "Smirnovskaya", "Ekateringofskaya", "Berezovskaya" and other brands.

How to choose the right water

Curative properties have absolutely the entire table mineral water. Its names indicate a number of qualities that affect the body in a special way. This should be known and considered when buying. So, for example, water "Essentuki No. 4" is drunk on a specially defined scheme. For 30-40 minutes before the first meal in the morning (on an empty stomach) one glass is drunk, the same volume should be drunk before dinner, and the third one can be used in the evening, immediately after coming from work. During the time that dinner is prepared, the water will have time to digest and prepare the digestive tract for work. If you can not keep the scheme completely, you can leave only morning and evening receptions. The main thing here is observance of the important rule: water to drink for half an hour, maximum hour, before meals. Here the cumulative effect is important and after a month the results of a positive effect on the body will necessarily become visible.

Table mineral waters of Russia are on sale in a very large assortment. Below are the main, pleasant to taste and most commonly used as a daily table drink.

- "Karmadon" - refers to the curative, but is often used as a dining room, it has an elevated content of hydrocarbonates.

- "Kuyalnik" - is extracted from a source located in Odessa, has a pleasant taste and helps in the treatment of many chronic pathologies.

- "Alma-Ata" - its source is located near the Ili River, not far from the city of Almaty, it is used as a dining room, but it is especially useful in diseases of the liver and stomach.

- "Borjomi" - world-famous carbonated mineral water, excellent in taste and well-satisfying thirst.

- "Kievskaya" - processed by ions of silver, produced in an experimental plant, enjoys good demand among buyers.

- "Kishinevskaya" - low-mineralized water, ideal for daily use, is useful due to its sulphate-hydrocarbonate-magnesium-sodium-calcium composition.

- Narzan is another world-famous table mineral water, the source is located in Kislovodsk. It is perfectly refreshed and highly appreciated by consumers due to a number of medicinal properties.

- "Polustrovskaya" - has been known since 1718. The source is located near the city of St. Petersburg. Due to the high iron content, it rapidly increases and normalizes the level of hemoglobin in the blood, struggles with the decline of strength and anemia.

- "Kherson" - another glandular water, slightly mineralized, can be consumed daily, but is especially recommended for the decline of strength and anemia.

- "Kharkov" - is produced in two types, No. 1 and No. 2, is effective in case of metabolic disorders, has a somewhat unusual taste, is good after serving hot dishes.

- "Essentuki" - the famous dining room sparkling mineral water, the numbering on bottles occurs according to its sources of origin, which are located in the famous resort and in the Stavropol Territory.

- Essentuki No. 20 is a mineralized water, has a sourish taste of carbon dioxide, is positioned as a medical-dining room.

- "Obolonskaya" - water with excellent taste, chloride-hydrocorbate-sodium-magnesium, an excellent option as a dining room.

- "Sairme" - is often used for obesity and bad metabolism, pleasant to taste, the source is located in the same resort in Georgia.

Quality dining mineral water must meet a number of standards.

1. Obtain only from a natural source and spill in close proximity to it.
2. Be officially registered.
3. Sold only in its original form. Without the use of other cleaning methods. The use of filters is permissible only in exceptional situations, for example, if there are undesirable substances in the composition and for removing mechanical impurities.

To distinguish high-quality mineral water from ordinary drinking water is possible with the help of GOST or TU, which each manufacturer is obliged to indicate on the label:

- old GOST 13273-88 and new GOST 54316-2011 - this is real natural mineral water;

- Well No. and TU 9185 (the remaining figures may vary) also indicate the quality of the water;

- the inscription TU 0131 says that we have ordinary drinking water.