Spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren (GEF): activities

The history of the development of nations, nations and civilizations proves that overcoming the complexity of the world and its development is carried out with reliance on spirituality and faith. It is worthwhile to pay attention to the fact that at the present stage of development of society among scientists there is an ambiguous attitude toward the educational ideal and the content of the spiritual and moral theme. Spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren should form the personality of the child on the principles of Christian morality, educate the younger generation for the younger generation a deep love for their people, their culture, devotion to the Motherland, contribute to the formation of a high professionalism of the individual and thereby fill with a highly spiritual meaning the modern ideal of upbringing.

The school practice of education proves that no pedagogical systems, no software teaching of morality can replace a person's personal influence on a person, the influence of the teacher on the student. The destiny of the future nation is always determined by the importance of the intelligentsia, which holds the development of education, science and culture in its hands.

Educate not knowledge but people

Teachers, like some of the representatives of the elite stratum of society, alongside scientists, doctors, artists, can promote the flowering of the nation and enrich the spiritual and moral upbringing of schoolchildren. GEF (federal state educational standard) of the second generation should accelerate these processes.

Educate, as a rule, not knowledge, but people who carry this knowledge. A teacher, as a spiritual teacher, can grow a highly spiritual person only when, firstly, his social status changes in society (society must understand the exceptional importance of the teacher's professional mission - the building of the cathedral of the children's soul); Secondly, the process of purposeful, planned, systematic self-improvement will become a necessary, vital condition for the existence of a teacher, this will help to reveal his spiritual and moral potential as a person, as a citizen and as a professional.

Religiosity and patriotism are the main sources of education

In the last decade, more and more political and cultural figures, teachers, parents, conducting the spiritual and moral education of senior students, turn to Christian moral values as the most stable, universal, not subject to political and ideological conjuncture.

The transition period that society is going through today, profound and systemic reforms in the domestic education is a challenge for secular and spiritual educators in search of new concepts, ways and approaches, methods and means in solving complex problems of building a highly spiritual civil society. Therefore, the formation of the spiritual world of children and students, spirituality as the leading quality of personality is a big and complex task, which is at the center of attention of the broad pedagogical community.

Progressive teachers are increasingly placed on the first place in education - the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren. Activities carried out to raise religiosity and patriotism in children are the main sources of spiritual education since the times of Kievan Rus. Serving God and the Fatherland are two absolute values of the Slavic people.

Spiritual and moral paradigm

The gradual growth of theoretical knowledge during the second half of the 20th century can be traced to examples of paradigm shifts and concepts of education, training, education. The paradigm is a model, a system of theoretical, methodological and axiological attitudes, adopted as a model for solving scientific problems by members of a certain scientific society. The spiritual and moral paradigm of upbringing determines the main source of personality development for its spirituality, in its basis - the interaction of the teacher and pupils, based on the system of Christian values.

Purpose - Service to God and the Fatherland. This task in teaching as one of the main was determined by the All-Russian Internet pedagogical council. Spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren is the creation of such conditions of the child's life in which he could reach the peaks in his development, the tops of his spirituality and morality, the intellect and the sensory sphere, the physical state and creative achievements through the affirmation of Christian values in life, Values of culture. The spiritual and moral paradigm of upbringing is a purposeful spiritually oriented process of the child's development of a hierarchical world of values that determines the purpose and meaning of one's own being.

The principle of building a modern educational process

Analysis of the pedagogical heritage allows us to state that the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren has improved. GEF gives a clear definition of the principles of building a modern educational process on the basis of the spiritual and moral model of upbringing:

• National self-identification of the person;
• Unity of cultural, spiritual and intellectual educational environment;
• Religious education;
• The ratio of the overall goal to the development of the spirituality of the child;
• Integration of the mind and faith.

These principles are realized through the system of rules of moral behavior, which allows both the pupil and the teacher in the process of spiritual and moral interaction to realize the vector of personal growth and to feel the importance of their personality for other people.

The content of this model of upbringing sets the goals of the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren in mastering the absolutely eternal, Christian, national, civil, ecological, aesthetic, intellectual values of being. The mechanism of functioning of the spiritual and moral paradigm of an outstanding teacher in modern conditions of organization and functioning of the educational process is the value-semantic spiritual highly moral personal interaction between the teacher and students. These provisions require their further justification, which will create a system of methods, methods and means, types and forms of professional activity of the teacher and finally solve the problems of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren.

The teacher as a key figure

The key figure of modern processes of modernization of the national education system is undoubtedly the teacher. The level of professional and personal culture of the teacher should at the proper level ensure the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren. The GEF entails new requirements for the professional and personal culture of the teacher, recommends that substantial changes be made in the methodology, content, technology of continuing teacher education, and also bring them in line with educational and cultural realities. However, the main issue still remains the question of the professional and personal competence of the teacher on the quality of the organization of the educational process in a modern general education institution.

Competence

Competence is considered by pedagogical science as a concept of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren, as well as the ability of a teacher's personality to operate skillfully and efficiently not only under standard conditions, but also to solve professional tasks in situations requiring creative approach.

In most countries, the indicator of the teacher's performance of his professional mission is competence as an integral social-personality-behavioral phenomenon, combining the motivational, value, cognitive and activity components. The tasks of the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren include methodological, psychological-pedagogical, special-subject and methodological components. However, all of them are derived from his world outlook competence, determine the vector of personal growth of the teacher as a person, citizen and professional.

The complex of formed key world outlook competencies is presented in the life of the teacher of social, economic, multicultural, information and communication, political and legal, as well as competence in the sphere of personal life.

One of the central concepts of pedagogy is the concept of personality. The doctrine of personality is the methodological basis of any pedagogical system. The modern teacher should understand that the formation of the child's personality concerns not only the development of the leading mental processes, but first of all this is the spiritual education of the schoolchildren. "Pictures of good and evil," which today are presented in modern secular pedagogy, are relative in nature, in the Christian religion, evil can not be justified and aesthetized.

World outlook erudition

World outlook erudition of the teacher consists in the formation of a special spiritual style of professional activity, communication and relationships, and influences the spiritual and moral upbringing of schoolchildren. The GEF in the new edition gives the teacher a boost to the desire to become a highly spiritual personality, to cultivate a number of qualities that characterize his life position as a constant predominance of spiritual values over material values, a striving for the better, which should especially be seen in his highly moral activity, Abilities, talent, creative forces, awareness of the criterion for the choice of values - Christian morality, national culture, expansion of opportunities to comprehend happiness.

Spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren: events

1. The formation of morality, the desire of the individual for spiritual perfection (the invariable adherence to the norms of morality in any life situations).
2. Mastering the content of the spiritual culture of the people (deep knowledge in the field of art, mythology, world and national literature, broad erudition, independent judgments, competence in the field of national culture, its religious component: iconography, temple culture, spiritual music, interest in the inner world of the individual, Interest in philosophical and religious teachings).
3. Formation of citizenship, national identity (deep knowledge of the history and traditions of their people, their families, developed sense of duty and responsibility to their country and people, civic virtue, etc.).

The path of development of professional competence

In harmony of the state of mind of the teacher is the main concept of spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren. Harmoniousness should be understood not as the development of all human properties to the same level, but as a kind of integrity, in which each ability occupies a particular place in connection with its role in life.

Harmony of the life of a modern teacher

1. Harmony in relations with other people, with the external environment. It is achieved through the Christian understanding of love - treat your neighbor the way you would like to be treated. In the sphere of teacher-student interaction, this level assumes the equality of subjects and affirms in everyday life a sense of dignity. Practical embodiment of it is the charitable actions of the teacher and students.
2. Harmony with its own conscience, which provides inner peace of mind of the individual. If the teacher values his own inner harmony, he is fair when he is angry; Says the truth when it is profitable to deceive; Honestly performs its work, when it can be done differently.
3. Harmony with the Absolute of Good is to love good and resist evil. In the professional activity of such a teacher, benevolence, humanity, faith, hope, love, empathy, mercy and optimism dominate.

Principles of spiritual education

The experience of Christian Orthodox education shows that it is impossible to organize the spiritual life of a person through the development of his psycho-physiological functions. You can not come to spiritual growth through the development of only the intellect, only freedom or feelings, although spiritual life is mediated by the development of these components.

A person by nature tends to build up his own spiritual field no matter what eyes he looks at the world - through the eyes of a Christian or a materialist. An essential feature of spirituality is that it is always inherent in a certain direction - the focus on the ideal, which is based on faith in it.

Faith is the natural need of the human soul, which is the source of positive motivation for human behavior; It is the basis of the upbringing process, the foundation of the convictions of the individual. The main question is about what the child can and should believe in, what to look for spiritual support. Integrity of educational activity is based on the interaction of faith and values, the unity of which convincingly shows the practice of popular education. Values are appropriated by man primarily through faith, because it belongs to the instrument of spiritual knowledge.

Value Systems

Education of spirituality of schoolchildren within the framework of a secular approach requires the formation of a system of values as the basis of the meaning of human life, the pursuit of the eternal ideals of Good, Truth and Beauty. If a society consists of people experiencing the harmony of the soul, then it itself becomes balanced, harmonious, because as a whole the moral state of society is determined by the moral state of its members.

It is only through self-knowledge that the teacher realizes his own importance and, through self-improvement, attains the heights of human dignity, spiritual renewal, comes to the true faith and active life.

One should always remember the instructions of John Chrysostom: "Your children will always live in prosperity, when they will receive from you a good upbringing, capable of ordering their morals and behavior, so do not try to make them rich, but take care to grow them by the pious masters of their passions, Rich virtues. "