Floor parquet. What is parquet? Types, manufacture and laying of parquet

Quite often today, the repair uses parquet. What is it is itself - you can learn about it in detail from the article. This type of flooring is a material that can be a shield, piece or set. On the features and varieties and will be discussed below. However, this information is not so important when there is a need to properly lay the plates, calculating the distance from the wall to the wall.

Basic types of parquet

On sale you can find several varieties of parquet, among them:

• natural;
• piece;
• Massive board.

Piece parquet today is the most common. It is represented by a set of slats with grooves and ridges for fixation. The material is made of hardwood, and the planks can consist of valuable hardwood and coniferous species. The thickness of the material varies between 15-22 mm, while the length reaches 500 mm. As for the width, the "Oak" parquet, for example, can be limited to 75 mm.

Before many other types of environmentally friendly material, piece has many advantages, namely:

• Long service life;
• The possibility of mounting with the formation of various drawings, including artwork;
• Possibility of multiple repairs.

So, you also decided to choose a parquet. What is its styling and what kinds of species you must know. For example, a massive board also refers to a parquet and is its variety. From the above material, it differs in size and in that it does not allow the installation to be done by a multitude of drawings. A massive board is more expensive and involves more solid wood. Structurally, in such a board, a ridge, groove, wear layer and front side are selected. The comb serves to connect to adjacent boards, and the groove is a notch on the end and side edges, which includes a comb for fixing with adjacent elements.

What else you need to know about the parquet

The top layer is called the wear layer, and its service life determines the lifetime of the parquet coating. The thicker the wear layer, the more grinding can be done. If you are interested in parquet, what is the layer of wear, you should learn first.

Well, as the main distinguishing feature of a massive board are the dimensions. The bars have a length of 500 mm, the thickness is on average 32 mm, for this indicator the maximum deviation in both sides is 1 mm.

Production technology

Parquet "Oak" can become the most reliable, natural and beautiful floor covering, if the rules of production are observed. Durability will depend on the quality of the materials used, and also on the process. This floor covering is manufactured according to one technological scheme, but each manufacturer applies its own recipes.

At first, the wooden workpiece is sawed on the machine on separate boards, which allows you to get a certain thickness and width. Further, the boards are sawn across, this makes it possible to form blanks of a certain length. At the same time defective areas are rejected. Parquet floor is made by the method of milling from 4 sides, which allows to obtain the desired geometric shape and to form the base surfaces. To obtain a groove and a crest, the boards are also milled. After this, the elements are processed until a clean face is obtained.

The final stage

On the milling machine, slots and ridges are cut at the ends of the parquet strip, and after the board are packed. If it is a multi-layered board, the technology becomes more complex. In this case, different types of wood are glued together. As a rule, low-value rocks are used to create a substrate, while valuable rocks are used to form the face layer. From the correct selection of wood, production features and the state of the kind of varnish and glue will depend on the durability, aesthetic appearance and reliability of the finishing material.

Parquet laying: preparation

If you decide to use parquet when repairing the floor, what is its accurate and correct styling, it is worth to know. However, for a successful outcome of the work, it is important not only this, but also the master's awareness on many other issues. At the first stage, it is necessary to align the roughing surface. Its quality will directly affect the service life of the floor covering.

If the base is defective, the parquet can become covered with cracks, the crests will break, and the floor will creak at the same time. This will lead to the need for additional grinding, which will thin the working material. In order to avoid such consequences, light parquet should be laid on a properly leveled surface. To do this, you can use a technique in which the floor is filled with a screed. Elevation differences within 2 cm can be removed by grinding the concrete floor. In the future, a cement-sand screed or polymer leveling solution can be poured onto such a surface.

Cement-sand screed should be left for 4 weeks before parquet laying . If you plan to glue the boards to the primed screed, then it is necessary to fill it with the use of a cement mix of M-150 grade. You can apply the brand M-300. These formulations will have a high compressive strength, and the adhesive should be elastic. If you plan to lay a waterproof plywood on top, then you do not need to wait for full hardening. 28 days will be enough.

Recommendations for the installation of parquet

Parquet, the price of which can vary depending on the quality of the wood and the manufacturer, can be laid, for example, in herringbone or mosaic modules. If you decide to resort to angular styling, you must start from the central row. In the center of the room from the wall to the wall, the master should pull the cord along which you will be guided. Next in the course are two parquet slats, which are joined together by a Christmas tree. On the spike and groove, as well as the ends should be applied glue. The composition must be treated with a base of plywood, it is necessary to start from the far wall. Use a notched trowel.

The slats are pressed against the surface in such a way that the excess glue comes out. If additional mechanical fastening is used in the form of self-tapping screws or nails, they must be screwed into the groove at an angle of 45 °. After the surface has been smeared on the width of the bar, you can attach it by inserting into the end and longitudinal grooves of the previous element. You can seal the connection of the laths with a rubber mallet.

Piece parquet can be stacked according to the following technology. First, mount the charges according to the type of the beacon tree, right and left. After that there is a row to the left of the Christmas tree, then to the right. By this principle, it is necessary to act, gradually expanding the installation area. Near the walls, the place should be filled with cut strips, installing wedges to fill the gap of 3 mm.

Restoration of the floor

If you need to restore a heavily trampled, untreated and worn parquet, on the surface of which there are undulating cavities and cracks, you can do without replacing the cover, but in this case the restoration is better to entrust to professionals. Restoration of a parquet can be necessary and in the event that it was swollen after flooding. This kind of floor is recommended for specialists to rest, and after drying, even old parquettes can go in the case, but the whole complex of cycle and varnishing works will be required.

If the plates are darkened, and the wood is loose, it will require a complete replacement of the parquet. It is necessary to dry the room and prepare the base surface. Sometimes it can save ordinary cosmetic putty. To do this, purchase a restoration paste of the appropriate shade. However, you can prepare the mixture yourself, if you have some old parquet in stock. To do this, they saw, and the shavings are added to the parquet varnish, until you can get the consistency of sour cream. To the varnish you can add a sawdust filler in the proportion of 4 to 1.

Restoration of the parquet can be carried out using manual coding technology, for this you should purchase the tool with the same name. You can make a twig by yourself, using a plane and a piece of iron for this. In the end, you should get something like a machine or manual cycle.

Cost

The production of parquet from different companies may differ. Sometimes this affects the cost. And the average price of a modern parquet is 800 rubles. Per square meter. Such material can be made of oak wood. The lamellas in this case will have a size of 8 x 22, 8 x 160 mm. Parquet, the price of which you already know, after a while after use may require repair. The most common work - a cycle, for 1 square meter which you have to pay 350 rubles. If the work will be done at the rate of "Euro", then for 1 square meter the price will be 650 rubles.

Conclusion

Until recently, parquet used to be called a cover made of natural wood, but the development of technology and the rise in price of natural materials influenced the fact that the device of the floors and the manufacture of parquet are carried out a little differently than before.