Regional placenta previa - a threat to the normal course of pregnancy

The placenta is the organ that plays a crucial role in fetal development. The placenta begins to form at the moment when the fetus is attached to the uterine wall, and already by the twelve weeks of pregnancy it takes on the nutritional, respiratory, excretory, protective and hormonal functions.

Usually the placenta is located in the region of the uterine fundus or at the back of the uterus with the transition to the side walls, less often - along the front wall. But there is such a pathology as placenta previa. The placenta, located in the lower part of the uterus, overlaps its inner pharynx partially or completely. Depending on this, a complete (central), partial and low placenta previa are distinguished.

Full placenta previa, when uterine pharynx is completely blocked, is rare. Partial placenta previa can be marginal and lateral. The marginal presentation of the placenta is the location of the placenta, in which the inner pharynx is closed by one third; Lateral presentation - when two thirds are closed. With a low presentation of the placenta, this important organ is located at a distance of not more than five centimeters from the internal pharynx. But pathology low placentation is considered only in the third trimester of pregnancy, before this time the placenta may well rise.

The main reason for the presentation of the placenta is that the mucous membrane of the uterus has undergone changes that prevent proper fixation of the fertilized egg. These changes can arise as a result of the transferred inflammatory process, the use of intrauterine spirals, endometrial disorders due to abortion or intrauterine curettage, uterine fibroids. Of all cases where doctors diagnose marginal placenta previa, 75% are in women who are pregnant repeatedly. Also affect the improper fixation of the embryo may be internal diseases in pregnant women.

The clinical symptom, which is defined as the marginal presentation of the placenta, and other types of its incorrect location, is bleeding from the genital tract, accompanied by pain. It can occur at different periods of pregnancy - in the first trimester, and before the very birth. The cause of bleeding lies in the partial detachment of the placenta. The walls of the uterus during pregnancy are stretched, and the placenta is not capable of such stretching, as a result, it detaches.

If you do not take timely medication, the fetus will begin to experience hypoxia, and the pregnant woman may develop significant anemia. Sometimes bleeding can even cause a fatal outcome. Therefore, if the gynecologist reveals a lateral, complete or marginal presentation of the placenta, it is necessary to follow his instructions clearly. Focusing on the complaints of a pregnant woman and the results of ultrasound, he will prescribe bed rest, preparations for contraction of the uterus, in case of frequent repeated bleeding - hospitalization and treatment in the hospital. The delivery is most likely to be done by caesarean section, only the marginal location of the placenta leaves room for natural delivery.