State Enterprise "Malyshev Plant", Kharkov: history, production, products

SE "Malyshev Plant" is known as a large manufacturer of armored vehicles and power plants for tanks, armored personnel carriers, diesel locomotives. During the Soviet Union was a leading defense enterprise. It is located in Kharkov, Ukraine.

Becoming

The establishment of the Malyshev plant dates back to 1895, when the production of steam locomotives and related equipment was opened in Kharkov near the central station. In 1911 the enterprise mastered the production of gas engines and diesel generators.

In Soviet times, the organization was called "Malyshev Transport Engineering Plant". In the factory design bureau was developed and subsequently introduced into the series tank T-34. An important direction of work was the production of oil and gas equipment.

Prior to the war, ZIM remained a large production site with the widest range of products. In its shops, steam locomotives, caterpillar tractors, motors (including ships) were assembled. The mastering of technologies for making cast armor promoted the development of tank building in the enterprise.

In the Great Patriotic Plant named after Malyshev evacuated for the Urals, where he continued the release of the T-34 and its modifications. After the war, production was restored to its original location.

Development

After the war on the basis of ZIM, for the first time in the USSR, the production of the main diesel locomotives of the TE series and diesel engines for them of the D100 model, which issued 2000 liters, was started. from. The era of locomotives came to an end. Since the 50s, the development of tractors has been actively pursued. In particular, the snowmobile "Kharkovchanka" was used in Antarctica. BTM-3 tractors are designed for the army.

With the growth of international tension, the Malyshev plant in Kharkov again had to develop armored vehicles. Since 1964 T-64 tanks have been manufactured, and the production of turbo-piston diesels of 5TDF with a capacity of 700 liters is also set here. from. In the 80s, the engineers of the company designed a unique T-80UD tank, which was distinguished by its high speed due to the unique diesel 6TD-1.

The technique of that period underlies modern modernized models of "Oplot", "Bulat", "Yatagan". Today the SE "Malyshev Plant" continues evolutionary development of tanks and light armored vehicles.

Modern Heavy Armored Vehicles

The enterprise produces:

• The main tank of the series "Oplot". It is based on the T-80UD model, which underwent a thorough modernization. The power unit has become even more powerful, its design can withstand high temperatures, which gives advantages when operating in hot regions. Optoelectronic systems and sighting systems have been improved, armor protection has been strengthened.
• The "Yatagan" tank was developed according to NATO standards (it has a 120 mm cannon). Unitary shots of various types are placed in the loading machine at the stern of the tower (22 rounds), the rest - in the mechanized packing of the hull.
• The tank "Bulat" (modernized T-64B). His reservation is reinforced by establishing passive protection, installing dynamic defense and an air defense complex. Improved aiming and fire control systems. With the installation of the engine 5TD increased mobility.

Light armored vehicles

This category includes:

• BTR-4 - all-wheel drive, armored, floating machine class 8x8. The armored personnel carrier is created as the base unit of the new generation. The design and layout of the machine allow the modification, differing in the level of protection and installed weapons, without significant changes. This makes it possible to use it in motorized rifle divisions of the ground forces as a highly protected vehicle, or BMP. A large useful volume of the housing provides the placement of various equipment.
• Dozor-B is a relatively light 4x4 armored vehicle with a payload of 2 tons. It is used to deliver military equipment, weapons, and personnel.
• BMP-2 modernized. Thanks to the design changes and the more powerful 3TD motor, the mobility of the model increased. Engineers of the Malyshev plant adapted the engine to hot climatic conditions.
• BTR-50 (OT-62 Topaz). The modernization goal is to improve the tactical, technical and operational characteristics of the previously produced and discontinued armored personnel carriers BTR-50. Combat capabilities are increased by replacing the regular power plant with a B-6 engine and a five-speed transmission.

Modernization

At the enterprise, the production capacities are being updated. Over the past year, the equipment was repaired at UAH 2.1 million. CNC machines for plasma cutting have been purchased, which have made it possible to speed up the operations of cutting and cutting sheet metal, including armored steel. This allowed us to change the technological route itself and achieve a higher quality of manufacturing complex parts.