Symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Causal factors and treatment

Under atopic dermatitis is meant a chronic relapsing disease, grounded by an allergic genesis. Previously, it was known as Pruerigo Bénier, now its name is also often used: common, disseminated or diffuse neurodermatitis. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis depend on the course of the disease, on the features of its manifestation in different age periods, which are conventionally divided into infant, child and adult.

More often the disease manifests itself in childhood, In adults it occurs in the form of exacerbations. Complex signs of pseudoallergia, atopy, vegetative disorders, itching, exudative lichenoid (similar to flat lichen), eczematous skin rashes are the most characteristic symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

In children, the disease is expressed by rashes on the face, more often on the skin of the cheeks and forehead, neck, hands, changes on the extensor surface of the forearms, shins, on the skin of the buttocks and trunk may appear. Otseous red spots can show a tendency to form solid lesions, which are covered with crusts due to scratching.

The disease can persist even in adulthood, it then subsides, then recurs. Then it gradually passes, but the skin remains prone to itching, various inflammatory reactions in response to various exogenous stimuli. Susceptibility to pollen, domestic, bacterial and epidermal allergens is often the cause of atopic dermatitis in adults. Symptoms of it appear as foci of skin lichenization, which are localized in the folds of the body, on the neck, forehead, near the eyes. In elderly people, dermatitis is usually expressed in the form of peeling papular exudative plaques. They are characterized by less characteristic localization, often manifested in the form of eczema of chronic brushes. But at times rashes can change their character, become generalized. This explains the features of the different expression of the characteristics that characterize atopic dermatitis. Symptoms of the photo show in all diversity In atlases of skin diseases. Some of them can be seen in this article. So, in elderly people, a frequent symptom is prurigopodobnye papules, the skin becomes dry and somewhat erythematous.

In modern medicine, atopic dermatitis is called a hereditary allergy, arising on a fairly wide range of substances. The leading causative factors of the disease are genetic predisposition, impaired immunological mechanisms, stress, hypothermia, contact with allergens, ecological conditions. The disease is a multistage long-term process. Symptoms of atopic dermatitis, regardless of age, are always accompanied by itching. This is the most constant and expressed sign on the basis of which often there are many rashes on the skin. Prolonged scratching of the skin due to itching leads to lichenization and causes a secondary infection. Itching is sometimes so insurmountable that the patient does not feel pain. Opening vesicles lead to the appearance of wet sores and abrasions, the formation of crusts.

Symptoms of atopic dermatitis are often particularly acute in the winter. Dry skin at this time greatly increases and becomes ichthyous, appear at the lower eyelids of the Denis line, lymph nodes increase, itching can become so strong that it causes psychoemotional disorders. In general, the manifestations of dermatitis are quite variable and depend on the age category of the patient, the course of the disease and its severity, the state of the environment and many others.

The scheme of therapy of the disease is established by the doctor on an individual basis and includes antihistamines, anti-inflammatory and other means. At all stages of treatment, the elimination of disease-provoking factors is provided, the patient is recommended to observe hygiene, diet.