Russian horse breed of horses: description, characteristics, history of the breed. Sports horses

Russian horse - a breed of horses, derived from the eagle and Rostopchin blood. In the XIX century, it was these horses that were valued above all in the cavalrymen, and also used for the arenas. In the XX century, the original breed was lost, and attempts to restore it for a long time ended in failure.

Historical vicissitudes

In the 80s of the last century the Russian horse breed of horses yet Was recreated. An event occurred thanks to the efforts and talents of the horse breeders of the Timiryazev Academy. The novelty was registered in 1999. These days these are the only horses in the veins of which the blood of the famous eagle-Rostopchin horses flows.

Standards

There are official documents regulating what is the Russian horse breed of horses.

The growth parameters shown in the table are valid for horses from four years old.

Males, cm	Females, cm
165-170	161-166

A young horse is less taller, but must reach its specified height by the time it reaches its fourth birthday.

Other options

For Russian mounts the following types of color are allowed:

• Bay, including dark;
• Raven wing;
• Karakova.

As follows from the list, there are mainly horses of dark colors. But brown, red colorations are very rare. If the young horse is not of an unofficial color, it does not participate in further breeding.

Very rarely among the representatives of the named breed one can see carriers of atypical suits (gray or brown). Lowly evaluated specimens, whose heads, limbs are decorated with large white marks.

Appearance, type

Russian horse breeds of horses are strong animals, looking very elegant. They have characteristic for the upper animal forms, lines. The body is closest to the square shape.

The horse in the structure meets the standards imposed on all such animals in the sport. At the same time, breeders are trying to ensure that its type is the most consistent with the eagle-Rostopchinsky.

Now this sporting breed of horses is still actively developing. As professional horse breeders say, over time, the existing heterogeneity will be completely eliminated. This can be achieved by breeding within the breed. Another effective method is consolidation.

beauty and health

Sports horses of Russia are surprisingly aesthetic, and yet Russian horse-riding is by right the best example of such animals. The constitution is harmonious, the musculature is strong, powerful tendons and ligaments are present.

This medium-sized sports horse has a head, and the structure of the skull is such that the forehead is wide and straight. Less common are concave lines. The eyes of the horse look stern, they are expressive and beautiful. Ears are usually medium, and the neck is long.

The pedigree horse is characterized by distinct outlines of the occiput, the height at the withers is average. The blades are also average. Thoroughbred Russian horse breeds of horses are distinguished by a straight back and slightly squashed croup, where powerful muscles are located.

The horse's sternum is deep, usually of medium size. The horses of this breed are characterized by false ribs. The horses' legs are regular, even, beautiful, without flaws. You can admire and hoofs - they are all of the correct form.

Attractive Russian horse with its beautiful mane, to the touch like silk, but quite thick. Beautiful thick, long tail.

Animal is not easy

The Russian horse is famous among the breeders for its intelligence and a propensity for contacts. The horses of this breed are characterized by curiosity. They are energetic animals, kind, alive, active.

It is worth remembering that it is unacceptable such a dressage of horses, as if you are only dealing with a sporting projectile. The animal feels this attitude, and with rudeness from the rider responds the same, which creates an abundance of problems.

But if the rider is skilled, sensitive and attentive, the horse will show maximum understanding and obedience. Many note that the horses of this breed tend to the desire for cooperation.

In the cities now there are phlegmatic, indifferent specimens visually similar to the Russian riding. Such obedient, characterless, unattractive animals were often encountered at first, when the breed was withdrawn. Now this behavior and the kind of horse testify either to unclean blood, or to bad dressage.

Breeding

Of course, the content of sports horses is difficult and requires a high level of responsibility. When planning to start an animal, it must be remembered that the Russian mounts are a specialized breed, it was created to participate in departures.

For young representatives, special tests are performed to assess the ability to transfer loads. Largely due to such tests, taking into account their results and choosing the best individuals, horse breeders managed to achieve great success in breeding the breed in just a few decades.

Horses in sports

Russian horsemen can boast rhythmic gait. All copies are good at learning and quickly learn the information. For many individuals, high hopping technique is characteristic.

The history of the breed is rich and glorious. Often, Russian mounted horses took part in the Olympic Games, brought victory to their owners at the World Cups. It is impossible not to mention the fact that in Russia this breed is now the best for sports results. The first position after it has been preserved for two decades.

How did the story begin?

The current Russian horse breed leads its history from the breed that Count Orlov-Chesmensky derived in his possessions. He was the owner of the Khrenovsk plant, where experiments were conducted to create the best horses of that time. Tribal, breeding activities were aimed at obtaining an animal:

• Beautiful;
• Frisky;
• Strong;
• Correct.

It was supposed to be a big horse with a good character and harmonious appearance, with strong and strong legs. Attention was paid to the elegance of the horse and the elegance of its forms, as well as the performance of movements.

The tasks of developing the breed were clever and obedient, good and easily trained. The horse had to cope with considerable physical exertion, be efficient and hardworking.

About those studies that were conducted at the plant, wrote the famous contemporary Count Orlov-Chesmensky Witt. He noted in his notes that the Khrenovsk plant had become a springboard for the creation of such a horse, which would be good both in the campaign, in the parade, and in the arena. If the research had achieved success, the animals would have come up for service in the ranks, for transitions, including heavy and long ones. A high breed, brilliant indicators and spectacular appearance - everything was paid attention.

Getting the desired was not easy

Both the Count and his peasants took part in the work. It seemed that it was impossible to achieve what was desired, so the task was so complex. But there were an unprecedented amount of effort to achieve it.

It was necessary to get the best specimens of the most famous breeds and cross them. So, in work Arabian horses and English mares were used, resorted to an inflow of blood of the Danish, Spanish horses. Each specimen was selected extremely carefully, evaluating a number of parameters.

The surprising result that the count could achieve with his employees was largely due not only to the quality of the biological material, but also to the technical equipment of the workplace. In those days it was an unprecedentedly high level. In addition, the factory strictly observed the rules, regulations, carefully treated animals and competently raised young individuals. The horses at the Khrenov factory were tested and trained with enviable regularity.

Efforts have justified themselves

The forces, financial and time costs applied to the work produced an amazing result. Beautiful, strong horses were created, fully consistent with the task. And to this day, engravings depicting the perfection of the invented breed.

Count Orlov was able to bring out a breed that attracted attention not only in his native country, but captured the whole world. Such horses soon became a welcome addition to the collections of mounted animals of the world's most famous horse breeders. In 1867 three horses of Orel's blood received the highest marks. Their names have been preserved by history to this day: Frant, Pheasant, Torch.

Further development of the breed

A quarter of a century later, another horse breeding plant was opened in the village of Voronovo. Count Rostopchin was its owner. The breeder set himself the task of breeding high-quality riding horses. The method of crossing, to which the Count resorted, was similar to that used before by Orlov-Chesmensky, and a new breed, obtained in the village of Voronovo, was close in its parameters to Orel's blood. However, it is necessary to admit: Rostopchinsky horses were not up to the Oryol ones.

What happened in practice? The cavalry of those times, considered one of the strongest, was manned by horses from both Count Orlov-Chesmensky and Count Rostopchin. For the townsfolk, often the difference between horses was not obvious, so they were all united into one category of high-class horses for cavalry, calling for clarity the eagle-Rostopchinsky. The name did not last long.

A beautiful breed attracted more attention. In 1893 the horse of the Friend took part in an exhibition in Chicago (the breed was already even more often called the Russian horse, and not the eagle-Rostopchin breed). The stallion received the highest award. Seven years later, at the Paris Equestrian Exhibition, a gold medal was awarded to the Russian horse - Bayanchik. And despite such a love of the public, more than once the breed was on the verge of extinction.

Russia was going through a war after the war - then external conflicts, then internal, because of what it was not possible to preserve the mechanism of breeding unique horses. Although earlier the number of livestock was numerous, in the XX century only a few horses remained from it. Budyonny tried to recreate the breed, and real success was achieved only by scientists who worked on breeding horses at the Academy named after Timiryazev.