The Hippodrome is ... Central Moscow Hippodrome

Hippodrome ... Is this an institution or an entertainment place? Now let's try to understand this issue in detail. What is the meaning of the word "racecourse"? This is a special complex of facilities for testing the race, heavy and trotting horses. Also there are equestrian competitions and exhibitions of stallions.

Complex

For most citizens, the racecourse is a place for entertainment, where you can bet on a favorite horse. Although in fact, the sweepstakes appeared much later than just jumps without bets. The very first race track appeared in ancient Greece.

About two thousand years ago such a complex was built in Neme for horse rallies, including for races on such structures as chariots. The name of such an institution has not changed since then. It consists of two words: "hippos" - means a horse, "dromos" is a run. If you literally translate the word "hippodrome", then this is the place for running stallions.

What happens at the racetrack?

Here, trainings and tests of horses are conducted, which come from stud farms, as well as from private owners, so that this or that breed can develop not only externally, but also physically. At the racecourses, the breeds of horses that are bred for speed are tested, not the essence, skakashi or trotters.

You wondered what they are different about? Now tell. Skakashi are riding stallions, so they are experienced at a canter, and trotters are horses that were bred to be effective in harness (trot), that is, with greater smoothness and draft power. All tests are conducted on a race or running circle.

Tracks

The trotters are tested on a treadmill with a width not less than fifteen meters and a length not shorter than 800 from the finishing line of 250 meters or more. Horse stallions are tested on a race circle, the width of which should not be less than 15 meters, and the length - 1600 or more, with a straight line more than 400 meters. To reduce the effect of centrifugal force in the turns of the treadmill, bends are made with an inclination inward by 12 degrees.

Pillars that indicate the starting points at different distances or mark patches are set on the inner edge of the track.

On the large hippodromes inside the circle make a route for steeplechase with obstacles (permanent). In the same place usually do sites where they conduct different equestrian competitions and games.

Track Coverage

As a rule, circles are located between the stands and stables. Since cover tracks for races and races must be different, many racecourses specialize only on one type of test. Although in our time there are universal, for example, the Central Moscow Hippodrome (CMI). There is a racing circle inside the racecourse.

Let's return to the cover. It can be either ground or herbal. Note that the composition of the soil can be different in the number of layers and uniformity. Most often on the racetrack you can see the sandy cover. By the way, this is the most frisky path, but only if it is properly arranged and has a drainage system. In states where a lot of prizes are awarded for middle and sprint distances, most of the racecourses are with sandy paths.

And now let's talk about the most famous such place. Yes, you correctly thought, it will be about the CMR.

Central Moscow Hippodrome

This is one of the largest hippodromes in Russia. It is slightly inferior to Kazan, Rostov and Krasnodar. It is located on Beregovaya Street 22, near the metro station "Begovaya". The Moscow Hippodrome is the state testing and scientific testing ground. In this place they conduct horse riding training.

History

The history of the racecourse began in 1834 (August 1), when the first trotting race took place on the Khodynka Field. In the same year in the territory of this complex, only two racing days were spent, only twelve horses ran.

In the late eighties, improvement began at all distances. To attract more visitors and increase the entertainment of the races, the "fields" (that is, the number of heads of the starting stallions) of the participants were expanded.

At this time, in addition to trotting races and smooth races, the contest-iippiki and steeplechases became popular. To carry them out, there was a special track on the MSC, which crossed the circle in a diagonal direction.

According to the project of the architects Kulagin and Bariutin in the period from 1889 to 1894, the Riding Arbor was built - the main building of this racecourse. In 46 years it was reconstructed by Zholtovsky (academician).

Since 1918 the complex has not worked. On its territory military training exercises were conducted, and in the stands - rallies, one of which was made by V.I. Lenin with his speech. In honor of such a significant event, a memorial wall was erected on the territory of the racecourse.

Regular tests resumed in the twenties. At the beginning of 1921, trial runs and jumps at this racetrack were carried out. After that, the Main Horse Breeding Department decided that it was necessary to organize the trial of the stallions, starting from the autumn season of the same year. In September, trotting was already resumed. This year, more than 160 trotters were tested. Each year the number of them increased. Already in 1929, more than a thousand trotters were tested in 101 days. Then the tote was opened.

Until 1930, the race and trotting hippodromes in the Russian capital were separate. They were not far from each other, but belonged to different societies. Soon the question arose about the reorganization of the racecourse in connection with the fact that it was necessary to reconstruct and expand the railway junction of the Belorussky Railway Station. The project of merging into one two racetracks was carried out in 1930.

Between 1970 and 1983, at the Moscow Hippodrome trotters installed more than fifty all-Union records and 1 absolute.

In 1997, a sports children's and youth school was opened, which was located in the arena and a two-story stable.

In 2011, the Central Hippodrome, whose photo you see in our article, was transformed into an open joint stock company.

Beginning in July 2012, the tote again began to work legally, the profit from which goes to its functioning, as well as the support and development of horse breeding (since without additional financing nothing will turn out, because more expensive than "Mercedes" are good thoroughbred horses).

Hippodrome Today

Now at this race track on the weekend, the stallions of five breeds are tested. Every year, test trotters (Oryol, American, Russian and French), about a thousand a year. At this race track, the most expensive prizes in the country for trotters are played out. For example, the prize "Elite", "Peony", "Derby" and others.

Every year from May to September here there are competitions of stallions of race breeds, which are grown on horse-breeding plants of the Russian Federation or bought abroad.

At the Moscow Hippodrome, horse-racing events are also held (competitions on horse polo, competitions, dressage, ring-broods) in the competition field, which is in the center of this complex.

To entertain the audience between the stallions' competitions, sometimes there are dog races, camel races, pony competitions, performance of trained horses, masters of dzhigitovki and dog sledding.

Conclusion

Now you know what a hippodrome is. Races, exhibitions - all this is held in such a complex. Every year the racecourses are becoming more popular. After all, horse racing is a magnificent sight.