Sports and FitnessExtreme sports

Slalom is a sport for the desperate

The sports term "slalom" is the designation of movement at speed along a certain route, as a rule, very meandering. In translation from Norwegian it means "a trace on a slope". Slalom is a sport that can be:

  • Mountainous;
  • Air;
  • Water;
  • Automotive.

History of slalom

The first time in 1767 in Norway held competitions for skiers on an unusual route. He was laid on a forest slope overgrown with bushes. Separately, the first start for slalomists was organized in 1879 (also in Norway). The site for the competition was Mount Gubcy, located near the current Oslo.

But all the same, the first full-scale skiing competitions (since 1905) were held by the Austrians in the Alps. The program of the World Ski Championships in 1931 already included a slalom, and since 1936 skiing has become an Olympic kind. At the Olympic Games, prizes are awarded separately for men and women athletes, mountain skiers.

Water slalom

To feel the speed of descent and the danger of adventure in the summer will help the rowing slalom. Competitions on the water in canoes or kayaks in the Olympics athletes began not so long ago, since 1992. And this discipline was included in the list of Olympic sports again. The first time the Olympic awards were played in 1972.

Competitions are held on natural rivers or artificial waterways with a water flow speed of at least 2 meters per second. In this sport there are subtleties and nuances. The athlete manages the boat by tilting his body in a variety of planes in combination with a paddle wagon.

The routes are divided into 5 difficulty levels. This depends on the speed of the current, the length of the route, the number and complexity of obstacles. Some of them are built in such a way that the participants need to overcome them, swimming against the current.

In general, the length of the route is from 250 to 400 meters, the number of obstacles varies from 18 to 25 with difficulty up to the 3rd category. The maximum distance in the slalom is 800 meters (25-30 obstacles).

By types of boats are divided into canoes and kayaks. They are mainly made of plastic. Boats should be fast and easy to manage. To manage them athletes need:

  • Excellent coordination;
  • courage;
  • Fulminating reaction;
  • Developed tactical thinking;
  • Physical endurance.

Mountains and slalom

The most spectacular slalom is mountain. It, in turn, is divided into several independent types:

  • parallel;
  • single;
  • Supergiant;
  • Slalom-giant;
  • Parallel giant.

All of the above disciplines apply to skis. In addition, mountain slalom can be conducted on snowboards. This is a fairly young sport. Snowboarders, unlike skiers, stand on the monolith sideways to the track. The Olympic discipline of slalom on snowboards became only towards the end of the 90s.

Slalom slalom requirements

All tracks meet certain requirements, mandatory for a particular type of competition. As for the slalom discipline, this is:

  • Length of the route (the largest - for giant slalom, up to 1000 meters);
  • Elevation difference (the maximum figure is 300 meters);
  • The number of turns on the road is at least 11%, a maximum of 15% of the altitude difference;
  • The width of the gate is not less than 4 and not more than 8 meters.

The average speed on the descent route is 40 km / h, and on a supergiant snowboarder can accelerate and up to 100 kilometers per hour. For comparison - on mountain skiing speed can be 150 km / hour.

Slalom competitions are held at the Paralympic Games. Since 2014, there have been six such disciplines. In addition to the usual (slalom, giant slalom, supergiant, supercombination, downhill) was added and slalom on snowboards. Despite the complexity of its development and the danger of injury, the popularity of slalom in all its manifestations is not decreasing.

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