Pole vault: technique, record

Today, many kinds of sports are rapidly gaining popularity. The development of technology helps people from all over the world to follow the competition. Sport improves health, rejuvenates and gives a good mood.

Now there are various competitions in athletics, in which the last place is occupied by pole vaulting. It seems that athletes fly up in the air. Of course, this is not so, but the technique of pole vaulting is extremely complicated.

Everyone remembers the great Sergei Bubka, whose record has been preserved for many years. Among women, the true genius of pole vaulting is Elena Isinbayeva, whose achievement other athletes have not beaten. After the birth of the child, she returned to the sport.

So how to make a pole jump? What is the history of this interesting and beautiful sport? How complicated is the pole vault, whose technique remains a mystery to most people?

Appearance

Before proceeding to the description of the technique of performing a jump, you need to disassemble the history of this sport. Still several centuries BC. E. At various festivals, young people had fun in this way. However, these jumps could not be called sports. Only in 1866 in England were held the first competition in pole vaulting. At that time, Weller became the winner, who conquered the 3 m mark. In 1896, pole vaulting was included in the Olympics program, and the American Hight achieved the same result in the same year at 3.30 m, which was a new record. At the next stage of its development the sport passed with the appearance of a bamboo pole. The plant had good qualities, for example, it perfectly sprung, forcing athletes to rise even higher. In 1908, Wright conquered a mark of 4 m. His result was a figure of 402 cm. This record for high jump with the pole lasted, however, not for long.

Development

A new addition was the use of special pits. This was not a revolution in sport, but it contributed to the establishment of new records. In 1924, the rules included the possibility of using a special box, which performed the same function as the groove. The bamboo pole was still in operation until 1945. He was not able to find a substitute, therefore, a record of 4.77 m held for as long as 15 years, after which Gitovski who established him improved his result by 1 cm in 1957. In 3 years Bragg conquered the mark of 4.80 m.

In the USSR in the postwar years, there was a development of all kinds of sports, there were no exceptions and pole vaulting. Photos of the chronicles have survived to this day, and pictures of modern athletes you can see below in the article.

The next impetus to development for this sport was the introduction of fiberglass poles, which really changed the jumps. They were much lighter and more elastic, bamboo often broke and injured athletes. Also began to appear foam mats, which equipped with places for landing. This and secured participants of the competition. Already in 1963 Sternberg overcame the mark of 5 m. And, finally, Sergei Bubka conquered the six-meter line with a result of 614 cm.

Women

This sport was not exclusively male. Pole with a pole without any problems could make and women. For the first time representatives of the weaker sex took part in competitions in 1919. German Behrens conquered the mark in 2 m. After this sport was prohibited, and again became legal only in the 80's.

The true legend in the pole vault among women is Elena Isinbayeva, who set the record as many as 9 times. Her latest achievement is overcoming the mark of 5 m. The result is 501 cm.

Description

So what is pole vaulting? How to describe this sport? To make a jump it is necessary not only to jump well, but also to scatter and correctly put the pole itself. The athlete requires endurance, flexibility and agility. Pole vaulting is by right the most difficult in technical terms among all sports that are represented in track and field athletics.

Thus, the competent technique for performing jumps is as follows:

• Run and putting the pole at point-blank range;
• repulsion;
• Flight without support due to a push through the set bar;
• Landing on mats.

Run-time

This is the first part of the correct execution of a pole vault. The run-up usually takes place at a distance of about 35-40 m, depending on the preferences of a certain athlete. It is also important to follow the established rules. It is important to run at an optimal speed, as this will give a good boost. To run is necessary to approach with all attention. The pole must also be held in the hands in a certain way. It must remain free and at the same time be completely controlled by the athlete. Running should not cause vibration. When holding a pole, you must follow the following rules.

1. Hold is at the level of the belt.
2. The left hand (if the jogging leg corresponds to this side) should be on top of the pole. Hvat is also important. The thumb should be held down, the rest - above. If the right hand is involved, then it is necessary to occupy the opposite position.
3. The angle of rise of the pole in relation to the ground - for each athlete the value is strictly individual. However, it is usually less than 70 degrees.
4. The height of the grip also depends on a certain person and his physical fitness. The higher the preparedness of the athlete, the greater this value.
5. The distance between the hands of adults is up to 70 cm. For children, for obvious reasons, it is less.
6. The speed at the professionals is about 10 m / s. It allows you to make a qualitative repulsion. At the time of the last steps, preparations for a push are being made. The elbow rests on the pole, which is pushed forward.

Direct preparation is carried out in different ways. Everything again depends on the indicators and preferences of each athlete.

1. The pole is advanced forward by 3 steps.
2. At 5-4 most often it drops to an angle from 70 degrees to 25 degrees.
3. Then on 3 steps the pole is fixed to the stop.

It is necessary to carry out the movements described above synchronously, in order to achieve the best result. The professional athletes of the movement are honed to automatism, which explains their phenomenal results.

Tips and explanations

During the translation of the pole forward, in front of the chest, the main work is performed by the right hand brush. She, during the third step, along with the corresponding foot moves to the shoulder. During the second step, the same limb should already occupy the position near the shoulder and chin. After the right leg takes up the reference position, the axis of the hip joint and the shoulders should be parallel to each other. The run line, along which the movement takes place, must be perpendicular to them. To properly perform a pole vault, the length of the pole must match the weight of the athlete. For example, for a person of 80 kg, a 4.9 m projectile is best suited.

Important points

Together with the turn of the right hand, you need to place a left elbow under the pole. This is necessary in order to make a competent push. Synchronism and correctness of the action are also important here. The repulsion takes place directly thanks to the swing of the arms from the chest and the fall of the corresponding leg, which gives the body more acceleration for the jump. The foot of the foot must strike against the athlete's left hand. This is the way professionals use it. A small trick allows to fully reveal the speed potential of the jumper.

Repulsion

This is the fastest phase performed by athletes on an automatic level. Repulsion occurs directly during the setting of the jogging leg on the support. After the legs are completely detached from the ground, the phase is completed and goes to the next. It may seem that repulsion is the simplest part of a pole vault, which is not so important. However, it is not. It is from the push and the height of the "flight" depends. It is possible to accelerate well, to be able to behave correctly in the air, but without repulsion, it will not work. Pole vaulting is carried out without flapping hands. But the hands play a different role: they seem to lean on the pole and toss the athlete up. I must say that modern shells are able to bend a whole meter, on more "ancient", this possibility was not available to athletes. When there is a pole vault, the technique plays a major role.

In order to do everything right and achieve the best result, you must move the body to a vertical position. Most of all, the movement mechanism is similar to jumping in length, except for the work of hands. It is necessary to make a little bit smaller with a foot than in the above sport, and the pelvis and chest should move forward. The jogging leg after straightening presses the pole perpendicularly, the right hand pulls the shell down, and the left hand rests against it and goes up. Thus, there are two forces acting in different directions and contributing to a better result, thanks to the straightening of the pole.

Correct execution

The impact does not occur, since the projectile has great elasticity. It also affects the musculoskeletal system of man. After that, the jumper hangs on the pole. It is important to follow the values described below. The angle of the jogging leg should be about 60 degrees, and the repulsion - 76. Also worth noting forces that directly and push the athlete. Vertically, professional athletes have a load of 600 kg, horizontally - 200 kg. However, when repelled, these values are greatly reduced, the forces involved in raising a person are often 2-3 times less than those indicated. But also it is a lot of, the jumper should possess the big power indicators to be kept on a pole. Therefore, men and show better results.

Supporting part

After repenting, the next stage begins. The supporting part of the jump must also be performed at the highest level, otherwise it will be quite difficult to achieve great results. It is also divided into several stages, namely, vis, swing, extension of the body, pull-up and push-up.

Performance

After pushing away the athlete hangs on the pole, which throws it. Those who use a small deflection of the projectile, hang on the right hand. In this case, the axes of the shoulders and pelvis deviate towards the opposite extremity. Therefore, this type of execution is called "oblique". Today the most popular jumps are with a large deflection of the pole, because the material of the projectile allows it to be done. The method is much more difficult to perform due to technical difficulties, however, high-altitude jumps are developing, and it is necessary to use the leading techniques.

It is interesting that turning the pole towards the left hand during a visa increases the chances of a fall, due to the loss of balance. Therefore, it is gradually necessary to go into the visus on the appropriate hand, which will reduce the likelihood of injury, thanks to a rigid system. It will also help to apply the efforts made by the muscles of the athlete, and move the body in a position upside down. This is necessary in order to jump over the bar. It is also worthwhile to increase the deflection, while leaving the foot that performs the push, from behind, and stretch the muscles of the body surface. The fly leg connects with the jogging leg, and the pelvis, in turn, approaches the pole. After the muscles that were stretched earlier, they push out the body. Swings his feet. Then the pelvis approaches the hands.

Interesting sport - pole vaulting. In it, sophisticated technology is combined with the elegance of body movements.

End of phase

She straightens, thereby giving the athlete the energy that is spent on the jump. After the tightening of the body, it ends with the combination of the shoulders and the grip of the hand. Then the push-up begins, coinciding with the complete rectification of the pole. Too much to breed in different directions of the legs should not be. The left hand pushes the pelvis against the pole during all the described operations, helping also the body to turn around its axis. Then the hands break away from the pole and the flight begins. At this time, the jumper crosses the bar.

Athletics (pole vaulting including) requires a lot of effort and energy, and the technique of performing exercises is extremely difficult. It takes time and exhausting workouts so that a person can achieve results.

The final phase

The flight part means movement by inertia, that is, forward and upward. After the body reaches the level of the bar, the jumper must put his feet behind her, thereby helping himself to overcome the obstacle. Preparation for landing begins. Today, the technique of this part is unimportant, since the athlete insures mats. Previously, it was necessary to land in pits with sand and sawdust.

Today, pole vaulting is extremely popular. The record set by Sergei Bubka has been holding for a long time, but new athletes dream of beating him.

Parents give their children in the jumping section. There their children not only achieve certain results, but also heals, as any kind of athletics requires a lot of effort and persistent training.