Surface grinding machine: technical specifications

Surface grinding refers to special machines used to clean the surface of products from unnecessary layers. Most often this type of equipment is used for processing of wood blanks. However, a surface grinding machine for metal is also a fairly common kind of aggregates. They are used for processing parts made of steel, aluminum, copper, etc.

A bit of history

Invented surface grinding machine was in 1874 in America. Initially, as a working tool, circles cut from whole pieces of various abrasive rocks were used. Since they had to be changed frequently, such aggregates were not particularly spread at that time. However, already in 1893, after the invention of artificial abrasives, surface grinding machines became very popular and popular.

What are the

Appliances of this type are used for:

• Roughing blanks;

• Cutting and cutting;

• Precise surface treatment of parts;

• Cleaning of the teeth of the wheels;

• Final machining of threads, etc.

The main feature of these machines is that they are designed specifically for finishing the details with a flat surface. To refine the form of the workpiece they are not used.

Operating principle

The operation of this type of equipment is based on a very simple principle. The turning of the workpiece is performed by means of a rotating abrasive wheel with a high speed. In motion, the latter is driven by an electric motor. In this case, the treatment can be performed both by the surface of the circle and by its end face. Today on sale there are also machines of this type with two circles, which are characterized by very high productivity.

In most cases, the surface grinding machine functions as follows:

• The electric motor rotates the gear pump, which pumps oil into the channels of the hydraulic system.

• The last, hitting the switch box, comes to the start crane.

• When the crane is turned on, the oil flows into the part feeding cylinder and moves the piston, and at the same time the table attached to it.

• At the end of its turn, the table turns the tap of the switch, which is responsible for directing the oil to either side of the feed cylinder spool.

• The direction of the oil current thus changes to the opposite and the table begins to move after it.

Design Features

Grinding machines of this type are usually characterized by increased strength, since the parts processed on them usually have considerable weight in most cases. The maximum allowable mass of the workpiece is 600 kg, and the height is 280 mm.

A column of this type of machine is fixed on a pedestal, molded in one piece with the bed. In its middle part it has a depression, on both sides of which there are guides. At the last moves the carriage. On it fixed horizontal guides, designed for the spindle head.

The workpiece in such machines is fixed either directly on the table, or using special magnetic clamps. Sometimes mechanical fixations are used to fix the part.

The table surface grinding machine can be round or rectangular. Depending on this, the way of feeding the part is selected: longitudinal or circular. Sometimes equipment of this type is used to process parts of a very large area. In this case, a transverse flow technique is used. The surface of the table surface grinding machine is equipped with a special fluoroplastic coating. This ensures smooth movement and durability.

The spindle of the surface grinder can be placed in different ways. On this basis, the equipment is divided into vertical and horizontal. Each of these groups has both advantages and disadvantages.

Like any other, surface grinding machines are indicated by conditional serial numbers. The functionality of the equipment can not be determined by such an inscription. For this you need to study the passport of the surface grinding machine.

Grinding of parts with butt

There are several types of similar processing of parts:

• Multipass. In this case, the workpiece is installed on the working surface and moves at a speed of about 45 m / s. In this case, the part moves several times under the circle, and the last one is gradually fed to the depth until a layer of metal or wood of the required thickness is removed.

• Single-pass. This technique is used on machines with a round table. In this case, the tool is fed all the way vertically in one pass.

• Two-sided. On such equipment simultaneously both ends of the workpiece are processed.

Grinding peripherals

This method is used for processing parts made of not too rigid materials. Peripheral grinding can be:

• Deep. In this case, a very large layer of material is removed for each processing cycle.

• With mortise feed. This technique is used to process those blanks in which the height is greater than the width.

• With intermittent feed. This technology allows you to produce the highest quality grinding even very large workpieces.

Circles of surface grinding machines

These tools can be produced in the form of a washer or cylinder. They consist of grains of various abrasive materials of high rigidity, fastened together by a ceramic, volcanic or bakelite bond. Grinding wheels can have different sizes and profiles. They are selected depending on the brand of the machine and the type of parts processed on it.

Optional equipment

Very often, such equipment as a cooling unit is connected to a surface grinding machine. It is necessary to reduce the temperature of the working parts of the machine during the processing of parts. This allows you to significantly extend their service life.

Also in machines of this type, additional equipment can be used, such as feeding and receiving roller conveyors, speed inverters, various kinds of units for cleaning coolant, etc.

Specifications

Machines of this type can vary in power, performance and functionality. Schemes of surface grinding machines are presented on this page. Specifications for this type of equipment may be different. Next, let's see what parameters such machines can have on the example of the very popular 3G71 model. This unit is intended only for peripheral grinding of blanks. In its design includes a bed, a column with a head, a desk and a hydraulic system.

From the table below, you can find out what the machine has a surface grinding technical characteristics.

Despite the fact that the surface grinding machine 3G71 was developed in the USSR, it is still used in production and is considered to be quite productive and reliable. Based on it, more advanced and expensive machines 3Г71М are designed.